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Worksheets

Standard 4 (up to Immigration)

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What industry was greatly impacted by the development of railroads in the late 19th century?  
a)
Meat
b)
Steel 
c)
Cotton 
d)
Oil
2.
Who were the majority of workers during the building of the Transcontinental Railroad? 
a)
African American slaves  
b)
White colonists 
c)
War veterans
d)
Chinese immigrants  
3.
What is nativism? 
a)
  Belief that immigrants posed a threat to native-born Americans
b)
Love for native American Indians
c)
Belief that only native-born Americans have the right to vote
d)
Pride in your country 
4.
Which explains horizontal integration? 
a)
Dividing up business in an area and set high prices which eliminates competition and keeps prices high. 
b)
Group of companies that are part of the overall manufacturing process controlled by one board of directors
c)
Business has complete control over other similar or closely related businesses.
d)
Smaller businesses controlling a small area of the country 
5.

What kind of fears are reflected in the political cartoon?

a)

communist fears of the free market

b)

fears of international terrorism

c)

fears of presidential scandals

d)

nativist fears of immigrants

6.

The idea that business should be free from government regulation best represents which system?

a)

Social Darwinism

b)

capitalism

c)

laissez-faire

d)

socialism

7.

Why do some historians label John D Rockefeller and other big businessmen of the Gilded Age as "Robber Barons"?

a)

They mimicked the lifestyles of medieval lords.

b)

Many owned large estates in the western part of the country.

c)

Some stole large sums of money from the federal treasury.

d)

They were ruthless competitors who cheated and exploited workers.

8.

How did the ideas of Social Darwinism impact the economic culture of the United States in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

a)

It justified the growth of large businesses at the expense of smaller businesses.

b)

It promoted the use of government programs to improve the situation for poor citizens.

c)

It led to the formation of labor unions as a way to improve working conditions.

d)

It led to support for a private school system to give wealthy children the best education.

9.

What was a result of the Homestead Act and the Continental Railroad?

a)

The decline of the Plains Indians

b)

The completion of the Erie Canal

c)

More immigrants settling in the North.

d)

Crowded Cites.

10.

Attitude the government had toward big business during the late 1800s. "hands off"

a)

Laissez Faire

b)

Monopoly

c)

Social Darwinism

d)

Trust

11.

Used the Bessemer Process to make steel more efficiently and less expensive.

a)

Rockefeller

b)

Carnegie

c)

Bryan

d)

Morgan

12.

Promoted settlement in the West and had a huge impact on the coal and steel industry.

a)

Transcontinental Railroad

b)

National Road

c)

Erie Canal

d)

I-90

13.

Andrew Carnegie's attempt to own every necessary to produce steel and manufacture steel.

a)

Horizontal Integration

b)

Bimetallism

c)

Vertical Integration

d)

Trust Integration

14.

The Gospel of Wealth said Rich people had

a)

would set quotas

b)

a duty to help the poor

c)

bimetallism

d)

more money than Rockefeller

15.

How did government policies such as the Homestead Act lead to further expansion of the American West? (4.1)

a)

They created policies for the organization and development of new states

b)

It provided free or cheap land to settlers willing to utilize western land

c)

It prioritized industrial leaders to build factories and manufacturing centers in the west

d)

The government offered tax cuts and other legal benefits to companies and workers who moved west

16.

Which of the following most impacted the growth of railroads in the second half of the nineteenth century? (4.2)

a)

The Dawes Severalty Act

b)

Government land subsidies to railroad companies

c)

The leadership of captains of industry who used private money to fund the railroad

d)

Increased tariffs and trade regulations that funneled money to railroad companies

17.

Why did the U.S. government generally support open immigration policies in the late 1800s? (4.2)

a)

Most immigrants came seeking refuge from war-torn European countries

b)

Industry leaders needed continued access to a large, cheap labor force

c)

Immigrants allowed for the population of smaller western states to grow

d)

The government needed the increased tax revenue to pay off the national debt

18.

An economic system characterized by private ownership of property and the use of that property to make a profit is called (4.3)

a)

Capitalism

b)

Communism

c)

Socialism

d)

Republicanism

19.

Large corporations that emerge to dominate one industry are known as (4.3)

a)

Institutions

b)

Board of Trustees

c)

Monopolies

d)

Cartels

20.

The primary difference between vertical and horizontal integration methods of business is (4.3)

a)

Vertical integration deals with domestic products while horizontal deals with foreign products

b)

Horizontal integration can only be used for agricultural products

c)

Vertical integration monopolizes the levels of production while horizontal integration monopolizes competition

d)

Horizontal integration was viewed as illegal by the U.S. government while vertical integration was upheld in the Supreme Court

21.

How did newly developed technologies affect daily lives for farmers in the late nineteenth century? (4.4)

a)

Farmers were untouched by mechanical advancement

b)

Farming became more mechanized and demanded technological investment from farmers

c)

Most farms were converted into industrial centers specializing in mechanically farmed crops

d)

Farmers struggled to compete with factory made products

22.

