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Biology Final Exam Practice

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The movement of particles down a concentration gradient from high to low is called diffusion.

a)

True

b)

False

2.

tRNA brings in the correct anti codon and leaves behind the corresponding ______________________________.

a)

DNA

b)

Gene

c)

Amino Acid

3.

DNA is a (a)   helix model while RNA is single stranded.

4.

Both cytosine and thymine are Purines.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

The central dogma of Biology is:

a)

Replication, Transcription and Translation are the three main processes used by all cells to maintain their genetic information and to convert the information, encoded in DNA, into gene products- either RNA or proteins.

b)

All cells come from other cells

c)

Darwin's theory of evolution

6.

The two Pyrimidines in DNA are __________________________________________________.

a)

cytosine and thymine

b)

cytosine and uracil

c)

adenine and guanine

7.

mRNA leaves the nucleus of the cell and head into the cytoplasm where it is read by the ____________________________.

a)

mitochondria

b)

telomeres

c)

ribosomes

8.

Uncontrolled cell division is also called __________________________.

a)

trimosy

b)

cancer

c)

alzheimers

9.

DNA replication occurs during which stage of the cell cycle?

a)

G-0

b)

S-Phase

c)

G-1

10.

Which stage of mitosis is represented by the image?

a)

anaphase

b)

telophase

c)

interphase

11.

Is mRNA synthesized during transcription or translation?

a)

translation

b)

transcription

12.

The plasma membrane of the cell contains channels that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels made of?

a)

Carbonhydrates

b)

lipids

c)

protiens

13.

During this stage of the cell cycle, centrioles and spindle fibers appear in the cytoplasm, the nucleus disapears and DNA condenses into chromosomes.

a)

interphase

b)

phrophase

c)

telophase

14.

Energy is released for a cell to use when ATP breaks off a _____________________ group.

a)

nitrogen

b)

energy

c)

phrophase

15.

The building blocks of nucleic acids are _________________________________.

a)

nucleotides

b)

amino acids

c)

lipids

16.

Which term refers to the actual splitting of the cell during cell division?

a)

interphase

b)

cytokenesis

c)

telophase

17.

During the G-0 stage a cell is ____________________________.

a)

continuously growing

b)

at rest

c)

dividing

18.

G-1, S and G-2 are all sub phases of which part of the cell cycle?

a)

phrophase

b)

metaphase

c)

interphase

19.

Please provide the complementary mRNA pairings for the following DNA sequence:


CAGGAATTGCTCG

(a)  

20.

Which molecules form the backbone of the DNA molecule?

a)

nitrogen and sugar

b)

sugar and phosphate

c)

nitrogen and hydrogen

21.

Please provide the complementary DNA base pairings for the following strand of DNA


ATGGTAGCTAA

(a)  

22.

A nucleotide consists of phosphate, sugar and an amino acid.

a)

True

b)

False

23.

During this phase of the cell cycle the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and prepare to be pulled apart.

a)

metaphase

b)

anaphase

c)

prophase

24.

The enzyme which adds nucleotide subunits to the strand of new mRNA and spell checks for code errors is known as ___________________________.

a)

polymerase

b)

telomeres

c)

centrioles

25.

What type of bond holds the nitrogen bases together in the middle of the DNA strand?

a)

covalent bonds

b)

polar covalent

c)

hydrogen bonds

26.

The DNA in eukaryotic cells can be found in the nucleus.

a)

True

b)

False

27.

Which phase is the longest part of the cell cycle?

a)

Prophase

b)

Cytokensis

c)

interphase

28.

What are the reasons that cells divide?

a)

to repair or replace damaged cells

b)

to avoid becoming to large

c)

to reproduce

d)

all of the above

29.

What are the reasons that cells divide?

a)

deoxyribose

b)

glucose

c)

ribose

30.

Small round balls of protein around which DNA coils itself for organization are called ____________________________.

a)

tRNA

b)

purines

c)

histones

31.

If a cell contains a nucleus then it must be a ____________.

a)

electrons

b)

eukaryotic cell

c)

prokaryotic cell

32.

Which best describes the structure of the cell membrane?

a)

carbohydrates sandwiched between two layers of phospholipids

b)

protein channels and cholesterol embedded in a double layer of phospholipids.

c)

a solid, impermeable wall.

33.

Which of the following equations best represents photosynthesis?

a)

C + O₂ + H₂O > CO₂ + HOH

b)

6CO₂ + 6H₂O + sunlight > C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

c)

C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ > 6CO₂+H₂O

34.

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

a)

It breaks down lipids, carbohydrates and proteins from food

b)

It regulates which materials can enter and leave the cell.

c)

It stores water, salt, proteins and carbohydrates.

