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Test 2 Laws of Universal Laws

Total questions: 130

Worksheet time: 2hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How is the gravitational force between to objects related to their mass

a)

They are directly proportional

b)

They are inversely proportional

c)

They do not affect each other

d)

They are equal

2.

Every two objects with mass have a(n) ___ force attracting them together.

a)

gravitation

b)

electrical

c)

spring

d)

friction

3.

The Universal Gravitation Law is true ___.

a)

everywhere

b)

only on earth

c)

only in our solar system

d)

only in the Milky Way Galaxy

4.
Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)
a)
circle
b)
ellipse
c)
focus
d)
perihelion
5.
An ellipse is drawn around two points called
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
c)
foci
d)
axis
6.
When a planet orbits the Sun, one of the foci of the elliptical orbit is 
a)
the axis
b)
the perihelion
c)
the center
d)
the Sun
7.
The place where a planet is closest to the Sun as it orbits the Sun is called the
a)
perihelion
b)
aphelion
8.
The place where a planet is farthest away from the Sun in its orbit around the Sun is called the
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
9.
Where is the planet moving faster
a)
Position A to B
b)
Position B to C
c)
Position H to I
d)
Position I to J
10.
What is true about the area between points A, B and the Sun, and the area between points H, I and the Sun?
a)
The area between A, B and the Sun is the largest.
b)
The area between H, I and the Sun is the largest
c)
Both areas are equal in size
d)
There is not enough information to determine the areas
11.
What has an eccentricity of zero
a)
a straight line
b)
a large ellipse
c)
a circle
d)
a small ellipse
12.
Kepler's 2nd Law deals with 
a)
the shape of the planets' orbits
b)
the speed/area the planet travels 
c)
the length of time it takes the planet to orbit the sun
13.
A planet moves __________ when it is farthest from the sun.
a)
faster
b)
slower
14.
The farther away a planet is from the sun, the _______ it takes it to orbit the sun once. 
a)
longer
b)
shorter
15.
The path a planet travels around the sun is called its 
a)
orbit
b)
ellipse
c)
barycenter
d)
precession
16.
Complete the following statement: The farther away two planets are the _______ the gravitational force between them.
a)
greater
b)
same
c)
zero
d)
less
17.
Kepler's first law states that the orbits of the planets are oval in shape or 
a)
ellipses
b)
perfect circles
18.
What is inertia?
a)
amount of atoms
b)
amount of gravitational pull
c)
the size
d)
resistance to a change in motion
19.
Which term describes when the Earth spins on its axis.
a)
Rotation
b)
Revolution
c)
Kepler's Laws
d)
Precession
20.
Which term describes the time it takes for Earth to complete one circle around the sun.
a)
Rotation
b)
Revolution
c)
Kepler's 1st Law
d)
Barycenter
21.
Earth's orbit follows an elliptical path.
a)
Kepler's 1st law
b)
Kepler's 2nd law
c)
Kepler's 3rd law
d)
Nutation
22.
When Earth orbits around the sun, it slows down when it is close to the sun. It speeds up its orbit when it is further from the sun. This is because the sun's gravity is stronger when you are closer to it.
a)
Kepler's 1st law
b)
Kepler's 2nd law
c)
Kepler's 3rd law
d)
Nutation
23.

According to the Heliocentric Model of the Universe, _____________ is at the center of our Solar System with the planets revolving around it.

a)

Earth

b)

The Sun

c)

Jupiter

d)

Helios

24.

The diagram below shows a moon revolving around a planet in an elliptical orbit. At which position is the moon traveling fastest?

a)

location 1

b)

location 2

c)

location 3

d)

location 4

25.

A year on Jupiter is 4,344 days long. This tells you how long it takes

a)

Jupiter to orbit the sun.

b)

Jupiter to rotate one time on its axis.

c)

the sun to orbit Jupiter.

d)

Earth to orbit Jupiter.

26.

Which planet will take the least amount of time to revolve around the Sun?

a)

Mercury

b)

Venus

c)

Earth

d)

Mars

27.

An orbit with the eccentricity of 0.9 would have more of a(n) __________ shaped orbit.

a)

spherical

b)

elongated

c)

circular

d)

spiral

28.

The value of eccentricity can range from ________ to ________.

a)

0.1 to 0.9

b)

-1 to 0

c)

0 to 100

d)

0 to 1

29.

What effect does increasing the distance between an ellipse’s foci have on the shape of an ellipse?

a)

Increases eccentricity

b)

Decreases eccentricity

c)

no effect

30.

Which statement best describes Kepler’s 3rd Law of Planetary Motion?​

a)

The closer a planet is to the sun, the shorter the orbital period is.

b)

Planetary orbits are in the shape of an ellipse

c)

The closer a planet is to its star, the lesser its orbital velocity.

