A contrast that ionizes in solution and causes more patient discomfort.

A contrats agent that does not ionize in solution and is safer, less painful and better tolerated by patients.

Which of the following are the component of Aniography?

A. Arteriography

B. Lymphography

C. Venography

D. Angiocardiography

A radiography of vessel after introduction od CM thru a catheter inserted into an artery.

A radiography of selected vessel which is opacified by a medium introduced directly into it usually.

Angiography of the coronary arteries in which the cardiac catheter is inserted into an artery with the help of fluoroscopy.

A form of angiocardiography in which the CM is a radionuclide.

It is a rapid sequence of images is taken immediately after the administration of CM to record only the initial transit through the central circulation.

A form of radionuclide angiocardiography in whihc image are taken at specific phases of thecardiac cycle over a series of several hundred cycles with image recording set.

Which of the following is part of Angiographic Team?

A. Anaesthesiologist

B. Scrub Nurse

C. Radiologist

D. Radiologic Technologist

E. Medical Physicist

It is an imaging device that converts an x-ray distribution to an optical image with a large increase in brightness.

Material coated on the input surface of an image intensifier tube which emits light in response to being struck by electron.

Material coated on the output surface of an image intensifier which emits light in response to being struck by electron.

The technique was first developed in 1927 by the Portuguese physician and neurologist name ............................ at the University of Lisbon to provide contrasted x-ray cerebral angiography in order to diagnosed several kinds of nervous disease, such as tumors, artery disease and arteriovenous malformation.

A Swedish radiologist that introduces Seldinger technique.

Seldinger Technique is introduce in year

It is a mask of a blood platelets fibrin clotting factor and cellular element of a dying patients.

A clot composed of some combination of blood paletelets, firbin clotting factors & white blood cells that containing few erythrocytes or red blood cells.

It appears like transparent mask of hemolyze erythrocytes.

A repitition of a masking process to create/ correct the misregistration mask.

A simple removal of motion caused by a patient superimposing later film.

A process where digital image is shifted to another mask image to compensate the mis-registration mask caused by patient motion.

Is attain by adjusting the edges of vessels.

is a method used in performing angiography in dark room. by the use of ordinary light.

Is the most common type of digital radiography system that can be used to demonstrate digital images.

The visualization of certain information in angiogram by the removal of non-essentail structures.

The selection of one of the contrast field angiogram film and superimposing it over the mask is called:

An image device which converts an x-ray distribution to an optical image to the large increasing brightness.

The following are the basic components of Angiography except:

The main function during angiographic examination is to assist the team with a sterilization and catheterization procedures:

It is the main important part of the study that the radiologist wanted to visualize.

An agent that causes anti blood clot.

What do you call an foreign object, an air or gas , a bit of a tissue or tumor or apeice of thrombus that circulates in the bloodtream and run into the vessels.

The following are the kinds of thrombi except:

The most arterial access in angiography

What do you call a combination of mask subtraction and dual energy subtraction?

It uses mircowave technology to accelerate electrons and produce x-rays.

This type of catheter has circular tip with multiple sides holes to reduce whiplash and control contrast.

This type of catheter has curved to facilitate selection of vessels.

This type of catheter has end hole only

Whta size of small focal spot will produce the best detail?

These are the features of film changer except:

A. Compression Table

B. Supply magazine

C. Transport Mechanism

D. Stacking

E. Receiving cassette

This is a light tight box that can be filled with film in the darkroom and then attached to the film changer.

This consist of a series of compression rollers devices that moves the film from the supply magazine to a pair of intensifying screen and then to the receiving cassette.

Another mode of temporal subtraction where a consecutive previous g=frame is subtracted from current frame. This technique is useful for cardiac imaging where there is a rapid motion.

Another technique in which the region of interest is exposed to higher kv (120 to 130V) and lower kV (70kV) at very short interval (about 50 ms)

Similar technique used in carbon dioxide angiography. where fragmented boluses of gas are added to produce a complete picture of the opacified structure.

In which a reference DSA image is overlaid on the real time fluoroscopy image.

New development allows projection of 3D reconstructed vessel on live 2D fluoroscopic image.

In this table moves into three stations with x-ray tubes and detector remaining fixed.

In this method the tube detector or image intensifier moves keeping the table fixed.

The main parts of the catheters are the following. select one.

Guiding catheters help position and stabilize standard catheters.

Coating a guide wire with heparin. (select one)

Guiding catheters decreases the risk of ostial trauma and vascular complication

A solid guidewire has the disadvantage of (select one)

Thin walled catheter improves monitoring , blood sampling and flushing abilities and decrease thrombogenecity.

What part of a guide wire is introduce into the blood vessel damage?

The following are function of guiding catheter except.

Employing correct catheter and guide wire results in (select one)

It is commonly used to measure the outer diameter of cylindrical medical instruments like catheters and needles.

The tip lenght a catheter increased length offers more stability in target vessel at the cost of maneuverability in the parent vessel.

THE FOLLOWING ARE THE CHARACTERISTIC OF A CATEHTER EXCEPT:

Thin-walled catheter accentuates pressure waveform-systolic overshoot and diastolic dips.

Torque of a guide wire or catheter refers to.

catheters vary based on their intended use.

It is a highly effective way of controlling bleeding from an injury, especially in the abdomen or pelvis, in an emergency situation.

It is used mostly to treat primary liver cancers and metastases of the liver.

The following are advantages of interventional radiology, EXCEPT:

Select one:

Permanent embolic agents such as polyvinyl occlude vessels permanently.

