Worksheets3 - Techniques of Experimental Designs
Total questions: 27
Worksheet time: 14mins
*Effect of only one IV on one DV
*Only one factor is manipulated-rest of the factors are controlled or held constant
*Example: Effect of Audio-Video (AV) Aids on the learning of students
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
*Effect of more than one IVs on one DV
*All factors can be manipulated- but some of the factors can be controlled or held constant
*Example:
Effect of shape (round & square) and size (Big & small) of the cake on the perception of the taste
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
*Effect of more than one IVs on one DV
*All factors can be manipulated- but some of the factors can be controlled or held constant.
*More than one relationsbetween IVs are found.
*Example:
Effect of shape (round & square) , size (Big & small) and the color (Blue, Red, White) of the cake on the perception of the taste.
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
IVs:
1. Reinforcement = Positive and Negative
2. Experience = Intermediate & Expert
DV:
1. Performance
2(IV1)x2(IV2)
2 x 3 = 6
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
Effect of Gender and academic Background on the Learning of students
2x3 factorial
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
Effect of Grades, Gender and Academic Year on the Learning of Students
6x2x4=36 factorial
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
Effect of shape (round & square), size (Big & small) and color (Red, Blue & Black) of the cake on the perception of the taste.
2x2x3=12
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
When you see the effect of an IV on DV and ignore the other IV
Main Effect
Interaction Effect
When you see the effect of one IV on the DV in the presence of Other IV
Main Effect
Interaction Effect
When you see the effect of one IV on the DV in the presence of Other IV
Main Effect
Interaction Effect
Statistically Significant
When data meet the pre-established criteria
Main Effect
Interaction Effect
Statistically Significant
Experiment on color codes
IV (1)= type of relationship (color to associate, color to word, color to color)
IV (2)= delay b/w the stimuli (0, 500, 1500 msec)
IV (3)= match (red, blood) or miss-match (red-blue)
DV= reaction time
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
**Studies which selects IVs from the natural environment
**Overcome the problems faced by psychologists who wish to study behaviors occurring in less formally structured environments than labs
**sometimes termed as “ex po facto research” or “as if” designs
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
Quasi-Experimental Designs
The collection and the analysis of the data take place after an event has happened
Similar to naturalistic observation; difference introduction of IV
Responsible for experimental control
Selection of participants: random- well defined characteristics
Lab Setting- controlled environment- results are generalized to real life
Real life occur naturally- sometimes natural settings cannot be brought in labs.
Single-Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
Complex Factorial Designs
Quasi-Experimental Designs
It dealing with highly control system/environment- the lab has many virtues and many psychology experiments require this rigid control over stimuli.
Closed System
A Open System
It is an environment over which we have no or little control- real world
Closed System
A Open System
What is true about Functional Designs?
Within Subject Design
Uses functional definitions of terms and concepts
Factorial Designs: Mean/ Percentage/ Frequency is compared of the scores of the participants by using statistical analysis
Experimental Analysis of behavior
Originated by B.F. Skinner-Skinnerians
A _____________ defines the response class of behaviors by their common effect on the environment (the function). You use this form of operational definition to describe a group of behaviors that serve the same function.
Operational Definition
Functional Definition
Inductive Approach
Deductive Approach
Inductive Approach
Deductive Approach
Deductive Approach
Big samples
Sophisticated Statistical Analysis
Factorial Designs
Functional Designs
Inductive Approach
Small n
No particular statistical analysis- typical curves
Factorial Designs
Functional Designs
Small n Designs:
AAA
2nd A is:
•Observation of the untreated behavior
•No treatment introduced, measure of behavior
•Measure of behavior
ABABA Designs:
Experimental Variable is reintroduced.
1st A is:
Observation of the untreated behavior
Experimental Treatment and the measurement of the behavior
Withdrawal of the treatment and the measurement of the behavior
Again Experimental Treatment and Measurement of the Behavior
Withdrawal of the Treatment and the measurement of the behavior