The idea that economic preference should be given to born Americans over immigrants is referred to as (4.4)

a)

Social Darwinism

b)

Nativism

c)

Laissez Faire

d)

Muckraking

23.

Who would most likely support William Jennings Bryan in the election of 1896?

a)

a government official in Georgia

b)

a farmer in Kansas who supported bimetalism

c)

a merchant in New York

d)

an industrial worker in Pennsylvania

24.

Which best explains the popularity of bimetallism for Midwest farmers?

a)

They believed it would lead to an inflation of the United States currency.

b)

They believed it would increase the value of the United States dollar.

c)

They hoped it would increase the silver mining business in Colorado.

d)

They felt it would prevent President Cleveland's re-election.

25.

Which of the following was a negative effect of mechanized farming during the late 1800s?

a)

More difficult farming techniques

b)

Enabled farmers to produce products more efficiently

c)

Overproduction, which led to falling farming prices

d)

Underproduction, which led to inflation

26.

Read the statement below:

 “Since transportation is a public necessity, the government should own and operate the railroads in the public interest.”

 Which third party held beliefs most similar to those expressed by the quote?

a)

Know-Nothing

b)

Greenback

c)

Populist

d)

Bull Moose

27.

The "Cross of Gold" speech, which is depicted in the cartoon above, was a Populist initiative promoting what?

a)

Hard money, based on the gold standard

b)

Deflation, in order to raise farm prices

c)

Bimetallism, which based money on gold and silver

d)

Muckraking, to expose the corruption of big business

28.

Which idea of the late 1800s is MOST closely associated with the cartoon above?

a)

Regulated Capitalism

b)

Social Darwinism

c)

Gospel of Wealth

d)

Graduated income taxes

29.

Why did farmers want the coinage of silver(bimetallism)?

a)

to have more money in circulation to pay their bills

b)

to get rid of the gold standard

c)

so they could not use paper money

d)

to have more credit available to buy more land

30.

What name was given to former slaves, who migrated to the western plains, looking to escape the violent white backlash in the South, following Reconstruction?

a)

Homesteaders

b)

Exodusters

c)

Settlers

d)

Pioneers

31.

How did the Populist Party view the concept of laissez-faire economics?

a)

They supported laissez-faire economics because it promoted competition

b)

They supported laissez-faire economics because it reinforced the gold standard.

c)

They opposed laissez-faire economics because they wanted more government regulations

d)

They opposed laissez-faire economics because farmers benefitted most from a free economy

32.

Which of the following were results of industrialization in the United States?

a)

Growing difference in wealth

b)

Exploitation of workers

c)

Attempts to close the Western frontier

d)

Development of Tenement Housing

33.

Why did the new immigrants of the late 1800s experience more discrimination than those of the early 1800s?

a)

Most of them came from the Anglo-Saxon regions of Northern and Western Europe

b)

They spoke unfamiliar languages, brought new cultural traditions, and lacked valuable labor skills

c)

Most of them settled in rural areas, taking agricultural jobs away from American citizens

d)

They easily adjusted to life in America and quickly took control of local political parties

34.

The passage above BEST represents the struggles of which of the following groups

a)

Rural sharecroppers in former Confederate states

b)

Women living in the West who were subject to voting laws

c)

Immigrants who lived in urban ethnic neighborhoods

d)

Factory workers who were not allowed to join unions

35.

“Long ago it was said that "one half of the world does not know how the other half lives." That was true then. It did not know because it did not care. The half that was on top cared little for the struggles, and less for the fate of those who were underneath, so long as it was able to hold them there and keep its own seat.

- Jacob Riis, How The Other Half Lives

 Which group of people is the above quote and image MOST LIKELY referring to?

a)

African American sharecroppers

b)

Immigrants living in urban tenements

c)

Chinese and Irish railroad workers living in tent villages

d)

Populist protestors camped outside the White House

36.

The Battle of Wounded Knee, the passage of the Dawes Act, and the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad are most closely associated with which of the following?

a)

Creation of western cities

b)

The downfall of Native American culture

c)

The growth of agriculture development in the west

d)

The increased amount of land given to settlers

37.

Why did reformers of the early 1900s frequently attack political machines?

a)

The machines denied voting rights to the poor

b)

The machines accepted bribes in return for favors

c)

The machines wasted money on military spending

d)

The machines discriminated against migrant workers

38.

During the Gilded Age why were Farmers having a hard time earning a living?

a)

Railroads overcharged them

b)

Too many farms unionized

c)

Agricultural prices were rising

d)

Agricultural output was declining

39.

