Which of the following diseases and bacteria are matched up incorrectly?

All of the following are transmitted to man by ingestion of undercooked meat. Which of the following vectors is vector transmitted?

Microbial killing, involves degranulation, the two types of granules fuse with the phagosome and empty their contents in the process:

Penicillin is effective for this spirochete organism causing syphilis.

The causative agent of gas gangrene

Penicillin is the DOC for the following infections caused by EXCEPT:

Stimulates T-cells to produce cytokines:

This is an example of a topical agent, which is derived from the combination of benzoic and salicylic acids.

Causative agent of undulant fever:

Large, spore-forming rod, whose capsule is composed of poly-D-glutamate and may cause Wool Sorter’s disease:

A gram negative, coma shaped microaerophilic rod that causes enterocolitis and can be cultured in Skirrow’s agar

Spirochete, which is the causative agent of leptospirosis:

CASE ANALYSIS: Ceftriaxone is the most effective drug used to treat this facultative, non-lactose fermenting, gram negative rod which can produce H2S.

Inhibits the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters causing muscle spasms:

Stimulates the production of cyclic AMP by adding ADP-ribosome to a G protein:

Hansen’s Disease is caused by:

Immune Complex Hypersensitivity:

A nonmotile, oxidase-positive, gram-negative cocci, usually in pairs, that is a facultative anaerobe with urethral epithelium in the male:

Pending the results of cultures, meningitis in children 8-10 months of age should be treated with:

In stained smear, it is usually seen in Chinese letter arrangement having metachromatic granules and may infect the respiratory system.

Characterized physiologically by a “sardonic smile”

An immediate and systemic hypersensitivity reaction following exposure of a sensitized individual to the appropriate antigen:

Spirochete, which is a causative agent of “Lyme disease” and can be treated by Doxycycline for early stage and Pen G for late stages.

Which among the following is not a cardinal sign of inflammation?

Very motile organisms (peritrichous flagella) resulting in swarming colonies in solid media (blood agar)

The DOC for Treponema pallidum is:

True statement about NEISSERIA:

I. Gram-negative cocci that come in pairs; Individual cocci resemble kidney-shaped

II. Cultured using enriched media like chocolate agar and Thayer Martin agar

III. Oxidase-positive (dark-purple)

An antifungal that inhibits nucleic acid synthesis and has anti-mitotic activity by inhibiting microtubule assembly:

Corynebacterium diphtheria

An index that measures the number of individuals who have become ill because of a specific disease within a susceptible to population during a specific period:

Statement about Treponema pallidum is/are correct:

I. Immobilized and killed by arsenic, mercury, and bismuth containing drug

II. Reservoirs are humans and acquired by direct sexual contact, transplacental transfer or through occupational exposure

III. Causes syphilis or “hard chance”

Which of the following is not true concerning Staphylococcus aureus?

CASE ANALYSIS: a burn patient developed a wound infection, and a bacteriologic culture of the site indicated a gram-negative rod that was oxidase-positive and produced a blue-green pigment. The organism was relatively resistant to antibiotics but susceptible to ticarcillin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. This organism is likely:

Effective given orally in Microsporum-induced disease of hair

Facultative gram-negative rods, non-lactose fermenting and may cause enterocolitis (dysentery).

Which among the following is/are example of GPB, except:

Correct about Clostridium difficile:

I. Causes antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis due to inadvertent use of antibiotics (clindamycin and cephalosporins)

II. Produces exotoxins A (enterotoxin) and exotoxin B (cytotoxin)

III. Treatment: Metronidazole as the drug of choice and Vancomycin as an alternative

Causes paralysis by blocking release of acetylcholine:

Leptospira interrogans:

I. Tightly-coiled, thin, flexible spirochetes with a hook at its end, actively motile and observed using darkfield microscopy

II. Causes leptospirosis - starts with fever, hemorrhage, and necrosis of liver and kidneys; aseptic meningitis, nephritis, hepatitis with skin, muscle and eye lesions

Anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming rods, which is a normal flora of the intestine. It has enterotoxin that causes watery diarrhea and may lead to pseudomembranous colitis.