31.

An orbital period is the time (in Earth time) a planet _______________ .​

a)

to complete one orbit around the sun

b)

revolves around the solar system

c)

Experiences a season

32.
Where is Earth in its orbit at #1 in this picture?
a)
perigee
b)
apogee
c)
perihelion
d)
aphelion
33.
The Sun is at one focus as the Earth orbits around it.  What is at the other focus?
a)
The Moon
b)
Jupiter
c)
Pluto
d)
Nothing
34.

Kepler's Third Law states that p2 = a3, when p is the orbital period (measured in Earth years) and a is the semimajor axis (measured in AU). If an unknown planet's orbital period (p value) is 5 Earth years, what is its semimajor axis (measured in AU)?

a)

5

b)

2.92

c)

125

d)

25

35.

Ptolemy used epicycles to explain the motions of the sun, moon, and planets in his ____ model of the solar system. that had everything orbiting Earth.

a)

heliocentric

b)

geocentric

c)

orrery

36.
The flattest ellipse before it becomes a line will have an eccentricity of _______.
a)
0
b)
.99
c)
1
d)
2
37.
Which diagram shows a planet with the least eccentric orbit?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
38.
Calculate the eccentricity for the following orbit. 
a)
1.6
b)
0.8
c)
0.6
d)
1.2
39.
Which orbit is most eccentric? 
a)
1
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
40.
What is eccentricity? 
a)
a measurement of how elliptical an orbit is. 
b)
a measurement of the distance between the planet and the sun
c)
a measurement of how long the planet takes to rotate around the sun
d)
none of these
41.
During which month is the earth moving the slowest? 
a)
July 
b)
March
c)
January
d)
September
42.
During what month is the earth moving the fastest around the sun? 
a)
July
b)
March
c)
January
d)
September
43.

What does a wave carry from place to place?

a)

energy

b)

matter

c)

people

44.

The highest point on a transverse wave is the

a)

compression

b)

crest

c)

rest position

d)

trough

45.

The lowest point on a transverse wave is the

a)

compression

b)

crest

c)

rest position

d)

trough

46.

The number of waves that pass somewhere in a second is:

a)

amplitude

b)

frequency

c)

wavelength

47.

A wave that can travel through matter and empty space is a:

a)

electromagnetic wave

b)

longitudinal wavy

c)

transverse wave

48.

#1 refers to the

a)

wavelength

b)

amplitude

c)

crest

d)

trough

49.

#2 refers to the

a)

wavelength

b)

amplitude

c)

crest

d)

trough

50.

#3 refers to the

a)

wavelength

b)

amplitude

c)

crest

d)

trough

51.

#4 refers to the

a)

wavelength

b)

amplitude

c)

crest

d)

trough

52.

What property of this wave is represented by the letter "A"

a)

amplitude

b)

crest

c)

trough

d)

wavelength

53.
What property of the wave is represented by the letter "B"?
a)
amplitude
b)
crest
c)
trough
d)
wavelength
54.
When the frequency of a wave increases, what happens to the wavelength?
a)
The wavelength is not directly affected by the frequency of a wave.
b)
The wavelength increases.
c)
The wavelength decreases.
d)
More specific information is needed to form a conclusion about the wavelength.
55.
Which wave in the diagram has the greatest frequency?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
56.
Which wave in the diagram has the greatest wavelength?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
57.

A wavelength is the distance between which 2 points?

a)

B and G

b)

A and C

c)

C and F

d)

A and H

58.

What is another name for wave height?

a)

Frequency

b)

Amplitude

c)

Wavelength

d)

Origin

59.

If a wave has a greater frequency, what happens to the wavelength?

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

60.

If a wave has a greater frequency, what happens to number of waves per second?

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

61.

What is the amplitude of this wave?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

6

d)

10

62.

What is the wavelength of this wave?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

63.

Frequency and period are closely related. Frequency is the inverse of period.

suppose the time from one crest to another (one crest to another is also known as "the period") is 5 seconds; what is the frequency?

Select the 2 that apply.

a)

.2

b)

1/5

c)

.5

d)

1/2

64.

One hertz is equal to:

a)

1 cycle per second

b)

1 amplitude

c)

1 frequency

d)

all the cycles in the wavelength

65.

Wavelength and Frequency are related in that...

a)

they are always the same

b)

when one increases, the other decreases (inversely proportional)

c)

there is no correlation

d)

they both vary in an irregular pattern

66.

True or False: Waves A and B have the same amplitude.

a)

True

b)

False

67.

Which property of the wave would change if you changed the amount of energy the wave had?

a)

amplitude

b)

frequency

c)

wavelength

d)

wave speed

68.

