WorksheetsEarth Space Science - Energy in the Atmosphere and Ocean
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 59mins
Hailey is creating a computer model to show what happens to energy from the sun when it reaches the Earth's surface.
Which of the following statements explains the energy budget on Earth?
Most energy is made into food by plants.
Earth's surface absorbs and re-emits equal amounts of energy.
Earth's surface reflects more energy than the atmosphere.
The atmosphere absorbs more energy than Earth's surface.
Hailey will need to include methods of heat transfer in her model. What type of heat transfer takes place from the sun to the Earth?
Convection
Conduction
Expansion
Radiation
The ozone layer absorbs energy and protects life on Earth. Some chemicals, called CFCs, have damaged the ozone layer. Which of these explains what happens when the ozone layer is damaged?
Fewer UV rays reach the Earth's surface
Fewer UV rays are absorbed by the atmosphere
More UV rays are reflected back toward space
Other parts of the atmosphere make up for the damaged ozone layer.
What form is the sun's energy that reaches us through space?
electric
magnetic
magnetoelectric
electromagnetic
The form of radiation that is similar to heat is
infrared
visible light
ultraviolet
radio waves
The form of radiation that can cause skin damage and eye damage is
infrared
visible light
ultraviolet
radio waves
The form of radiation that can be seen on earth is
infrared
visible light
ultraviolet
radio waves
Why are the top three layers of the atmosphere important for life on Earth?
They cool down the sun's radiation.
They reflect all of the sun's radiation.
They absorb most of the sun's radiation.
They convert the sun's radiation to power.
Which three layers absorb most of the sun's radiation?
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere
thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere
thermosphere, stratosphere, troposphere
Which layer of the atmosphere receives the least, or lowest amount, of the sun's radiation?
thermosphere
mesosphere
stratosphere
troposphere
How much of the sun's radiation is absorbed by the ground and water at Earth's surface?
About 51%
100%
About 20%
About 4%
Which statement about Earth's energy budget is correct?
Energy absorbed by the earth = heat re-emitted by the earth
Incoming radiation from the sun = heat re-emitted by the earth
Energy reflected off clouds = heat re-emitted by the earth
How are the atmosphere and a greenhouse the same?
They both are cooler inside than outside.
They both are made out of glass.
They both trap heat inside them.
They are imaginary ideas to explain Earth Science.
What is causing the greenhouse effect to increase?
Too little greenhouse gases are making the earth colder.
Too much of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are making the earth colder.
Too much of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are making the earth warmer.
There is no such thing as a greenhouse made out of gases.
As the earth's temperatures increase, the size of the polar ice caps will
increase
decrease
both increase and decrease
A sandwich being grilled (cooked) on a frying pan on a stove is an example of
conduction
convection
radiation
thermification
Warm water rising in the ocean, then being replaced by cold water from below it is an example of
conduction
convection
radiation
thermification
Energy from the sun or fire is an example of
conduction
convection
radiation
thermification
How does conduction occur at the earth's surface?
Radiation reaches the earth from the sun.
The ground warms up and transfers heat to the air it is in direct contact with.
Warm air rises, then cool air replaces it, and the cycle occurs over and over.
What is the beginning of heat transfers occurring at the earth's surface?
Radiation reaches the earth from the sun.
The ground warms up and transfers heat to the air it is in direct contact with.
Warm air rises, then cool air replaces it, and the cycle occurs over and over.
How do convection currents form in the atmosphere?
Radiation reaches the earth from the sun.
The ground warms up and transfers heat to the air it is in direct contact with.
Warm air rises, then cool air replaces it, and the cycle occurs over and over.
What form is the sun's energy that reaches us through space?
electric
magnetic
magnetoelectric
electromagnetic
What causes surface currents in the ocean?
waves
turtles
wind
gravity
What is conduction?
absorption of ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
The transfer of heat between objects that are touching
the transfer of heat through waves
warm air rising, cool air sinking
In the northern hemisphere, what direction does the jet stream flow?
from west to east
from east to west
from land to sea
from north to south
Whatt direction doesa sea breeze blow?
from the land to the water
from the east to the west
from the north to the south
from the sea to the land
How does a sea breeze work?
It can only happen during the day, when the cool air from the ocean rushes towards the warmer land
It can only happen during the night, when the cool air from the ocean rushes towards the warmer land
It can only happen during the summer, when more people are outside to notice it
It can only happen during the night, when less activity from animals allows wind to be more powerful
What brings winter to the United States?
the trade winds
the effect of gravity on the Sun's radiation
the Earth spinning on its axis
The polar easterly jet stream
What makes deep ocean currents form?
Density differences
changes in salinity
wind
the upwelling of plankton
1. What creates global winds?
Warm air rising at the poles and flowing towards the equator while cold air sinks at the equator and spreads towards the poles
sea breezes and land breezes
Warm air rising at the equators and flowing towards the poles while cold air sinks at the poles and spreads towards the equator
the change in the seasons
Why are the west coasts of England and Ireland warmer and wetter than inland parts of the continent that are further south?
the Polar Easterlies
The Gulf Stream
Tthe Trade Winds
Deep currents bringing warm water
What direction does heat move in?
The warmer object will transfer heat to the cooler object
the cooler object will make the warmer object cooler
Heat can only rise up
heat will only move from west to east in the northern hemisphere
The measure of the amount of dissolved salt in a given amount of water is called _____.
solubility
salinity
density
proximity
As the depth of ocean water increases, the temperature
increases.
decreases.
fluctuates depending on the pressure.
stays the same.
When temperature decreases, the density of liquid water _________________.
increases
decreases
stays the same
The curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the Earth's rotation is called
a continental deflection.
the Coriolis effect.
a pressurized deflection.
a rotational deflection.
During a(n) ____ event, trade winds are much stronger than usual.
El Nino
La Nina
Normal
Partly sunny
Both El Nino and La Nina have this in common
Influence birds that migrate over the ocean
Influence rainy / dry weather world wide
The weather at the polar regions
The directions that ships travel in the oceans
During an El Nino, trade winds are typically...
about average
stronger
weaker
The image is of a(n):
El Nino event
La Nina event
Non-El Nino (normal conditions)
The picture below is of a(n) ____ event.
Non-El Nino (Normal)
El Nino
La Nina
La Niña is characterized by ______________ of the Western Pacific Ocean.
a warming
a cooling
average temperatures
El Niño ___________________ the trade winds causing the warm pool to move ___________.
weakens or reverses; west
intensifies; east
weakens or reverses; east
intensifies; east
Why do the fisherman of Peru and South America not welcome a strong El Nino?
El Nino poisons the fish
El Nino causes strong winds and currents which move fish westward
El Nino bring cold water to the surface which kills the base of the food chain
El Nino shuts off upwelling and nutrients needed for the marine food chain do not rise to the surface
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about El Niño and La Niña?
Both occur every 2-7 years
Both occur in the Atlantic Ocean
El Nino is a warming and La Nina is a cooling of the Pacific Ocean
Neither are considered "storms"
In El Nino, rain moves east with the warm pool causing rainy/stormy weather in California and less hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean.
True
False
When La Nina and hurricanes pull cold water to the surface and bring nutrient rich sediments from the seafloor, this is called ___________________.
upwelling
downwelling
El zapato
La Gloria
