WorksheetsBacteriology: Specimen Collection, Media, and Methods
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 30mins
The aseptic collection of blood cultures requires that the skin be cleansed with:
2% iodine and then 70% alcohol solution
70% alcohol and then 2% iodine or an iodophor
70% alcohol and then 95% alcohol
95% alcohol only
When cleansing the skin with alcohol and then iodine for the collection of a blood culture, the iodine (or iodophor) should remain intact on the skin for at least
10 sec
30 sec
60 sec
5 min
What is the purpose of adding 0.025%–0.050% sodium polyanetholsulfonate (SPS) to nutrient broth media for the collection of blood cultures?
It inhibits phagocytosis and complement
It promotes formation of a blood clot
It enhances growth of anaerobes
It functions as a preservative
A flexible calcium alginate nasopharyngeal swab is the collection device of choice for recovery of which organism from the nasopharynx?
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Bacteroides fragilis
Semisolid transport media such as Amies, Stuart, or Cary–Blair are suitable for the transport of swabs for culture of most pathogens except
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Enterobacteriaceae
Campylobacter fetus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Select the method of choice for recovery of anaerobic bacteria from a deep abscess.
Cotton fiber swab of the abscess area
Skin snip of the surface tissue
Needle aspirate after surface decontamination
Swab of the scalpel used for débridement
Select the primary and differential media of choice for recovery of most fecal pathogens.
MacConkey, blood, birdseed, and Campylobacter (Campy) agars
Hektoen, MacConkey, Campy, colistin–nalidixic acid (CNA) agars
CNA and Christensen urea agars and thioglycollate media
Blood, Campy, Mueller–Hinton agars, and thioglycollate media
Select the media of choice for recovery of Vibrio cholerae from a stool specimen.
MacConkey agar and thioglycollate media
hiosulfate–citrate–bile–sucrose (TCBS) agar and alkaline peptone water (APW) broth
Blood agar and selenite-F (SEL) broth
CNA agar
Colistin–nalidixic acid agar (CNA) is used primarily for the recovery of:
Neisseria species
Enterobacteriaceae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
In the United States, most blood agar plates are prepared with 5% or 10% red blood cells (RBCs) obtained from:
Sheep
Horses
Humans
Dogs
All of the following are appropriate when attempting to isolate N. gonorrhoeae from a genital specimen except:
Transport the genital swab in charcoal transport medium
Plate the specimen on modified Thayer–Martin (MTM) medium
Plate the specimen on New York City or Martin–Lewis agar
Culture specimens in ambient oxygen at 37°C
Chocolate agar and modified Thayer–Martin agar are used for the recovery of:
Haemophilus spp. and Neisseria spp., respectively
Haemophilus spp. and N. gonorrhoeae, respectively
Neisseria spp. and Streptococcus spp., respectively
Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp., respectively
Cycloserine–cefoxitin-fructose agar (CCFA) is used for the recovery of:
Yersinia enterocolitica
Yersinia intermedia
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium difficile
Deoxycholate agar (DCA) is useful for the isolation of:
Enterobacteriaceae
Enterococcus spp.
Staphylococcus spp.
Neisseria spp.
Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar is a highly selective medium used for the recovery of which bacteria?
Staphylococcus spp. from normal flora
Yersinia spp. that do not grow on Hektoen agar
Enterobacteriaceae from gastrointestinal specimens
Streptococcus spp. from stool cultures
A sheep blood agar plate is used as a primary isolation medium when all of the following organisms are to be recovered from a wound specimen except:
β-Hemolytic streptococci and coagulase-positive staphylococci
Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae
Proteus spp. and Escherichia coli
Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp
Prereduced and vitamin K1-supplemented blood agar plates are recommended isolation media for:
Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, and Clostridium spp.
Proteus spp.
Enterococcus spp.
Which procedure is appropriate for culture of genital specimens in order to recover Chlamydia spp.?
Inoculate cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells
Plate onto blood and chocolate agar
Inoculate into thioglycollate (THIO) broth
Plate onto modified Thayer–Martin agar within 24 hours
Specimens for virus culture should be transported in media containing:
Antibiotics and 5% sheep blood
Saline and 5% sheep blood
22% bovine albumin
Antibiotics and nutrient
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be cultured immediately, but if delayed the specimen should be:
Refrigerated at 4°C to 6°C
Frozen at –20°C
Stored at room temperature for no longer than 24 hours
Incubated at 37°C and cultured as soon as possible
The most sensitive method for the detection of β-lactamase in bacteria is by the use of:
Chromogenic cephalosporin
Penicillin
Oxidase
Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
The breakpoint of an antimicrobial drug refers to:
The amount needed to cause bacteriostasis
A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 μg/mL or greater
A MIC of 64 μg/mL or greater
The level of drug that is achievable in serum
Which of the following variables may change the results of an MIC?
Inoculum size
Incubation time
Growth rate of the bacteria
All of these options
According to the Kirby–Bauer standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing method, what should be done when interpreting the zone size of a motile, swarming organism such as a Proteus species?
he swarming area should be ignored
The results of the disk diffusion method are invalid
The swarming area should be measured as the growth boundary
The isolate should be retested after diluting to a 0.05 McFarland standard
Which class of antibiotics is used for the treatment of serious gram-negative infections as well as infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Cephalosporins
Penicillins
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
Select the medium best suited for the recovery of Yersinia enterocolitica from a patient with gastroenteritis.
Hektoen agar
Cefsulodin–Irgasan–Novobiocin (CIN) agar
Blood agar
Eosinmethylene blue agar
A suspected case of plague requires which of the following procedures in order to confirm Yersinia pestis?
Collection of multiple sets of blood cultures
Incubation of blood cultures at both 28°C and 35°C
Culture aspirates from bubos to MacConkey agar at room temperature
All of these options
SITUATION: Abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, and nausea prompted an elderly male to seek medical attention. A watery stool specimen producing no fecal leukocytes or erythrocytes was cultured and grew a predominance of gram-negative fermentative bacilli. The colonies were beta-hemolytic on blood agar and cream colored on MacConkey agar. The colonies were both oxidase and catalase positive. What is the most likely identification?
Aeromonas hydrophilia
Escherichia coli
Salmonella spp.
Shigella spp.
SITUATION: Several attendees of a medical conference in the Gulf coast area became ill after frequenting a seafood restaurant. A presumptive identification of Vibrio cholera was made after stool specimens from several subjects grew clear colonies on MacConkey agar and yellow colonies on TCBS agar. Which key tests would help eliminate Aeromonas and Plesiomonas spp.?
Mannitol fermentation, Na+ requirement
Oxidase, motility
Oxidase, nitrate
Hemolysis on blood agar, catalase
SITUATION: A group of elementary students became ill after eating undercooked ground beef prepared in the school cafeteria. The suspected pathogen, E. coli serotype 0157:H7, is usually recovered using which of the following media?
XLD agar
MacConkey agar
MacConkey agar with sorbitol
Hektoen agar
