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Cycles on Earth

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The way a mineral reflects light. Either metallic (shiny) or nonmetallic (dull):
a)
Cleavage
b)
Streak
c)
Luster
d)
Reflection
2.
____________ is determined by scratching a mineral with other minerals.
a)
fracture
b)
hardness
c)
streak
d)
color
3.
The color of the powdered form of a mineral found by rubbing a mineral against a ceramic tile.
a)
Luster
b)
Cleavage
c)
Streak
d)
Fracture
4.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a mineral?
a)
streak
b)
crystal structure
c)
inorganic
d)
chemical composition
5.
What is the scale that is used to indicate hardness of a mineral?
a)
Red Scale
b)
Moh's scale
c)
Einstein Scale
d)
Fracture Scale
6.
Which of the following must be true for a substance to be considered a mineral?
a)
It must be organic
b)
It must be glassy
c)
It must be a gem
d)
It must be naturally occurring
7.
If a mineral does not break smoothly, and leaves an uneven surface this is called:
a)
cleavage
b)
fracture
c)
hardness
d)
inorganic
8.
True or False: Minerals make up rocks. 
a)
True
b)
False
9.
A pearl is not considered a mineral because it's __________.
a)
Crystalline Structure
b)
Naturally Occurring 
c)
Solid
d)
Organic
10.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a mineral? 
a)
Naturally Occurring
b)
Organic
c)
Chemical Composition
d)
Solid
11.
Although cement, brick, steel, and glass all come from substances found in the Earth’s crust, they are NOT classified as minerals because___________________.
a)
They are organic
b)
They have a crystalline structure.
c)
They can be a liquid
d)
They are not naturally occurring
12.
What is luster?
a)
Luster is the color of a mineral's powder.
b)
Luster is the amount of matter in an object.
c)
I don't know.
d)
It describes how a mineral reflects light from its surface.
13.
What is cleavage?
a)
Cleavage is a property that describes a mineral that splits evenly along a flat surface.
b)
Cleavage is how a mineral looks if it breaks right in half.
c)
I don't know.
d)
Cleavage is the color of a mineral's powder.
14.
What is streak?
a)
Streak is the color of the mineral's powder.
b)
Streak is how a mineral looks if it breaks in an irregular way and does not split apart evenly.
c)
I don't know.
d)
Streak is how hard a mineral is.
15.
What is color?
a)
It is the color of the mineral's powder.
b)
It is how hard a mineral is.
c)
I don't know.
d)
It is a physical property that is easy to observe.
16.
What is a crystal structure?
a)
Crystal structure means that the particles that make a mineral line up in a pattern repeat over and over again which forms a crystal.
b)
Crystal structure is when flat sides called faces meet at sharp edges and corners.
c)
I don't know.
d)
Crystal structure means that a mineral will always contain certain elements in exact proportions.
17.
What is a solid?
a)
It means that a mineral will always contain certain elements in exact proportions.
b)
It means that it has a definite volume and shape. So, its particles ar tightly packed together and can't move easily.
c)
I don't know.
d)
It means that it has flat sides called faces that meet at sharp edges and corners.
18.
What does inorganic mean?
a)
It means that a mineral can't come from something that was once living. 
b)
It means that it has a definite volume and shape. So, its particles are tightly packed together.
c)
I don't know.
d)
It means that the substance must occur in nature. So, it can't be created by people.
19.
What does naturally occurring mean?
a)
It means that it can't come from something once living.
b)
It means that it has a definite volume and shape. So, its particles are tightly packed together.
c)
I don't know.
d)
It means that the substance must occur in nature. So, it can't be created by humans.
20.

ASPHALT: Rock or NOT Rock?

a)

Rock

b)

NOT Rock

21.

MINERAL: Rock or NOT Rock?

a)

Rock

b)

NOT Rock

22.

Marble Statue: Rock or NOT Rock?

a)

Rock

b)

NOT Rock

23.
Synthetic materials are made by _________.
a)
aliens
b)
humans
c)
farmers
d)
nature
24.

A _____________________ is a natural resource that we can replace faster than we use it up.

a)

renewable resource

b)

nonrenewable resource

c)

synthetic material

d)

made made product

25.

Which word is a synonym for synthetic?

a)

real

b)

artificial

c)

natural

d)

true

26.

Which of the following is NOT a natural resource?

a)

wood

b)

cotton

c)

oil

d)

plastic

e)

coal

27.
What are synthetic materials mostly made from?
a)
Coal
b)
Chemicals
c)
Trees
d)
Gasoline
28.

Both synthetic materials and natural materials are made from _________________?

a)

natural resources

b)

nonrenewable resources

c)

plastic

29.

The first letter of a chemical symbol is always a

a)

Capital

b)

Lowercase

c)

Number

d)

Symbol

30.
What is the chemical symbol for the element oxygen
a)
O
b)
Oxy
c)
ox
d)
Oy
31.
What is the chemical symbol for the element Iron
a)
I
b)
Ir
c)
Fe
d)
fe
32.

Minerals are made from...

a)

atoms

b)

elements

c)

other minerals

d)

rocks

33.

Elements are made from...

a)

atoms

b)

other elements

c)

more than one mineral

d)

rocks

34.

