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WorksheetsBiology Final Exam
Total questions: 73
Worksheet time: 37mins
A well-tested explanation that explains a lot of observations is
a hypothesis.
an inference.
a theory.
a controlled experiment.
Which of the following characteristics of living things best explains why some North American birds fly south for the winter?
Living things respond to their environment.
Living things maintain internal balance.
Living things are made up of units called cells.
Living things are based on a universal genetic code.
The process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
homeostasis.
evolution.
metabolism.
photosynthesis.
Who used a compound microscope to see chambers within cork and named them “cells”?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Hooke
Matthias Schleiden
Rudolf Virchow
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory?
Cells are the basic units of life.
All living things are made of cells.
Very few cells are able to reproduce.
All cells are produced from existing cells.
Which of the following enclose their DNA in a nucleus?
prokaryotes
bacteria
eukaryotes
viruses
Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?
stores DNA
stores sugars
builds proteins
packages proteins
Which organelle breaks down organelles that are no longer useful?
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrion
Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use?
chloroplast
Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrion
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
mitochondrion
ribosome
chloroplast
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
You will NOT find a cell wall in which of these kinds of organisms?
plants
animals
fungi
bacteria
Which of the following structures serves as the cell’s boundary from its environment?
mitochondrion
cell membrane
chloroplast
channel protein
Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?
breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods
stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates
keeps the cell wall in place
regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell
Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
diffusion
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
active transport
Which of the following is an example of an organ?
heart
epithelial tissue
digestive system
nerve cell
Which list represents the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from the simplest level to the most complex level?
cell, tissue, organ system, organ
organ system, organ, tissue, cell
tissue, organ, organ system, cell
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
What happens during photosynthesis?
Heterotrophs consume ATP.
Heterotrophs produce ATP.
Autotrophs consume carbohydrates.
Autotrophs produce carbohydrates.
Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis by absorbing
high-energy sugars.
chlorophyll a.
chlorophyll b.
sunlight.
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll
absorbs green light.
absorbs violet light.
reflects green light.
reflects violet light.
Which of the following is NOT found in the overall reaction for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide
water
light
nitrogen
In the overall equation for photosynthesis, six molecules of carbon dioxide and six molecules of water result in a molecule of sugar and six molecules of
glucose.
water.
oxygen.
ATP.
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
food molecules.
ATP.
carbon dioxide.
water.
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
chloroplasts.
cytoplasm.
mitochondria.
nuclei.
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
cell division.
metaphase.
interphase.
mitosis.
An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction
takes less time
requires more time
provides genetic diversity
produces identical offspring
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
only during interphase
only when they are being replicated
only during cell division
only during the G1 phase
When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated?
G1 phase
G2 phase
S phase
M phase
The structures labeled B in Figure 10–5 are called
centromeres.
centrioles.
sister chromatids.
spindles.
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
prophase
telophase
metaphase
anaphase
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
What is the role of the spindle fibers during mitosis?
They help separate the chromosomes.
They break down the nuclear membrane.
They duplicate the DNA.
They make the chromosomes visible.
One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have
centrioles.
centromeres.
a cell plate.
chromatin.
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
size.
spindle fibers.
growth rate.
surface area.
Cancer cells form masses of cells called
tumors.
cyclins.
growth factors.
p53.
The different forms of a gene are called
traits.
pollinations.
alleles.
hybrids.
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be
hybrid.
homozygous.
heterozygous.
dominant.
In the Punnett square shown in Figure 11–1, which of the following is true about the offspring resulting from the cross?
About half are expected to be short.
All are expected to be short.
About three fourths are expected to be tall.
All are expected to be tall.
Gregor Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to
plants only.
animals only.
pea plants only.
all organisms.
The arctic fox is blue-gray in the summer and white in the winter. What most likely influence(s) this change?
genes and the environment
dominant alleles
the environment alone
codominant alleles
What is shown in Figure 11–4?
independent assortment
anaphase I of meiosis
crossing-over
replication
A tetrad consists of
a homologous pair of chromosomes, each made of two chromatids.
the four copies of a chromosome that are normally present in cells.
two sister chromatids that have each been replicated during interphase.
a parental chromosome that was replicated to form a pair, then replicated again.
