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Fundamentals of EnE

Total questions: 115

Worksheet time: 1hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A liquid that has passed through compacted solid waste
a)
oil
b)
leachate
c)
fertilizer
d)
battery acid
2.
Garbage produced by households and businesses
a)
hazardous waste
b)
school lunch
c)
municipal solid waste
d)
city water
3.
Cannot be broken down by biological processes
a)
plant waste
b)
paper
c)
plastic
d)
yard waste
4.
Makes up more than half of the total waste produced
a)
municipal solid waste
b)
manufacturing waste
c)
hazardous waste
d)
agriculture waste
5.
An example of something that is biodegradable is
a)
a leaf in a compost pile
b)
a plastic milk jug in a landfill
c)
a polystyrene burger container in a trash can
d)
All of the above
6.
The total amount of solid waste generated in the U.S. in the last 40 years
a)
has doubled
b)
has tripled
c)
has not changed
d)
None of the above
7.
The average person living in the United States produces
a)
about 400 pounds of solid waste per day
b)
about 4 pounds of solid waste per day
c)
about 400 pounds of solid waste per year
d)
about 4 pounds of solid waste per month
8.
From 1970 to the present, the percentage of waste that is recycled has
a)
increased from 6.6% to 28%
b)
decreased from 28% to 6.6%
c)
decreased from 28% to 19.6%
d)
remained the same
9.
Which of the following are problems associated with landfills?
a)
source reduction and composting
b)
surface improvement and leachate
c)
leachate and methane production
d)
all of the above
10.
Makes up most of the municipal solid waste
a)
paper
b)
plastic
c)
manufacturing waste
d)
leachate
11.
Leachate is a ______________
a)
A liquid that has passed through com-seeps solid waste in a landfill
b)
A gas that has passed through com-seeps solid waste in a landfill
c)
A solid that has passed through com-seeps solid waste in a landfill
d)
A chemical that has passed through com-seeps solid waste in a landfill
12.
Why is leachate dangerous?
a)
It has toxic fumes
b)
It can leak into our water supply
c)
It can't be processed
13.
E-waste is generated from...
a)
electronics
b)
elevated nuclear plants
c)
elephants at the zoo
d)
EPA regulated facilities
14.
A process in which mixed garbage is burned at very high temperatures is:
a)
recovery
b)
incineration
c)
leachate
d)
source reduction 
15.
Which item should you NOT put in your compost pile?
a)
food scraps
b)
autumn leaves
c)
wood chips
d)
plastic
16.
The three main categories of waste include municipal solid waste, hazardous waste, and:
a)
industrial waste 
b)
radioactive waste 
c)
wastewater
d)
green waste
17.
All of the following are methods of solid waste disposal EXCEPT:
a)
landfills
b)
open dumping 
c)
incineration
d)
recovery 
18.
Why are non-biodegradable plastics a problem in the environment?
a)
They do not decompose or break down naturally
b)
They leak toxic chemicals
c)
They are filling up lakes and ponds
d)
They contain poisons for wildlife
19.
What is the collection of materials that can be broken down and reprocessed to make new items?
a)
composting
b)
incineration
c)
leachate
d)
recycling 
20.
Hazardous waste is:
a)
corrosive
b)
ignitable
c)
toxic
d)
all of these
21.
Which category produces the greatest amount of waste?
a)
Industrial
b)
Municipal
c)
Hazardous
d)
Litter
22.
Which of the following practices would help achieve source reduction?
a)
more consumption
b)
increased use of plastics
c)
more packaging
d)
designing goods that last longer
23.
In what category of waste do paint, household cleaners, medical waste, and solvents belong?
a)
hazardous
b)
compost
c)
municipal solid
d)
industrial
24.
Substances that can eat through or dissolve metal storage tanks and equipment are called
a)
ignitable.
b)
corrosive.
c)
reactive.
d)
toxic.
25.
A process in which mixed garbage is burned at very high temperatures is:
a)
recovery
b)
incineration
c)
leachate
d)
source reduction 
26.
What is the collection of materials that can be broken down and reprocessed to make new items?
a)
composting
b)
incineration
c)
leachate
d)
recycling 
27.
In what category of waste do paint, household cleaners, medical waste, and solvents belong?
a)
hazardous
b)
compost
c)
municipal solid
d)
industrial
28.

E-waste can be recycled to extract ____.

a)

gold, rare earths, valuable metals

b)

carbon compounds

c)

organic solids

d)

personal identification information

29.

Dry cell batteries and household pesticides are classified as ____ waste.

a)

industrial solid

b)

toxic solid

c)

hazardous

d)

electronic

30.