Which of the following BEST contributed to the 1912 Election of Woodrow Wilson

a)

Wilson promised to raise tariffs and lower anti-trust laws

b)

His party was openly opposed to a federal income tax.

c)

The Republican and Democratic parties joined forces against the Free Soilers

d)

The Republican vote had been split between Progressive and Conservative Party members

40.

What was the MAIN reason the Chinese Exclusion Act was supported

a)

The US wanted to retaliate against Chinese attacks

b)

Leaders wanted to stop Chinese Religious influence

c)

Political and economic leaders wanted to reduce competition from Chinese laborers

d)

West coast leaders wanted to stop opium smuggling

41.

True or False: The Indian Citizenship act ended the Reservation System for Native Americans.

a)

True

b)

False

42.

The one thing Booker T Washington and WEB Dubois agreed on:

a)

Education

b)

Unions

c)

Immediate respect

d)

Vocational training

43.

Which of the following is the best definition of the Convict Lease System?

a)

State governments rented out prisoners to private companies

b)

Federal prisons paid felons to build infrastructure projects

c)

State government leaders leased out prison property to private companies

d)

Convicted murderers were sent to uninhabited islands along the Atlantic Coast

44.

Why were the Pullman railcar strike and Homestead steel strike unsuccessful?

a)

They showed the Government only supported Business Owners

b)

Most workers refused to take part

c)

The court ruled the strikes were illegal

d)

Factory owners hired children to replace them

45.

A women's rights activist would most likely support:

a)

Ratification of the 19th amendment

b)

Repeal of the 18th amendment

c)

Laissez-faire economics

d)

Poll taxes

46.

Which of the following would MOST likely be used as a strikebreaker?

a)

Unskilled laborers

b)

Native Americans

c)

Muckrakers

d)

Political Machines

47.

A union leader would most likely support

a)

Collective Bargaining

b)

Child labor

c)

Lockouts

d)

Laissez faire economics

48.

What is a political by-product of Ellis Island as immigrants arrived?

a)

Nativist groups, such as the KKK, infused hostility within the Democratic Party

b)

Immigrants were welcomed by political machines in return for their votes

c)

Theodore Roosevelt was easily elected President due to his support of muckrakers

d)

Nativism strongly impacted pro-immigration policies

49.

What was another reason Congress passed this act in 1862?

a)

To promote settlement in the west

b)

To protect industry in the Northeast

c)

To improve transportation in the South

d)

To transport manufactured goods to the east

50.

Which statement best completes the list above?

a)

Congress passed tariffs on imported beef

b)

Most of the cowboys on cattle drives were European immigrants

c)

The cattle industry was nationalized under the Department of Agriculture

d)

The railroad and meatpacking industries ended the need for cattle drives

51.

What was the purpose of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913?

a)

To limit private investment

b)

To promote financial stability after the panic of 1907

c)

To reduce competition among states

d)

To support stock speculation

52.

Nativism, economic problems on the West Coast, and controversy over lower wages all led to the passage of:

a)

The Chinese Exclusion Act

b)

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

c)

Voting Rights Act

d)

Homestead Act

53.

Which of the following best describes the "New Immigrants" of the late 19th and early 20th Centuries

a)

Northern and Western Europeans

b)

Southern and Eastern Europeans

c)

Mediterraneans from Europe, Africa, and Asia

d)

Asians and Latin Americans

54.

Which statement about Teddy Roosevelt is best supported by the picture

a)

Conservationism was a major goal for him

b)

President Roosevelt hunted big-game

c)

Preservation of Native American land and rights was a major goal for him

d)

He supported reclamation of land for agricultural use

55.

What was the primary purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act, the Sherman Antitrust Act, and the Clayton Antitrust Act?

a)

To eliminate unfair business practices

b)

To reduce imports from foreign nations

c)

To reduce the power of labor unions

d)

To increase the power of local governments

56.

True or False: Muckrakers were journalists who helped corrupt politicians and businesses.

a)

True

b)

False

57.

What was a MAJOR goal of the Progressive Movement?

a)

To stimulate the economy through tax returns

b)

To support government control of factor production

c)

To encourage immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe

d)

To correct the economic and social abuses of industrial society

58.

What was the purpose of poll taxes and literacy tests on African Americans?

a)

To prevent them from voting

b)

To limit their access to public facilities

c)

To block their educational opportunities

d)

To deny them economic advancement

59.

Which of the following were PRIMARY goals of President Theodore Roosevelt's trust-busting policies?

a)

Save the nation's banks and raise interest rates

b)

Encourage competition in business and protect consumers

c)

End the ability of unions to organize and use strikes to stop industrial production

d)

Give the government power over American industry and set price controls

60.

i.   Direct election of senators

ii.  Federal income tax

iii. National women's suffrage

iv. Prohibition of alcohol

Which heading should go in the blank to BEST complete the partial outline above

a)

Steps to promote civil rights

b)

Local and state laws

c)

Progressive Era Amendments

d)

Changes from the Reconstruction Er