What stores information in a cell?
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
DNA
What happens when a piece of DNA is missing?
Genetic information is stored.
Genetic information is copied.
Genetic information is lost.
Genetic information is transmitted.
Which scientist(s) figured out that the shape of a DNA molecule is a double helix?
Hershey and Chase
Griffith
Watson and Crick
Franklin
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
TCGAAC.
GATCCA.
AGCTTG.
GAUCCA.
RNA contains the sugar
ribose.
deoxyribose.
glucose.
lactose.
Which nucleotide in Figure 13–1 indicates the nucleic acid above is RNA?
uracil
guanine
cytosine
adenine
Which of the following is true?
RNA is usually single-stranded.
DNA is usually single-stranded.
DNA contains uracil.
RNA contains thymine.
From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed?
tRNA
rRNA
DNA
proteins
What happens during translation?
Messenger RNA is made from a DNA code.
The cell uses a messenger RNA code to make proteins.
Transfer RNA is made from a messenger RNA code.
Copies of DNA molecules are made.
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called
economy.
modeling.
recycling.
ecology.
Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
Communities make up species, which make up populations.
Populations make up species, which make up communities.
Species make up communities, which make up populations.
Species make up populations, which make up communities.
How do most primary producers make their own food?
by using light energy to make carbohydrates
by using chemical energy to make carbohydrates
by changing water into carbon dioxide
by breaking down remains to make carbon dioxide
What animals eat both producers and consumers?
herbivores
omnivores
chemotrophs
autotrophs
Which is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population in a specific ecosystem?
average temperature of the ecosystem
type of soil in the ecosystem
number and kinds of predators in the ecosystem
concentration of oxygen in the ecosystem
Based on their names, you know that the baboons Papio annubis and Papio cynocephalus do NOT belong to the same
class.
family.
genus.
species.
Animals that are warm-blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for their young are grouped in the class
Amphibia.
Mammalia.
Aves.
Reptilia.
The work of scientists usually begins with
testing a hypothesis.
careful observations.
creating experiments.
drawing conclusions.
What are the smallest objects that biologists study?
cells
body organs
molecules
organisms
Information gathered from observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period is called
inferences.
variables.
hypotheses.
data.
The algae at the beginning of the food chain in Figure 3–1 are
primary consumers.
decomposers.
primary producers.
heterotrophs.
A model of the complex feeding interactions among organisms in a community from producers to decomposers is called a
food web.
ecosystem.
food chain.
population.
Which of the following is a food chain in the food web shown in Figure 3–4?
tree, rabbit, hawk, snake
grass, grasshopper, snake, hawk
grass, caterpillar, robin, hawk
tree, deer, mountain lion, fox
Polar bears live in the arctic. The arctic is their
niche.
habitat.
tolerance.
microclimate.
What would happen if the population of the bird species shown in the ecosystem in Figure 4–1 were to suddenly decrease?
The grass population would increase.
The fish population would increase.
The fish would occupy the birds’ niche.
The grass and fish would compete for resources.
The graph in Figure 5–1 shows the growth of a bacterial population. Which of the following correctly describes the growth curve?
logistic
limiting
demographic
exponential
Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a prokaryote. How do you know?
The cell lacks cytoplasm.
The cell lacks a cell membrane.
The cell lacks a nucleus.
The cell lacks genetic material.
Which organelles are involved in energy conversion?
mitochondria and chloroplasts
mitochondria and ribosomes
smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus and chloroplasts
During which phase in the cell cycle does mitosis happen?
G1 phase
G2 phase
M phase
S phase
According to Figure 14–1, what is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female?
10%
25%
50%
75%
Human males have
one X chromosome only.
two X chromosomes.
one X and one Y chromosome.
two Y chromosomes.
In a pedigree, such as the one in Figure 14–4, a circle represents a(an)
male.
female.
child.
adult.
Based on your observations, you suggest that the presence of water could accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is
a conclusion.
a hypothesis.
an experiment.
an analysis.
