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WorksheetsAP Psych: Personality - Unit 7, Part 2
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 2hrs 2mins
Personality is best defined as
a set of personal attitudes
an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
unpredictable responses to environmental stimuli
what others say about you
Which of the following places the greatest emphasis on the unconscious mind?
the humanistic perspective
the social-cognitive perspective
the trait perspective
the psychoanalytic perspective
Which of the following is the correct order of psychosexual stages propoosed by Freud?
oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
anal, oral, phallic, latency, genital
oral, anal, genital, latency, phallic
anal, oral, genital, latency, phallic
According to Freud, defense mechanisms are methods of reducing
anger
fear
anxiety
lust
Neo-Freudians such as Adler and Horney believed that
Freud placed too much emphasis on the conscious mind
Freud placed too great an emphasis on sexual and aggressive instincts
the years of childhood were more important in the formation of personality than Freud had indicated
Freud's ideas about the id, ego, and superego as personality structures were incorrect
Which of the two dimensions of personality have the Eysencks emphasized?
extraversion -introversion and emotional stability - instability
internal - external locus of control and extraversion - introversion
internal - external locus of control and emotional stability - instability
melancholic - phlegmatic and choleric - sanguine
The humanistic perspective on personality
emphasizes the driving force of unconscious motivations in personality
emphasizes the growth potential of "healthy" individuals
emphasizes the importance of interaction with the environment in shaping personality
describes personality in terms of scores on various personality scores
According to Rogers, three aspects are necessary to promote growth in personality. These are
honesty, sincerity, and empathy
high self-esteem, honesty, and empathy
high self-esteem, genuineness, and acceptance
genuineness, acceptance, and empathy
A major criticism of the trait theory is that is
places too great an emphasis on early childhood experiences
overestimates the consistency of behavior in different situations
underestimates the importance of heredity in personality development
places too great an emphasis on positive traits
For humanistic psychologists, many of our behaviors and perceptions are ultimately shaped by whether our ____ is ____ or ____
ego; strong; weak
locus of control; internal; external
personality structure; introverted; extraverted
self-concept; positive; negative
In studying personality, a trait theorist would MOST LIKELY
use a projective test
observe a person in a variety of situations
use a personality inventory
use the method of free association
Id is to ego and ___ is to ___
reality principle; pleasure principle
pleasure principle; reality principle
conscious forces; unconscious forces
conscience; "personality executive"
Which of the following is a major criticism of the social-cognitive perspective?
It focuses too much on early childhood experiences
It focuses too little on the inner traits of a person
It provides descriptions but not explanations
It lacks appropriate assessment techniques
Collectivist cultures
give priority to the goals of their groups
value the maintenance of social harmony
foster social interdependence
have all of these characteristics
the unconscious repository of instinctual drives
id
ego
superego
TAT test
In psychoanalytic theory, this is the conscious executive of personalty
id
ego
superego
displacement
In psychoanalytic theory, this is the personality structure that corresponds to a person's conscience
id
ego
superego
reaction formation
The defense mechanism that involves switching an unacceptable impulse into its opposite
reaction formation
rationalization
displacement
projection
The defense mechanism that involves providing self-justifying explanations for an action
reaction formation
rationalization
displacement
projection
A defense mechanism that involves redirecting impulses to a less threatening object
reaction formation
rationalization
displacement
projection
A statistical technique that identifies clusters of personality traits
rationalization
TAT test
projective tests
factor analysis
A defense mechanism that involves disguising an impulse by attributing it to another person
reaction formation
rationalization
displacement
projection
A projective test consisting of a set of ambiguous pictures
factor analysis
TAT test
MMPI
Rorschach
A test consisting of a series of inkblots
MMPI
Rorschach
TAT test
factor analysis
Which perspective on personality emphasizes the interaction between the individual and the environment in shaping personality?
psychoanalytic
trait
humanistic
social-cognitive
According to Freud's theory, personality arises in response to conflicts between
our unacceptable urges and our tendency to become self-actualized
the process of identification and the ego's defense mechanisms
the collective unconscious and our individual desires
our biological impulses and the social restraints against them
The _____ classifies people according to Carl Jung's personality types
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
MMPI
Locus of control scale
TAT
People who feel oppressed and so perceive control as external may develop
an internal locus of control
a reaction formation
learned helplessness
self-serving bias
Research has shown that individuals who are made to feel insecure are subsequently
more critical of others
less critical of others
more likely to display self-serving bias
less likely to display self-serving bias
Self-serving bias is best defined as
seeing yourself as average on nearly any personality dimension
accepting more responsibility for successes than failures
being overly critical of other people
exhibiting heightened racial prejudice
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a(n)
projective personality test
empirically derived and objective personality test
personality test developed mainly to assess job applicants
personality test used primarily to assess locus of control
Trait theory attempts to
show how development of personality is a lifelong process
describe and classify people in terms of their predispositions to behave in certain ways
determine which traits are most conducive to individual self-actualization
explain how behavior is shaped by the interaction between traits, behavior, and the environment
Which of the following statements about self-esteem is NOT correct?
