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WorksheetsBiology- Genetics Test Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 13hrs 30mins
Which of the following represents an organism that is homozygous for two genes?
Rrss
RrSs
RRss
RRSs
The allele for green pod color ( G) is dominant over the allele for yellow pod color (g). What is the genotype for a plant with yellow pods?
GG
gg
Gg
gG
An organism with two different alleles for a single trait is ____ for that trait.
dominant
recessive
homozygous
heterozygous
Which statement about mutations is correct?
Most mutations are recessive and beneficial.
Mutations always change the function of the proteins produced by a gene.
Mutations are sources of variations in offspring.
Mutations only occur when a cell is exposed to radiation.
As the DNA in cell A in the diagram below replicates, an error occurs. During mitosis Cell B gets the original, normal chromosome. How many of the 15 cells shown contain the mutation?
3
4
7
14
The diagram below shows a change in chromosomes during cell division. What process most likely caused this result?
crossing over
frameshift mutation
base deletion
base insertion
How many chromosomes does a human body cell contain
22
23
45
46
Hemoglobin protein is produced by immature red blood cells, but liver cells from the same species do not produce hemoglobin protein. Why?
The gene for hemoglobin is missing in liver cells.
The gene for hemoglobin is turned off in liver cells.
The gene for hemoglobin has mutated in liver cells.
The gene for hemoglobin is activated in liver cells.
How does the number of chromosomes in a human liver cell compare to the number of chromosomes in a human brain cell?
The number of chromosomes in both cells is equal.
The liver cell has fewer chromosomes than the brain cell.
The liver cell has more chromosomes than the brain cell.
The number of chromosomes in each cell type varies between individuals
Using special enzymes, scientists have been able to isolate the gene that controls the production of Protein A from one type of bacteria and insert the gene into another type of bacteria that does not normally produce Protein A. These bacteria then produce Protein A. What is the name of this technique?
Cloning
Genetic Modification
Meiosis
Crossing over
What is one function of mitosis?
to create gametes for reproduction
to equally divide replicated chromosomes into daughter cells
to create cells that are genetically different from the parent cell
to ensure that the offspring cells receive at least three sets of chromosomes
The drawing below shows how chromosomes are distributed during cell division. What specific process does this drawing represent? HINT Think about the WHOLE CELL CYCLE, and look what has been made.
Meiosis
Mitosis
Sexual reproduction
random mutation
A cell has 20 chromosomes. How many cells will there be after meiosis II?
2
4
10
20
Sperm cells of the Russian dwarf hamster contain 14 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in a normal body cell of the Russian dwarf hamster?
7
14
28
42
What complementary DNA sequence binds to this DNA sequence: A – G – T – A – C ?
C – A – T – G – A
T – C – A – T – G
U – C – A – U – G
G – A – C – G – T
In the diagram below, which arrow represents replication?
A
B
C
D
In the diagram below, which arrow represents translation?
A
B
C
D
A DNA molecule is found to contain 40% of the nitrogenous base thymine (T). What percentage of nitrogenous base adenine (A) does this molecule contain?
20%
40%
60%
80%
What molecule ACTS AS THE TEMPLATE to code the genetic information that is found in structure 1?
DNA
RNA
Ribosomes
Amino Acids
Structure 2 represents a molecule of:
DNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Which of the following represents an organism that is heterozygous for two genes?
Rrss
RrSs
RRss
RRSs
If an organism has two identical alleles for a single trait, for that trait the organism is considered
heterozygous
homozygous
dominant
recessive
During Meiosis I crossing over can occur. What is the MOST common result of crossing over?
New tRNA
new DNA
New combination of genes
New number of chromosomes
Which statement about the nucleotide sequences in the DNA in the nuclei of human liver and skin cells is true?
The DNA sequences of the two cells are completely different.
The DNA sequences of the two cells are about 50% similar.
The DNA sequences of the two cells are about 75% similar.
The DNA sequences of the two cells are 100% the same.
In 1994 a new tomato variety that ripens slowly was developed in the laboratory. This new variety of tomato contains a section of DNA not found in the tomato from which it was developed. Which technique was most likely used to develop this new variety of tomato?
cross pollination
genetic modification
electrophoresis
crossing over
A cell with 20 chromosomes undergoes MITOSIS. Which of these statements is true?
