WorksheetsUnit 3 - Cellular Energetics Review
Total questions: 67
Worksheet time: 34mins
What are the two parts of oxidative phosphorylation?
glycolysis
Krebs cycle
electron transport chain
chemiosmosis
Where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?
chloroplast
cristae
matrix
cytosol
Which direction are protons pumped during the electron transport chain?
Into the mitochondrial matrix
Into the intermembrane space
Into the cytosol
Into the thylakoid
Which part of the cell will have the highest pH due to cellular respiration?
cytosol
matrix
intermembrane space
thylakoid
How does the electron transport chain facilitate the synthesis of ATP?
The ATP is synthesized at the end of the electron transport chain
The ATP is synthesized by the protons combining with the oxygen in the electron transport chain
The ATP is synthesized by the protons flowing down their concentration gradient after being pumped out by ETC
The ATP is synthesized by the ATP synthase found in the electron transport chain
What is the function of decoupling oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain?
Generate heat to regulate body temperature in endotherms
Generate heat to regulate body temperature in ectotherms
Generate ATP to power cellular activity in cells
Generate ATP to power activity in organisms
What does the NADH and/or FADH2 that is brought to the electron transport chain come from?
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Pyruvate oxidation
Cytoplasmic reactions
Where would you find the electron transport chain in a plant cell?
mitochondrial cristae
thylakoid membrane
prokaryotic plasma membrane
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi bodies
Describe what would happen if the mitochondrial inner membrane was ruptured.
ATP synthesis would be inhibited
ATP synthesis would be promoted
The electron transport chain would increase in activity
The electron transport chain would decrease in activity
FUN FACT: How many ATPs are synthesized from the energy carried by NADH and FADH2 (on average)?
1 NADH = 1 ATP; 1 FADH2 = 1 ATP
1 NADH = 2 ATP; 1 FADH2 = 1 ATP
1 NADH = 3 ATP; 1 FADH2 = 2 ATP
1 NADH = 2 ATP; 1 FADH2 = 3 ATP
Which of the following is NOT a part of photosynthesis?
Calvin cycle
Light reactions
Light independent reactions
Krebs cycle
Where do the light reactions take place?
cytosol
thylakoid membrane
stroma
mitochondrial matrix
Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
cytosol
thylakoid membrane
stroma
mitochondrial matrix
What is the input for the light reactions?
light energy
ATP
NADPH
H2O
What is the output for the light reactions?
light energy
ATP
NADPH
H2O
What is the input for the Calvin cycle?
CO2
H2O
NADPH
ATP
G3P
What is the output for the Calvin cycle?
CO2
H2O
NADPH
ATP
G3P
How many CO2 molecules are needed to make 1 G3P?
1
2
3
6
How many turns of the Calvin cycle are required for 1 G3P to be synthesized?
1
2
3
6
How many NADPHs are required for the Calvin cycle?
2
3
6
9
How many ATPs are required for the Calvin cycle?
2
3
6
9
Which of the following describes the pathway of electrons in the light reactions?
O2 -> PS II -> PS I -> NADH
O2 -> PS II -> PS I -> NADPH
O2 -> PS I -> PS II -> NADPH
O2 -> PS I -> PS II -> NADH
The delta G of a catalyzed reaction is 30 kJ/mol. If you double the reaction, what would be delta G of the catalyzed reaction?
0 kJ/mol
15 kJ/mol
30 kJ/mol
60 kJ/mol
What is the function of an enzyme?
To speed up a chemical reaction
To provide additional energy
To inhibit a cellular process
To increase absorption of a molecule
Which of the following would NOT denature an enzyme?
HIGH temperature
LOW pH
HIGH pH
LOW temperature
What happens to the reaction rate if an enzyme is denatured or nonfunctional?
no change to the reaction rate
increase in reaction rate
decrease in reaction rate
decrease then increase reaction rate
Which of the following is NOT a way that enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
strain bonds in the structure
orient reacting molecules
provide favorable environment
increase required energy of activation
An enzyme can make an endergonic reaction into an exergonic reaction.
True
False
Which of the following is a way to overcome competitive inhibition of an enzyme?
increase product concentration
increase substrate concentration
decrease enzyme concentration
decrease environmental temperature
Where does a substrate bind to an enzyme?
active site
allosteric site
How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease reaction rates?
binds to the active site
binds to the allosteric site
increases the free energy
increases the substrate concentration
The decreased production of enzyme Trp-T would have which of the following responses?
decrease in Tryptophan concentration
increase in I3PA concentration
increase in IAA concentration
decrease in I3PA & IAA concentration
Where does glycolysis take place?
cytosol
mitochondrial matrix
cristae
thylakoid
Glycolysis requires oxygen.
True
False
What is the starting material for glycolysis?
pyruvate
acetyl CoA
glucose
G3P
What is the main function of glycolysis?
To rearrange the glucose molecule to be broken down
To split the glucose molecule to release energy
To recreate acetyl CoA for the krebs cycle
To absorb and store energy in ATP molecules
What process takes place if NADH is unable to be oxidized?
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Chemiosmosis
Fermentation
There are 10 steps in glycolysis, how many enzymes catalyze these steps?