Rocks are made from...

a)

atoms

b)

elements

c)

more than one mineral

d)

other rocks

35.
Matter must have weight and _________.
a)
be visible
b)
take up space
c)
be a solid
d)
all of these
36.

An oreo cookie has a mass of 20 grams. It gets crushed into crumbs for a recipe. What is the mass of the crumbs?

a)

15 grams

b)

25 grams

c)

20 grams

37.

The Law of Conservation of Matter states that the total amount of matter _____ after it undergoes change.

a)

disappears

b)

stays the same

c)

weighs less

d)

explodes

38.

Matter can not be created nor destroyed: it can only be

a)

Destroyed a little bit

b)

Invisible

c)

Transformed, changed

d)

None of the above

39.

Burrowing animals contribute to the weathering of rocks.

a)

True

b)

False

40.

What happens to pieces of rock as they are transported by a river?

a)

smaller and more jagged

b)

much larger and rounder

c)

gets larger and more jagged

d)

they get smaller and rounder

41.

Which of the following is an example of biological weathering?

a)

Freeze-thaw

b)

Wind blowing sand onto a rock

c)

Abrasion due to the movement of glaciers

d)

Plant that grows on the cracks of the rocks

42.

What are the two things that affect the rate of weathering?

a)

rain and ice

b)

type of rock and climate

c)

time and date

d)

size of rock and time of the year

43.

Weathering is the process of -

a)

Moving sediment from one place to another

b)

Dropping or leaving sediment in a location

c)

Breaking down rocks into sediment

44.

An example of chemical weathering is -

a)

Ice wedging

b)

Oxidation

c)

Animals burrowing

d)

Crashing waves

45.

An example of physical weathering is -

a)

Plant roots and leaves releasing acids

b)

Carbonic acid dissolving limestone

c)

Large temperature changes

d)

Lichens growing on rocks

46.

Ice wedging is an example of -

a)

Physical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

c)

Both physical AND chemical weathering

47.
This type of weathering occurs when rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces of rock.
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
erosion weathering
d)
deposition
48.
These rocks were made smooth by wind blowing smaller rock particles across their surface.  This is an example of:
a)
ice wedging
b)
chemical weathering
c)
acid rain
d)
abrasion
49.
A metal statue slowly turning green after years of being outside is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
50.
What is sediment?
a)
the process of rocks being broken down and carried away
b)
bits of rock, sand, and silt caused by the weathering of rocks
c)
the top layer of the soil
d)
decaying plant or animal material 
51.
During chemical weathering, what can happen to the type of rock that has undergone chemical weathering?
a)
a new rock is produced that is larger than the original rock
b)
a new rock is produced that is the same as the original rock
c)
a new rock is produced that is different from the original rock 
d)
no new rock is created - it is just smaller in size
52.

What type of chemical weathering is in the picture shown?

a)

oxidation

b)

mosses and lichens

c)

acid precipitation

53.

_____________________ is the movement of soil and rock by wind, water, ice, and gravity.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

54.

______________________ occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

55.
Sediments being carried down stream by water or being carried away by wind are examples of
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
56.
A statue being broken down by reacting with acid rain is an example of
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
erosion
d)
deposition
57.

Chopping wood is an example of a...

a)

physical change

b)

chemical change

58.

Burning wood is an example of a...

a)

physical change

b)

chemical change

59.

Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone are examples of what?

a)

chemical weathering (carbonation)

b)

chemical weathering (oxidation)

c)

physical weathering (frost action)

d)

physical weathering (plant action)

60.

Fossil fuels burning and releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, increases a form of __________________ weathering.

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

61.

This image shows the process of

a)

Carbonation

b)

Hydration

c)

Abrasion

d)

Frost action

62.

Select the forms of weathering that are physical

a)

oxidation

b)

frost action

c)

abrasion

d)

carbonation

63.

Select the forms of weathering that are chemical

a)

oxidation

b)

frost action

c)

abrasion

d)

carbonation

64.
________ is the process in which rocks and soil are dropped.
a)
weathering 
b)
erosion
c)
oxidation
d)
deposition 
65.

Erosion occurs when natural forces alter the landscape. What does it mean to alter a landscape?

a)

To blow dust around

b)

To change what land looks like

c)

To deposit silt at the mouth of a river

d)

To create a floodplain

66.

Which term BEST describes the rate at which glacial erosion takes place?

a)

Quick

b)

Short

c)

Slow

d)

Sudden

67.

How do sandy beaches form?

a)

Waves pounding pebbles int smaller and smaller pieces

b)

Wind eroding pebbles into smaller pieces

c)

Water freezing and thawing the cracks of pebbles

d)

Rain wearing away rocks into smaller and smaller pieces

68.

What do floodplains, sandbars, and river deltas have in common?

a)

They've all been formed by water erosion

b)

They've all been formed by glacial erosion

c)

They've all been formed by wind erosion

d)

They've all been formed by sandblasting

69.

Which of these is an example of erosion?

a)

Light shinning onto a mountain

b)

Rain breaking down rock

c)

Wind blowing away sediment

d)

All of the above

70.

Which of the following is NOT an element of erosion?

a)

Water

b)

Wind

c)

Ice

d)

Electrical Current

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