4 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 10 chromosomes.
2 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 10 chromosomes.
4 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 20 chromosomes.
2 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 20 ch
The drawings below show how chromosomes are distributed during cell division. What specific process does this drawing represent?
meiosis
mitosis
asexual reproduction
random mutations
Sperm cells of the male Russian dwarf hamster contain 14 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in an egg cell of the female Russian dwarf hamster?
7
14
28
42
What is one function of MEIOSIS?
to create cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell
to create cells the same size as the parent cell
to create gametes for reproduction
to create cells with identical pairs of chromosomes
What part of the nucleic acid carries the genetic information
Sugar groups
phosphate groups
hydrogen bonds
nitrogen bases
In the figure below, structure 1 represents a molecule of ____.
DNA
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
In the figure below, structure 5 is part of a growing ____.
Protein molecule
Polysaccharide molecule
DNA Molecule
RNA Molecule
Offspring that are the result of sexual reproduction are:
Never identical to the parents
sometimes identical to the parents
always identical to the parents
always identical to other offspring
Most human traits are determined by
One gene
one or more genes
environmental factors only
one or more genes and environmental factors
Two gametes (sex cells) combine during
meiosis
mitosis
sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction
Which of the following best describes how the human body is organized, from the largest to smallest structure?
DNA, chromosomes, cells
chromosomes, cells, DNA
cells, DNA, chromosomes
cells, chromosomes, DNA
The offspring of asexual reproduction are identical to the parent except in the case of ____.
a clone.
a genetic mutation.
mitosis
multicellular organisms.
Assume that a trait is represented by the letter a. Which of the following would be used to represent an individual who exhibits the recessive trait?
AA
Aa
aa
aA
The offspring of sexual reproduction:
receives half of its genetic material from each parent.
receives all of its genetic material from one parent.
receives genetic material from an outside source.
receives most of its genetic material from its female parent.
By studying the pedigree below, where individuals with a particular trait are shown with shading, you can conclude that the trait the pedigree is tracing is:
dominant
recessive
co-dominant
sex-linked recessive
How many copies of each chromosome do most human cells contain?
1
2
23
45
The offspring of asexual reproduction:
receives half of its genetic material from each parent.
receives all of its genetic material from one parent.
receives genetic material from an outside source.
receives most of its genetic material from its male parent.
Which of the following statements best describes the function of DNA in a cell?
DNA in an organism contains the genetic information necessary for the construction of all the proteins in that organism.
DNA controls the production of proteins in a cell without environmental influence.
DNA in a cell contains the genetic information necessary for the construction of only the specific proteins made by that type of cell.
DNA in an organism contains the genetic information necessary for the construction of all proteins in all organisms.
In human males, how many sperm cells are formed as a result of one primary sex cell undergoing normal meiosis?
1
2
3
4
A normal body cell of a fruit fly contains eight chromosomes. Each normal gamete of this organism contains only four chromosomes, as a result of the process of
binary fission
mitosis
meiosis
fertilization
The nitrogen bases found in DNA are represented by the letters
A, U, G, C
A, T, C, G
T, A, P, C
T, U, G, C
Chromosome-related syndromes, such as Down syndrome and Turner syndrome, are often caused by nondisjunction, when chromosomes fail to separate properly during
Protein synthesis
crossing over
meiosis
transcription
Four stages in the production of protein molecules in a cell are listed below. 1 - Transfer RNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome. 2 - DNA molecules serve as templates for messenger RNA molecules. 3 - Messenger RNA molecules move to ribosomes. 4 - A chain of amino acids forms on the ribosome. Which sequence best represents the correct order of these stages?
1-2-3-4
2-3-1-4
3-2-1-4
4-2-1-3
If a portion of a messenger RNA molecule contains the base sequence A-A-U, the corresponding transfer RNA base sequence is
A-A-U
G-G-T
T-T-C
U-U-A
In a portion of a gene, the nitrogenous base sequence is T-C-G-A-A-T. Which nitrogenous base sequence would normally be found bonded to this section of the gene?
A-C-G-T-A-A
A-C-G-U-U-A
A-G-C-T-T-A
U-G-C-A-A-U