8
9
10
11
What are the products of glycolysis?
2 ATP, 2 NADPH, 2 pyruvate
2 ADP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate
2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate
2 ADP, 2 NADPH, 2 pyruvate
How does glycolysis lead to ATP synthesis?
Glucose provides the phosphate for ADP to synthesize ATP
Glycolysis splits the glucose molecule to create G3P
High energy electrons are stored in NADH for the ETC
Acetyl CoA is synthesized for the Krebs cycle
Justify that glycolysis evolved before oxygen was present in the atmosphere.
Glycolysis does not require oxygen which represents that it evolved prior to free oxygen in the atmosphere.
Glycolysis does not take place in the mitochondria and thus does not require oxygen.
Glycolysis splits a glucose molecule into 2 pyruvate molecules which does not require oxygen.
Glycolysis takes place in all living organisms which means it evolved prior to free oxygen in the atmosphere.
Justify that glycolysis evolved prior to the mitochondria.
Glycolysis takes place in the cytosol.
Glycolysis does not require a membrane which represents that it evolved prior to membrane bound organelles.
Glycolysis has instructions in the nuclear DNA.
Glycolysis does not require mitochondrial DNA which represents that it evolved prior to membrane bound organelles.
Where does the Krebs cycle take place?
mitochondrial matrix
cristae
cytosol
chloroplast
What is the starting material for the Krebs cycle?
glucose
pyruvate
acetyl CoA
G3P
How much of the glucose is left after the Krebs cycle?
0%
25%
50%
75%
The Krebs cycle requires oxygen, because...
without oxygen, NADH cannot be oxidized to continue receiving electrons as NAD+
without oxygen, coenzyme A is unable to be added to the pyruvate molecule to make acetyl CoA
without oxygen, ATP cannot be synthesized by substrate level phosphorylation
without oxygen, glycolysis cannot take place to provide the starting materials for the Krebs cycle
What is the difference between NADH and FADH2?
Both are electron carriers, FADH2 occurs in the Krebs cycle and NADH occurs in glycolysis
Both are electron carriers, NADH occurs in glycolysis and FADH2 occurs in the Krebs cycle.
Both are electron carriers, FADH2 holds higher energy electrons
Both are electron carriers, NADH holds higher energy electrons
How are electrons extracted during the Krebs cycle transferred to the electron transport chain?
NADH
FADH2
ATP
CO2
In one turn of the cycle, how many of the products are formed?
1 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 FADH2, 1 CO2
1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 2 CO2
2 ATP, 2 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 CO2
2 ATP, 3 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 CO2
How does the Krebs cycle allow for ATP synthesis?
The rotation of the Krebs cycle turns a "rotor" in the cell to synthesize ATP
ATP is synthesized by substrate level phosphorylation during the removal of the coenzyme A upon entrance into the cycle
Krebs cycle completes the breakdown of glucose to release the energy and store it in the form of ATP
High energy electrons are stored in NADH and FADH2 to shuttle to the ETC to generate a proton gradient
How many turns of the Krebs cycle per glucose molecule?
1
2
3
4
Predict the effect of an inhibitor that stops the oxidation of NADH or FADH2.
Increase of cellular respiration; more ATP is synthesized
Decrease of cellular respiration; more ATP is synthesized
Increase of cellular respiration; less ATP is synthesized
Decrease of cellular respiration; less ATP is synthesized
Which of the following is NOT a step in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Calvin Cycle
Where does glycolysis take place?
Cytosol
Mitochondrial Matrix
Mitochondrial Cristae
Stroma
Thylakoid Membrane
Where does Krebs cycle take place?
Cytosol
Mitochondrial Matrix
Mitochondrial Cristae
Stroma
Thylakoid Membrane
Where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?
Cytosol
Mitochondrial Matrix
Mitochondrial Cristae
Stroma
Thylakoid Membrane
What is the input of glycolysis?
glucose
pyruvate
NADH
G3P
What is the output of glycolysis?
glucose
2 pyruvate
2 NADH
2 ATP
2 FADH2
What is the main function of glycolysis?
To complete the breakdown of glucose
To generate a proton gradient and synthesize ATP
To split a glucose molecule in half and synthesize NADH
What is the main function of Krebs cycle?
To complete the breakdown of glucose
To generate a proton gradient and synthesize ATP
To split a glucose molecule in half and synthesize NADH
What is the main function of oxidative phosphorylation?
To complete the breakdown of glucose
To generate a proton gradient and synthesize ATP
To split a glucose molecule in half and synthesize NADH
What is the input of Krebs cycle?
pyruvate
acetyl CoA
glucose
NADH
What is the output of Krebs cycle (one turn)?
3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 ATP
2 CO2
acetyl CoA
What is the input of oxidative phosphorylation?
NADH
FADH2
pyruvate
glucose
ATP
What is the output of oxidative phosphorylation?
ATP
NADH
FADH2
glucose
Which step of cellular respiration REQUIRES oxygen?
glycolysis
Krebs cycle
oxidative phosphorylation
Calvin cycle
Which step can be performed by prokaryotes AND eukaryotes?
glycolysis
Krebs cycle
oxidative phosphorylation
Calvin cycle
