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Unit 3 - Genetics Study Guide

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which molecule was passed from your parents to you, to make you who you are?

a)

Protein

b)

mRNA

c)

DNA

d)

Cytoplasm

2.

The instructions for the traits of an organism are determined by:

a)

Th way the nucleotides are paired

b)

The order of nucleotides in the DNA molecules

c)

The proportions of A, C, T, and G in DNA

d)

The length of DNA

3.

What are the 3 chemical components of a DNA molecule?

a)

A phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogenous base

b)

A nitrogenous base, ATP, and deoxyribose sugar

c)

A phosphate, a nitrogenous base, and an amino acid

d)

A nitrogenous base, deoxyribose sugar, and an amino acid

4.

Which of the following DNA bases pairs with the DNA base 'A'?

a)

A

b)

U

c)

T

d)

G

5.

Which of the following DNA bases pairs with the DNA base 'G'?

a)

A

b)

T

c)

U

d)

C

6.

During which phase does a cell replicate its DNA?

a)

Growth Phase 1

b)

Synthesis Phase

c)

Growth Phase 2

d)

Mitotic Phase

7.

During which phase does a cell divide?

a)

Growth Phase 1

b)

Synthesis Phase

c)

Growth Phase 2

d)

Mitotic Phase

8.

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes separate?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

9.

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

10.

Specialized cells are uniquely suited to perform a particular function.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

A cell that has not yet specialized is known as a(n):

a)

Blank Cell

b)

Clear Cell

c)

Stem Cell

d)

Free Cell

12.

A skin cell will express the same traits as a stomach cell.

a)

True

b)

False

13.

Of the following materials, which has the structure of a single helix?

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Protein

d)

Chromosome

14.

Strands of DNA are connected by which type of bonds?

a)

Covalent Bonds

b)

Ionic Bonds

c)

Hydrogen Bonds

15.

How many bases make up a codon?

a)

4 bases

b)

3 bases

c)

2 bases

d)

1 base

16.

Which of the following describes a substitution mutation?

a)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is switched for another.

b)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is removed.

c)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is added.

17.

Which of the following describes a deletion mutation?

a)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is switched for another.

b)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is removed.

c)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is added.

18.

Which of the following describes an insertion mutation?

a)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is switched for another.

b)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is removed.

c)

A base (nucleotide) in the DNA or RNA is added.

19.

If a mutation causes an amino acid to change into a "STOP," it is referred to as a:

a)

Nonsense

b)

Missense

c)

Silent

20.

If a mutation causes an amino acid to change into a different amino acid, it is referred to as a:

a)

Nonsense

b)

Missense

c)

Silent

21.

If a mutation happens to result in the same amino acid as originally called for, it is referred to as a:

a)

Nonsense

b)

Missense

c)

Silent

22.

Which of the following describes the process of mitosis?

a)

Produces egg and sperm

b)

Produces 2 identical body cells

c)

Produces 4 different sex cells

23.

Which of the following is NOT true of Meiosis?

a)

Each cell has HALF the number of chromosomes

b)

Each cell is genetically DIFFERENT

c)

TWO somatic (body) cells are produced

d)

FOUR sex cells (egg and sperm) are produced

24.

Recombination creates variety in organisms.

a)

True

b)

False

25.

A version of a trait that 'overpowers' other versions is referred to as:

a)

Recessive

b)

Singular

c)

Dominant

d)

Adjacent

26.

The combination of alleles is known as:

a)

Phenotype

b)

Dominant

c)

Recessive

d)

Genotype

27.

A section of DNA that codes for a particular trait is called a:

a)

Gene

b)

Chromosome

c)

Variety

d)

Allele

28.

Which of the following genotypes describes an individual who has a dominant AND a recessive allele?

a)

Homozygous Dominant

(HD)

b)

Heterozygous

(He)

c)

Homozygous recessive (hr)

29.

Which of the following genotypes describes an individual who is a 'carrier'?

a)

Homozygous Dominant

(HD)

b)

Heterozygous

(He)

c)

Homozygous recessive (hr)

30.

A male CANNOT be a carrier of a sex-linked trait.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

Which of the following represents a female's sex chromosomes?

a)

XX

b)

XY

32.

Which of the following represents a male's sex chromosomes?

a)

XX

b)

XY

33.

If a sequence of DNA starts with 'A,' the RNA copy will start with:

a)

A

b)

T

c)

U

d)

C

34.

If a sequence of DNA starts with 'T,' the RNA copy will start with:

a)

A

b)

T

c)

U

d)

C

35.

If a sequence of DNA starts with 'G,' the RNA copy will start with:

a)

A

b)

T

c)

U

d)

C

36.
B = brown fur  b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
37.

Fill in the Yellow Box

a)

Bb

b)

BB

c)

bb

38.

What is the mother's genotype?

a)

DD

b)

Dd

c)

dd

39.
What allele combination should go in the missing box?
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
none of these
40.
What do we use pedigrees for?
a)
To look at families
b)
To make determinations about the offspring
c)
To track traits in families
d)
Nothing
41.
In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?
a)
circle
b)
square
c)
triangle
d)
diamond
42.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
43.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
44.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
45.
What does a vertical line coming down from a square and circle that are connected by horizontal line indicate?
a)
They are cousins
b)
The children
c)
Aunts and Uncles
46.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
47.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
48.

How many alleles does a person carry for a trait?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

49.

Replicate the following DNA sequence: A T T A G C G A T

(a)  

50.

Transcribe the following DNA sequence: A T T A G C C A G

(a)  

51.

Match each stage of The Central Dogma with the appropriate description.

a)

Transcription

1.

A DNA sequence is copied to make an RNA sequence

b)

Translation

2.

An RNA sequence is 'read' to make an amino acid chain

c)

Folding

3.

An amino acid chain is made into its final, functional shape

d)

Expression

4.

The functional protein is working and the trait can be seen

52.

Organize the phases of the cell cycle in order

a)

Growth Phase 1

b)

Synthesis Phase

c)

Growth Phase 2

d)

Mitosis

1)
2)
3)
4)
53.

Organize the phases of Mitosis in order.

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase & Cytokinesis

1)
2)
3)
4)
54.

Identify the amino acid associated with the RNA codon 'UAC'

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
55.

Identify the amino acid associated with the RNA codon 'GAA'

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
56.

Put the phases of mitosis based on the appearance of the cell.

a)

b)

c)

d)

1)
2)
3)
4)

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