What is the visible spectrum?

a)

a. The part of light waves we can see

b)

b. The part of light waves we cannot see

c)

c. the whole electromagnetic spectrum

d)

d. the energy spectrum

69.

What color has the shortest wavelength and highest frequency?

a)

Violet

b)

Orange

c)

Red

d)

Blue

70.

Why do we see grass as green?

a)

Green light is absorbed

b)

Green light is reflected

71.

Review: What is the frequency of a wave?

a)

How fast the wave moves from one point to the next

b)

The time it takes for one wave to happen

c)

The length of a wave

d)

How many waves pass a fixed point in 1 second

72.

V=fλV=f\lambda  
If the frequency is 5 Hz and the wavelength is 2 m, then what is the wave's velocity?

a)

10 m/s

b)

5/2 m/s

c)

2/5 m/s

d)

7 m/s

73.

V=fλV=f\lambda   f=1Tf=\frac{1}{T}  
If the time period of a wave is 2 seconds and the wavelength is 4 m long, then what is the wave's velocity?

a)

2 m/s

b)

8 m/s

c)

1/2 m/s

74.

A wave has a frequency of 8 Hz and a speed of 32m/s meters. By using formula above, what is the wavelength of the wave?

a)

2 meter

b)

3 meter

c)

4 meter

d)

5 meter

75.

A wave with a large wavelength will have a ______ frequency and _____ energy

a)

high, low

b)

high, high

c)

low, high

d)

low, low

76.

What is the speed of light?

a)

3.0x108 ms

b)

3.0x108 m/s

c)

6.626x10-34 Js

d)

6.626x10-34 J/s

77.

A wave has a frequency of 10 hz and a wavelength of 4 m. What is the velocity of the wave?

a)

24 m/s

b)

40 m/s

c)

2.5 m/s

78.

A wave has a velocity of 10 m/s and a frequency of 20 hz. What is the wave length of the wave?

a)

2 m

b)

0.5 m

c)

10 m

79.

A wave has a frequency of 2.5 hz and a wavelength of 20 m. What is the velocity of the wave?

a)

50 m/s

b)

8 m/s

c)

40 m/s

80.

A wave has a velocity of 4 m/s and a wavelength of 2 m. What is the frequency of the wave?

a)

2 hz

b)

8 hz

c)

18 hz

81.

A wave has a velocity of 25 m/s and a frequency of 12.5 hz. What is the wave length of the wave?

a)

12 m

b)

5 m

c)

2 m

82.

A wave has a velocity of 25 m/s and a wavelength of 5 m. What is the frequency of the wave?

a)

2 hz

b)

5 hz

c)

125 hz

83.
_____________________light is the only type of EM wave detected by the human eye.
a)
Red
b)
Gamma
c)
Microwave
d)
Visible
84.
Velocity= ________
Wavelength= .5m
Frequency= 150 hertz
a)
.75 m/s
b)
75 m/s
c)
300 m/s
85.
Velocity= ________
Wavelength= .5m
Frequency= 150 hertz
a)
.75 m/s
b)
75 m/s
c)
300 m/s
86.
Velocity= 12 m/s
Wavelength= __________
Frequency= 600 hertz
a)
7200 m
b)
0.02 m
c)
612 m
87.
1.  A wave has frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 10 m. What is the speed of the wave?
a)
500 m/s
b)
50 m/s
c)
5 m/s
d)
0.5 m/s
88.

A wave has wavelength of 10 m and a speed of 340 m/s. What is the frequency of the wave?

a)

34 m/s

b)

34 hz

c)

3400 m/s

d)

3400 Hz

89.

The color of emitted light with the LONGEST wavelength is

a)

violet

b)

green

c)

red

d)

indigo

90.

The color of emitted light with the SHORTEST wavelength is

a)

violet

b)

green

c)

red

d)

indigo

91.

The color of emitted light with the HIGHEST frequency is

a)

violet

b)

green

c)

red

d)

indigo

92.

The color of emitted light with the LOWEST frequency is

a)

violet

b)

green

c)

red

d)

indigo

93.

The unknown emissions spectra belongs to the element

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Mercury

c)

Neon

d)

Sodium

94.

The unknown emissions spectra belongs to the element

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Mercury

c)

Neon

d)

Sodium

95.

State whether true or false.

Every element has its own unique atomic spectra.

a)

True

b)

False

96.

Each element on the periodic table can be identified by its

a)

classification as a solid, liquid or gas.

b)

location on the table.

c)

ability to react to form compounds.

d)

unique spectral "fingerprint."

97.

Which type of spectra produces, or emits, light of specific frequencies and has bright lines on a dark background?

a)

Absorption spectra

b)

Emission spectra

c)

Continuous spectra

98.