People with low self-esteem tend to be negative about others
People with high self-esteem are less prone to drug addition
People with low self-esteem tend to be non-conformists
People with high self-esteem suffer less from insomnia
According to Freud, the Oedipus and Electra complexes form during the ____ stage.
anal
oral
latency
phallic
Which of the following is a common criticism of the humanistic perspective?
Its concepts are vague and subjective
The emphasis on the self encourages selfishness in individuals
Humanistic perspective fails to explain the reality of evil in human behavior
All of these are criticisms
To study personality, a social-cognitive theorist would MOST LIKELY make use of
personality inventories
projective tests
observing behavior in different situations
factor analysis
The Big Five personality factors are
extraversion, neuroticism, locus of control, sensitivity, self-serving bias
openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
MMPI, projective tests, self-actualization, self-transcendence, factor analysis
conscientiousness, instability, calmness, punctuality, spotlight effect
According to Freud, ___ is the process by which children incorporate their parents' values into their ___.
reaction formation; superegos
reaction formation; egos
identification; superegos
identification; egos
Which of the following refers to the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs?
the spotlight effect
projection
rationalization
the false consensus effect
To promote personality growth, the person-centered perspective emphasizes all but
empathy
acceptance
genuineness
altruism
The process in which children incorporate their parents' values into their developing superegos
projective test
preconscious
Oedipus complex
identification
According to Jung, this is the repository of universal memories. It helps explain why we see common themes in cultures across the world (ex: human origin stories, good v. evil, etc.)
collective unconscious
pleasure principle
projective test
identification
According to Freud, the ego operates on the ___ principle
preconscious
pleasure
reality
morality
Freud's proposed stages of development are the
psychosocial stages
cognitive stages
morality stages
psychosexual stages
According to Freud, the id demands immediate gratification and therefore acts on the ___ principle.
pleasure
reality
morality
superconscious
The interaction of behavior with personal and environmental factors is ______
personality inventories
projective tests
reciprocal determinism
collective unconscious
According to Freud, a boy's sexual desire toward the opposite-sex parent is a(n) _____.
Electra complex
projective test
reality principle
Oedipus complex
Mr. Minton believes that people are basically good and are endowed with self-actualizing tendencies. Mr. Minton is likely a proponent of
trait theory
psychodynamic theory
the humanistic perspective
the social-cognitive perspective
A psychoanalyst would characterize a person who is impulsive and self-indulgent as possessing a strong ___ and a weak ___.
id and ego; superego
id; ego and superego
ego; superego
id; superego
Because Ramona identifies with her politically conservative parents, she chose to enroll in a conservative school. After 4 years in this environment, Ramona's politics have become even more conservative. Which perspective best accounts for the mutual influences of Ramona's upbringing, choice of school, and political viewpoint?
psychoanalytic
trait
humanistic
social-cognitive
James attributes his failing grade in chemistry to an unfair final exam. His attitude exemplifies
internal locus of control
unconditional positive regard
self-serving bias
reciprocal determinism
The behavior of many people has been described in terms of the spotlight effect. This means that they
tend to see themselves as being above average in ability
perceive that their fate is determined by forces not under their personal control
overestimate the extent that other people are noticing them
accept more responsibility for successes than failures
A psychologist administered an empirically derived personality test to diagnose an emotionally troubled students. Which test did the psychologist MOST LIKELY administer?
the MMPI
the TAT
the Rorschach
the Locus of Control Scale
The personality test Teresa is taking involves her describing random patterns of dots. What type of test is she taking?
an empirically derived test
the MMPI
a personality inventory
a projective test
Mr. Gonzalez believes that most students can be classified as "Type A" or "Type B" according to the intensities of their personalities and competitiveness. Mr. Gonzalez is working within the ____ perspective.
psychoanalytic
trait
humanistic
social-cognitive
Isaiah is quiet and reserved; Rashid is fun-loving and affectionate. The Eysencks would say that Isaiah ____ and Rashid ____.
has an internal locus of control; has an external locus of control
has an external locus of control; has an internal locus of control
is an extravert; is an introvert
is an introvert; is an extravert
In high school, Britta and Debbie were best friends; they thought they were a lot alike. After high school, they went to 2 very different colleges, careers, and life courses. Now, at their 25th reunion, they are shocked at how little they have in common. Bandura would suggest their differences reflect the interactive effects of environment, personality, and behavior, which he refers to as
reciprocal determinism
personal control
identification
self-serving bias
Andrew's grandfather, who has lived a rich and productive life, is a spontaneous, loving, and self-accepting person. Maslow might say that he
has an internal locus of control
is an extravert
has resolved all the conflicts of the psychosexual stages
is a self-actualizing person
The school psychologist believes that having a positive self-concept is necessary before students can achieve their potential. Evidently, the school psychologists is working within the ___ perspective
psychoanalytic
trait
humanistic
social-cognitive
Suzy bought a used, high-mileage car because it was all she could afford. Attempting to justify her purchase, she raves to her friends about the car's attractiveness, good acceleration, and stereo. According to Freud, Suzy is using the defense mechanism of
displacement
reaction formation
rationalization
projection
Suzy bought a used, high-mileage car because it was all she could afford. Attempting to justify her purchase, she raves to her friends about the car's attractiveness, good acceleration, and stereo. According to Freud, Suzy is using the defense mechanism of
displacement
reaction formation
rationalization
projection