35.

Which organelle is the storehouse for most of a cell's genetic information?

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

nucleus

36.

Proteins are secreted from the cell when a vessicle containing the proteins fuses with the plasma membrane and dumps its contents OUTSIDE the cell. This process is called _________________________________

a)

endocytosis

b)

exocytosis

c)

osmosis

37.

Which organelles are unique to plant cells?

a)

chloroplasts

b)

ribosomes

c)

vacuoles

38.
a)

Metaphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Anaphase

39.

Because the phospholipid molecules and some proteins are free to move, the plasma membrane is said to be a _______________________________.

a)

fluid mosaic model.

b)

solid wall

c)

fatty acid

40.

Each of the following is a main idea of the cell theory except ________.

a)

all organisms are composed of cells

b)

the cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms

c)

all cells are similar in structure and function

41.

The smallest basic unit of matter is the ___________.

a)

molecule

b)

atom

c)

cell

42.

The plasma membrane contains channels that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels made of?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

protiens

c)

creatine :)

43.

The atomic mass of an element is always equal to it's number of protons.

a)

True

b)

False

44.

If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be a(n) ________.

a)

plant cell

b)

eukaryotic cell

c)

animal cell

45.

In a water molecule, the oxygen atom has a slightly _____________ charge.

a)

positive

b)

ionic

c)

negative

46.

Humans are called autotrophic because our cells make their own food.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

We use two different dish soaps to clean the same dirty plate and then observe how clean the plate is. The two different dish soaps are our:

a)

dependent variables

b)

independent variables

c)

constant

48.

Diffusion is the net movement of molecules from

a)

an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

b)

an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

c)

an area of equilibrium to higher concentration.

49.

What is the name of the process that breaks glucose down to be used in cellular respiration?

a)

fermentation

b)

electron transfer

c)

glycolysis

50.

Which phrase best describes the function of the ATP molecule?

a)

stores energy

b)

carries energy

c)

absorbs energy

51.

The process by which autotrophs use energy from sunlight to build carbohydrates is called _______________________________.

a)

cellular respiration

b)

ATP

c)

photosynthesis

52.

Animals cells do not have a cell wall.

a)

True

b)

False

53.

Which of the following inventions led to the discovery of cells?

a)

Calculator

b)

Microscope

c)

electricity

54.

If a substance has a high H ion concentration then we say it is a base.

a)

True

b)

False

55.

Which of the following is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons?

a)

element

b)

compound

c)

ion

56.

Who used a compound microscope to see chambers within cork and named them "cells"?

a)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

b)

Robert Hooke

c)

Joe Biden

57.

Cells store energy when _________.

a)

the third phosphate group breaks off from an ATP molecule

b)

they break down sucrose to glucose and fructose

c)

a third phosphate group is bonded to an ATP molecule

58.

Which of the following organisms do not have cell walls?

a)

fungi

b)

animals

c)

bacteria

59.

What are the basic building blocks of proteins?

a)

amino acids

b)

fatty acids

c)

nucleic acids

60.

Energy is released from ATP when the bond is broken between ____________.

a)

two phosphate groups

b)

adenine and ribose

c)

ribose and a phosphate group

61.

Atoms in molecules share pairs of electrons when they form ___________.

a)

covalent bonds

b)

ionic bonds

c)

hydrogen bonds

62.

Which of these cells would you expect to have the largest number of mitochondria?

a)

blood cells

b)

muscle cells

c)

skin cells

63.

Normal atoms have a positive charge.

a)

True

b)

False

64.

The smallest particle of a substance that still retains the properties of that substance is an _____________.

a)

atom

b)

molecule

c)

compound

65.

In which type of mixture are the parts unevenly mixed?

a)

homogeneous

b)

heterogeneous

c)

compound

66.

Electrons have very little mass.

a)

True

b)

False

67.

Covalent bonds form when

a)

two molecules of water are joined together

b)

a molecule of water becomes an ion

c)

two hydrogen atoms share electrons with one oxygen atom.

68.

The _________________ of an atom are found outside of the nucleus in orbitals or valence shells.


Electron

a)

True

b)

False

69.

A substance that is only composed of one type of atom is called a __________________________.

a)

compound

b)

molecule

c)

element

70.

Acidic solutions have a pH that is _____________________.

a)

less than 7

b)

more than 7

c)

exactly 7

71.

The nucleus of an atom is composed of

a)

protons and electrons

b)

protons and neutrons

c)

electrons only

72.

A substance with a pH of 6 is called an ________________.

a)

base

b)

acid

c)

neutral substance