Which type of spectra measures the light that a gas absorbs and produces dark lines?

a)

Absorption spectra

b)

Emission spectra

c)

Continuous spectra

99.

Which three features can appear together in a single spectrum?

a)

Emission lines

b)

Absorption lines

c)

Continuum

d)

Temperature

100.

Aborption and emission spectra result when:

a)

the electrons of the atoms gain or lose energy

b)

the protons of the atoms gain or lose energy

c)

the light is emitted into space

101.

What is a photon?

a)

a picture

b)

a color

c)

a particle of light

102.

True or false: A continuous spectrum with no lines indicates the path of light is free from absorbing gases.

a)

true

b)

false

103.
What gases are in the unknown mixture?
a)
Gas B & Gas D
b)
Gas C & Gas B
c)
Gas A & Gas D
d)
Gas D & Gas C
104.
This unknown star contains 
a)
beryllium
b)
copper
c)
manganese
d)
strontium
105.

Which elements are in the mixture?

a)

A only

b)

D only

c)

Z only

d)

A and D

e)

D and Z

106.

A spectrum represents the specific parts of an object's

a)

sound

b)

light

c)

shape

107.
This picture is an example of a(n)...
a)
absorption spectrum
b)
emission spectrum
c)
continuous spectrum
d)
black body spectrum
108.

Which of the statements below is true for the emission spectra

a)

The emission is only in the visible region

b)

The peak intensity increases with temperature

c)

The peak intensity decreases with temperature

d)

The peak frequency decreases with temperature

e)

The peak wavelength increases with temperature

109.

Five emission spectra for five identical objects are shown in the figure below. the higest temp is for graph________________ and the object that has peak at lowest energy is _________

a)

A and B

b)

A and F

c)

B and F

d)

C and B

110.

Which of the following give off infrared radiation?

a)

people

b)

light bulbs

c)

stars

d)

teletubbies

e)

a heated / glowing stovetop burner

111.

(Q4) If you pointed an infrared sensor at the sun, would you be able to detect it? (Does the sun produces infrared energy?)

a)

Yes, we also feel the infrared energy as warmth on our skin.

b)

No.

112.

(Q5) If you pointed an ULTRAVIOLET sensor at the sun, would you be able to detect it? (Does the sun produces UVenergy?)

a)

Yes, that is why we get sunburns.

b)

No.

113.

An iron rod is heated. The colors at different temperatures are noted. Which of the following colors shows that the iron rod is at the lowest temperature?

a)

red

b)

orange

c)

white

d)

blue

114.

The radiations emitted by hot bodies are called as

a)

gamma radiations

b)

visible light

c)

blackbody radiations

d)

X- ray

115.

As a radiator, the black body emits the maximum possible thermal radiation

a)

at constant single wavelength

b)

at all wavelength

c)

at maximum wavelength

d)

none of the above

116.
A ______ telescope uses a mirror to focus light onto a small area.
a)
reflecting
b)
refracting
c)
radio
d)
spectrum
117.
What does Reflecting Telescope have?
a)
Lens
b)
Mirrors
c)
Bat ears
118.
What does Refracting Telescope have?
a)
Sand
b)
Mirrors
c)
Lens
d)
Batmobile 
119.
Which telescope bends light the most making distorted images? 
a)
Reflector
b)
Refractor
c)
Compound
120.
Electromagnetic radiation is simply known as 
a)
light
b)
refraction
c)
reflection
d)
time
121.
Who invented the telescope?
a)
Hans Lippershey
b)
Galileo Galilei
c)
John Snow
d)
Isaac Newton
122.
Who invented the telescope?
a)
Galileo
b)
Plato
c)
Ptolemy
d)
it's unknown
123.
What was Galileo's contribution to the telescope?
a)
He invented it
b)
He patented it
c)
He discovered it
d)
He promoted it
124.
This instrument can be thought of as a large light bucket
a)
your eyes
b)
a lens
c)
a telescope
d)
a satellite dish
125.
The "collector", or "light-gathering part" of the telescope is called the _____
a)
objective
b)
ocular
c)
eye piece
d)
refractor
126.
When light passes through a lens, it _____
a)
reflects
b)
is absorbed
c)
bounces
d)
changes direction
127.
The bending of light through a lens is called _____
a)
reflection
b)
refraction
c)
diffraction
d)
absorption
128.
The image, observed in a telescope, is _____
a)
bigger than the object
b)
the same size as the object
c)
slightly smaller than the object
d)
much smaller than the object
129.
The ability to separate two objects that are very close together, is called the _____
a)
orientation
b)
attitude
c)
magnification
d)
resolution 
130.
Who was the first to develop reflecting telescopes?
a)
Nicolaus Copernicus
b)
Isaac Newton
c)
Galileo Galilei
d)
Tycho Brahe

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