The most desirable method of dealing with hazardous wastes is ____.

a)

incineration

b)

perpetual storage

c)

recycling and reusing hazardous wastes

d)

deposit in ocean trenches

31.

Which solid waste management do you practice if you use eco bags in shopping?

a)

Reduce

b)

Reuse

c)

Recycle

d)

Repair

32.

_________ means to use less of something?

a)

Reduce

b)

Recycle

c)

Reuse

33.

To _________ is to use something more than once.

a)

reduce

b)

reuse

c)

recycle

34.

To _________________ is to make an old item into something new.

a)

recycle

b)

reuse

c)

reduce

35.

Which thing can be recycled?

a)

rock

b)

pencil

c)

clay

d)

paper

36.

Trash or garbage is also called ___________________.

a)

pollution

b)

recycling

c)

solid waste

37.

Cereal boxes are made from ____________________.

a)

plastic

b)

cardboard

c)

glass

d)

metal

38.

Tissue is made from _______________

a)

paper

b)

plastic

c)

metal

d)

glass

39.

Which of the following is made from glass?

a)
b)
c)
d)
40.

Drinking cans are made from _________________

a)

glass

b)

plastic

c)

metal

d)

paper

41.

Which of the following is recyclable?

a)
b)
c)
d)
42.
What safety symbol is this? 
a)
biohazard
b)
radiation
c)
toxic
d)
corrosive
43.
What does this symbol indicate?
a)
Corrosive substances are present; protect your hands.
b)
Wash your hands.
c)
Extreme temperatures are present; wear appropriate gloves.
d)
Bacteria are present.
44.
What safety symbol is this?
a)
Flammable 
b)
Oxidizing Agent
c)
No Open Flame
d)
Explosion
45.
What safety Symbol is this?
a)
Flamable
b)
Oxidizing Agent
c)
No Open Flame
d)
Explosion
46.
a)
Oxidizing Agent
b)
Flamable
c)
Fire Extinguisher
d)
No Open Flame
47.
a)
Environmental Hazard
b)
Electrical Hazard 
c)
No Open Flame
d)
Corrosive
48.
a)
Very Toxic
b)
Bio hazard
c)
Recycle
d)
Electric 
49.
a)
Poison
b)
Bio Hazard
c)
Environmental Hazard
d)
Not Drinking Water
50.
a)
Poison/Toxic
b)
Bio Hazard
c)
Radioactive
d)
Corrosive
51.
a)

Harmful irritants

b)

It's Good for you

c)

flammable

d)

corrosive

52.
a)

Dangerous to breathe in

b)

toxic

c)

irritant

d)

Edible

53.
Toxic, corrosive, or explosive material
a)
solid waste
b)
hazardous waste
c)
municipal waste
d)
plant waste
54.

Potentially explosive or chemically reactive

a)

hazardous waste

b)

municipal solid waste

c)

agricultural waste

55.

Potentially explosive or chemically reactive

a)

hazardous waste

b)

municipal solid waste

c)

agricultural waste

56.

Contains plant matter, fertilizer, and pesticide residue

a)

hazardous waste

b)

municipal solid waste

c)

agricultural waste

57.

Leftover rock and ore from mineral extraction.

a)

hazardous waste

b)

municipal solid waste

c)

agricultural waste

d)

mining waste

58.

Which of these materials in municipal waste would be considered biodegradable?

a)

glass bottles

b)

metal cans

c)

glass clippings and leaves

59.

Municipal waste production in the United States has increased ____________________ the population growth rate.

a)

faster than

b)

slower than

c)

all about the same rate as

60.

Which form of waste disposal is no longer in use in most developed countries.

a)

sanitary landfills

b)

open dumps

c)

incinerators

61.

Which is not a disadvantage of using sanitary landfills to dispose of municipal solid waste?

a)

Sanitary landfills are the most expensive waste disposal option.

b)

They can leak into groundwater if not lined properly.

c)

They can run out of space, especially in heavily populated areas.

62.

What is an advantage of incineration over other waste disposal methods?

a)

Incineration increases the volume of waste the must be placed in the landfill.

b)

Lower risk of air pollution.

c)

The costs of building and running ans incinerator are much lower.

63.

Implementing cash deposits on recyclable materials, such as car batteries and (in some states) drink cans and bottles results in ___________________ in recycling rates.

a)

an increase

b)

a decrease

c)

no change

64.

What is the drawback to recycling materials like metals, glass, and plastics?

a)

Recycling requires more energy

b)

The amount of material recaptured for future use is minimal

c)

Market prices for recycled materials can fluctuate wildly.

65.