A stent graft bridges the aneurysm inside and eliminates the blood flow in the aneurysmal sac.

What procedure employ the principle that the tumor receives almost all of its blood supply from the hepatic artery?

An interventional radiologist uses imaging equipment to guide small instruments such as catheters or wires through the blood vessels or other pathways.

Interventional radiology procedures are usually minimally invasive targeted treatments.

Interventional radiology procedures are an advance in medicine that often replace open surgical procedures.

The minimally invasive procedures involves less blood loss and thus play an important role in bloodless medicine.

It is said to be a less expensive less blood loss, effective and safe alternative for patients with great risk of surgery.

Reduction of the aneurysmal sac and decrease of the pressure on the aortic wall is effective prevention of rupture.

What procedure employ the principle that the liver receives about 85% of its blood supply through the portal vein and only 15% through the hepatic artery?

It is an endovascular repair of an abdominal aorta aneurysm with a fabric-wrapped flexible mesh tube.

Temporary embolic agent blocks vessels for enough time for the body to heal the problem causing bleeding.

Which of the following statements does not associated with DSA imaging?

A Diapositive mask is the same as a reversal film.

The chance of developing a permanent stroke as the result of a spinal angiogram is approximately 50%

After the angiogram, the incision site can be closed either by manual compression or by using a special closure device.

It is a complete elimination of common structure for easy visualization of the focus.

With interventional radiology procedures using x-ray, the level of risk is high because some use very little radiation, while complex procedures use more.

It is a combination of mask subtraction and dual-energy subtraction

The following bare basic functions of digital subtraction angiography, EXCEPT:

Scout film or preliminary film is not necessary for the creation of a diapositive mask.

The contrast dye causes the blood vessels to appear opaque on the x-ray image.

Time interval difference has a rate of 30 frames per second.

In order to obtain an x-ray image of a blood vessel, intraarterial access is necessary so that the contrast dye can be injected into the body's circulatory system.

Delayed bleeding at the site of catheter insertion is very common but it is the major reason that you are observed for 4 to 6 hours after your test is completed.

In an abdominal angiogram, a continuous x-ray beam is passed through the body part being examined, and transmitted to a TV-like monitor so that the body part and its motion can be seen in detail.

There is a very high risk that blood will form a clot around the tip of the catheter, blocking the artery and causing a stroke.

It is the method that does not require the acquisition of images before and after the arrival of contrast media.

Which among the following factors is not included in digital subtraction?

If you have diabetes or kidney disease, the kidney could be injured when contrast material is eliminated through the urine.

In a thoracic angiogram, a catheter is placed into your leg and is guided through the blood vessels of the body to reach the blood vessels of the spine.

The area where the catheter will be inserted will be numbed which caused the entire procedure very painful.

One of the reasons why abdominal angiograms are performed is to detect abnormalities of the blood vessels within the abdomen or of the abdominal organs.

It is the method used in performing angiography in the darkroom with the use of ordinary light.

The x-ray images in abdominal angiogram show the arterial-venous and capillary blood vessel structures and blood flow in the spinal column

Very rarely, The catheter can injure the vessel wall.

An x-ray dye is injected to highlight the vessels simultaneously when films are taken from several angles.

It is an order of subtraction which requires the initial radiograph and radiograph with contrast.

It is a combination of mask subtraction and dual energy subtraction

In order to obtain an x-ray image of a blood vessel an intra arterial access is necessary so that the contrast dye can be injected into the body's circulatory system.

To make a second order subtraction print, the first order mask, second order mask and ____ are placed over the subtraction print.

After the angiogram the incision site can be closed either by manual compression or by using a special closure device.

It is the most often common arterial access in angiography, can be palpated by locating the pulse between the inguinal ligament which passes between the pulse in the ASIS.

What procedure employ the principle that the tumor receives almost all of its blood supply from the hepatic artery?

Stent graft bridges the aneurysm inside and eliminates the blood flow in aneurysmal sac.

It appear like transparent mass of hemolyzed erythrocytes

In thoracic angiogram a catheter is placed into your leg and is guided through the blood vessel of the body to reach the blood vessel of the spine.

In DSA what subtraction method is used when a different mask is made at fixed intervals of time?

With interventional radiology procedures using x-ray , the level of risk is high because some use very little radiation, while complex procedures use more.

Delayed bleeding at the site of catheter insertion is very common but is the major reason that you are observed for 4 to 6 hours after your test is completed.

It is used to treat primary liver cancers and metastases of the liver.

Temporary embolic agent blocks vessels for enough time for the body to heal the problem, causing the bleeding.

Very rarely, the catheter can injure the vessel wall.

The x-ray images in abdominal angiogram show the arterial , venous and capillary blood vessels structures and blood flow in the spinal column.

One of the reasons why abdominal angiogram is performed is to detect abnormalities of the blood vessels within the abdomen or of the abdominal organs.

It is characterized by the reversal of images in the first order subtraction angiography.

It is a material used for percutaneous puncture of the femoral , axillary or brachial arteries or veins,

It serves as the brain of digital subtraction angiography.

It is a blood clot composed of blood platelets, fibrin , clotting factors and cellular elements arranged in layers , apparently formed at different times.

Interventional radiology procedures are usually minimally invasive, targeted treatments.

It is a material consist of two stainless steel inner wire and outer coil spring which used in catheterization

It is a radiography of selective vessels which is opacified by a medium introduced directly into it, usually by a catheter.