Which of these materials is not accepted for recycling in most communities?

a)

clear glass

b)

#1 PET plastic (e.g. water bottles)

c)

#6 Styrofoam Containers

66.

Toxic water that infiltrates through a landfill and collects at the bottom.

a)

leachate

b)

compost

c)

tipping fee

67.
Surface impoundment is a method for
a)
packing a landfill down
b)
disposing of hazardous waste by bringing it to the surface
c)
disposing of hazardous waste by allowing it to settle out and evaporate  in a pond
d)
recovering raw material from manufactured goods
68.

This is an approach in which we attempt to control wastes in ways that reduce environmental harm without trying to reduce the amount of waste produced

a)

waste reduction

b)

waste management

c)

integrated waste management

69.

These are produced by mines, farms and industries that supply people with goods and services.

a)

industrial solid waste

b)

municipal solid waste

c)

integrated solid waste

70.

Choose the type of 4R which has a wrong definition.

a)

refuse-don't use it

b)

reduce-use less

c)

reuse-use it over and over

d)

recycle- using bacteria to treat biodegradable waste

71.

Identify all the strategies to reduce resource use of Waste/Pollution

a)

Develop products that are easy to repair, reuse, remanufacture, compost or recycle

b)

Use fee-per-bag waste collection systems

c)

Change industrial processes to eliminate/reduce use of harmful chemicals

d)

Redesign manufacturing processes and products to use less material and energy

e)

Use disposable cups

72.

Check all the examples of solid waste

a)

paper

b)

car battery

c)

cans

d)

bottles

e)

food waste

73.

This is an approach in which we produce less solid waste and the waste we do produced are considered to be potential resources that we can reuse, recycle, or compost.

a)

waste management

b)

waste reduction

c)

integrated waste management

74.

These are any discarded material or substance that threatens human health or the environment because it is poisonous, dangerously chemically reactive, corrosive, or flammable.

a)

solid waste

b)

hazardous waste

c)

industrialized waste

75.

This is a type of landfill where solid wastes are spread out in thin layers, compacted, and covered daily with a fresh layer of clay or plastic foam.

a)

open dump

b)

composting

c)

sanitary landfill

76.

A type of recycling where we are using bacteria to treat biodegradable waste.

a)

composting

b)

sanitary landfill

c)

open dump

77.
A colorless, odorless gas that decreases the blood's ability to carry oxygen.  Can cause faintness, death.
a)
Nitrogen oxides
b)
Ground-level ozone
c)
Carbon monoxide
d)
Sulfur dioxide
78.

______________ ______________ is produced when fuels containing sulfur are burned in the presence of oxygen.

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Sulfur dioxide

c)

Carbon monoxide

d)

Greenhouse gas

79.

The Clean Air Act- regulates vehicle emissions.

a)

true

b)

false

80.
Used on factory stacks to remove gases and particulate.
a)
Filters
b)
Emission reducers
c)
Scrubbers
d)
Filter Strips
81.

Source of carbon monoxide

a)

Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels

b)

Combustion of fossil fuels

c)

Decomposition of plant and animal matters

d)

Photochemical reaction of CO2

82.
An air pollution prevention mechanism found in vehicles. 
a)
combustion chamber
b)
electrostatic precipitator
c)
scrubber
d)
catalytic converter
83.
What is a primary pollutant? 
a)
pollutant that is put directly into air by human activities
b)
pollutants that react with other primary pollutants
84.

A type of pollution found both indoors and outdoors, which includes pollen, dander, soot, carbon, and dust.

a)

Water droplets

b)

Allergens

c)

Particulate matter

d)

Combustibles

85.

Which of the following are examples of VOC's ? (Select 3)

a)

paint and paint thinners

b)

gasoline

c)

water vapor

d)

formaldehyde

e)

smog

86.

This primary pollutant creates a reddish brown gas creating photochemical smog and tropospheric ozone.

a)

sulfuric acid

b)

VOC

c)

nitrogen dioxide

d)

particulate matter

87.

This atmospheric compound is critical to the planet in its protection against UV radiation, but when found close to the ground is part of photochemical smog that can cause serious health problems.

a)

particulate matter

b)

carbon monoxide

c)

stratospheric ozone

d)

tropospheric ozone

88.

Electrostatic precipitators can be used to remove this type of air pollutant.

a)

volatile organic compounds

b)

sulfur dioxide

c)

particulate matter

d)

ground level ozone

89.

Which of the following is NOT a primary pollutant?

a)

nitric oxides

b)

smog

c)

sulfur dioxide

d)

volatile organic compounds

90.
What is a secondary pollutant? 
a)
pollutant that is put directly into air by human activities
b)
pollutants that react with other primary pollutants
91.

Which of the following is an example of a primary pollutant?

a)

Acid rain

b)

Ozone

c)

Carbon monoxide

d)

Asbestos

92.
Which two primary pollutants most often result in acid rain?
a)
sulfuric dioxide and nitric oxide
b)
carbon monoxide and VOCs
c)
ZEVs and VOCs
d)
carbonic acid and citric acid
93.
Ozone and acid rain are both pollutants formed through reactions in the atmosphere. This makes them
a)
primary air pollutants
b)
secondary air pollutants 
c)
atmospheric transport
d)
atmospheric deposition
94.

What is the major cause for air pollution?

a)

deforestation

b)

oil spills

c)

transportation

d)

cigarretes

95.

How much of water on Earth is FRESH SURFACE water?

a)

0.3%

b)

3%

c)

97%

d)

30%

96.

What is virtual water?

a)

Water on a computer screen

b)

Water that is salty

c)

Amount of water to create a product

d)

Water that is frozen

97.

Which of the following is NOT a major use of freshwater?

a)

Residential

b)

Agricultural

c)

Industrial

d)

Clouds

98.

Which of the following affects how freshwater is used?

a)

Age

b)

Population size

c)

Education

d)

GPA

99.

What does "potable" mean?

a)

Safe to drink

b)

Frozen

c)

Liquid water

d)

Dirty water

100.

Which of the following is an unsafe material that can be found in drinking water?

a)

Fish

b)

Pathogens

c)

Minerals

d)

None of these

101.

In a residence, how is most (26%) of the water used?

a)

Toilet

b)

Bath/shower

c)

Faucet

d)

Dishwasher

102.

In industrial water use, what is most of it used for?

a)

Toilets

b)

Cooling power plants

c)

Making goods

d)

Waste disposal

103.

What is water used for in agriculture?

a)

As a pesticide

b)

Cleans crops

c)

Water parks

d)

Irrigation

104.

Which of these is not a cause of water pollution?

a)

Chemical waste

b)

Fertilisers

c)

Burning fossil fuels

d)

Discarded rubbish

105.

Why is untreated (raw) sewage dangerous to aquatic ecosystems?

a)

It contains heavy metals

b)

It contains plastics which are not biodegradable

c)

It contains high quantities of the minerals needed for plant growth

106.

What do untreated (raw) sewage and fertilisers have in common?

a)

They encourage excessive growth of aquatic plants

b)

They are eaten by animals in the water

c)

They accumulate in the tissues of aquatic organisms

107.

Why does chemical waste need to be disposed of carefully?

a)

It encourages excessive plant growth

b)

It contains heavy metals which build up in the tissues of living organisms.

c)

It is not biodegradable

d)

It depletes the oxygen levels in the water

108.

When untreated sewage and fertilisers wash into water, which process results?

a)

Bioaccumulation

b)

Biomagnification

c)

Eutrophication

d)

Decomposition

109.

What causes depletion of oxygen during eutrophication?

a)

Excessive growth of plants on the surface

b)

Death of fish

c)

Death of plants beneath the surface

d)

Increase of animals eating surface plants.

110.

What is a consequence of oxygen depletion during eutrophication?

a)

Excessive growth of plants on the surface

b)

Death of fish

c)

Death of plants under the surface

d)

Increase in animals that eat surface plants.

111.

What is the biggest danger to humans of discarded rubbish?

a)

Plastics break apart into smaller and smaller pieces

b)

Animals eat it and it accumulates in their stomachs

c)

Animals get stuck or tangled up in it and suffocate

d)

We're running out of space in landfill

112.

What happens to plastics that are discarded in rubbish?

a)

They become microplastics

b)

They are eaten by animals, which are then eaten by humans

c)

They slowly build up (accumulate) in the food chain

d)

They encourage growth of aquatic plants

113.

What would be an effective way to reduce plastic pollution?

a)

Sell plastic waste to countries that need the money

b)

Fine people who do not use litter bins

c)

Reduce the amount of single-use items we use

d)

Cover landfill sites so that plastics do not blow into the ocean

114.

How can governments prevent disposal of chemical waste into water?

a)

Ensure that businesses know what constitutes chemical waste and how to dispose of it safely

b)

Check water quality in areas close to industrial plants

c)

Research and implement alternatives to chemical processes that produce dangerous waste

d)

Make it illegal for factories to produce chemical waste

115.

As individuals, which of the four causes of water pollution do we have the most power to change?

a)

Chemical waste

b)

Fertilisers

c)

Untreated sewage

d)

Discarded rubbish

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