A toxin that causes scalded skin syndrome, a soft skin and tissue infection:

Lesions in the oral cavity caused by measles virus are known as:

Which among the following is/are correct about T-cells:

I. Lymphocytes produced in the bone marrow and required maturation in the thymus

II. Form several subclasses with specific functions - Helper T cells and Cytotoxic T cells

III. Source of cell-mediated immunity

Usually found on the contaminated rice:

Tetracycline may be the DOC for all EXCEPT:

The most important and most virulent among the streptococci:

A causative agent of peptic ulcer:

Streptococcus pneumoniae

I. Also known as “pneumococcus” a diplococci with lancet-shaped

II. Possess polysaccharide capsule identified by Quelling reaction

III. Causes CAP and triad of complications like meningitis, endocarditis and septic arthritis.

Causes hemorrhagic necrotizing pneumonia which is characterized by a “currant-jelly” sputum:

A Bubonic plague - high fever, painful and enlarged, tender modes (buboes) in the neck, groin or axillae; vomiting, diarrhea then later intravascular coagulation.

A microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecule that is responsible for the adherence to fibrinogen and fibrin:

An object that can harbor and transmit microorganisms

Escherichia coli, except:

The following are found in the cell wall of certain bacteria. Which of the following is exclusively found among fungi?

It involves the natural transfer of antibodies from a mother to an infant; short-term immunity that lasts only if the transmitted antibodies are present:

Inhibits protein synthesis by blocking elongation factor-2:

Characteristics of Clostridium tetani:

I. Tennis racket-shaped organism usually found in the soil

II. Produces “tetanospasmin”, whose MOA is to block the release of acetylcholine and inhibitory mediators like glycine and GABA leading to seizures/convu lesions

III. Causes tetany or tetanus charactereized by the following signs and symptoms: trismus, risus sardonicus, opisthotonos and spastic paralysis

IV. It is acquired through contaminated soil or sharp objects and in deep wounds

The endotoxin of gram-negative bacteria is associated with:

Which of the following microorganisms has not been linked to UTI’s?

A branch of biology concerned with dependence of one living organism over another organism, study of parasites

Only antibody that can pass the placenta:

This is a specific staining method for spirochetes:

Streptococcus agalactiae is classified as:

________ condition in which an immune response results in exaggerated on inappropriate reactions that are harmful to the host

It results from vaccination or the introduction of specifically prepared antigens into the body which triggers the formation of antibodies:

Which of the following diseases and bacteria are matched up incorrectly?

CASE ANALYSIS: An acid-fast, catalase negative bacillus that can be grown in Lowenstein-Jensen medium and can produce Niacin. It can be treated with Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide and INH.

Study of Fungi

Type IV Hypersensitivity:

I. Cell-mediated hypersensitivity

II. Hypersensitivity

III. Allergy

IV. Delayed hypersensitivity

The Enterobacteriaceae are commonly known as

Dapsone is given for

The antifungal antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces noursei

Correct about Staphylococcus aureus, except:

Pneumonic plague - chest pain, cough, hemoptysis and severe respiratory distress.

Which among the following is TRUE about Bacillus anthracis:

I. Normally found in sheep, goats, cattles, and horses

II. Special capsule containing D-glutamate

III. Medusa-head colonies

The spirochete that is tightly coiled, thin, and has a hook at its end is

Characterized with marked hypotension, and scarlatiniform rash followed by desquamation:

This is an important antifungal agent which inhibits DNA synthesis and is active only on yeasts (candida and cryptococcus)

The causative agent of food poisoning from canned good goods.

The first aminoglycoside used for tuberculosis

Associated with infection involving plastic devices such as implants and catheters

All of the following statement about Yersinia pestis:

I. One of the most virulent bacteria with a striking low ID50 = 1-10 MO

II. Vector transmission via rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis) and via inhalation

III. Causes “plaque” or “black death”

A spinal fluid specimen from a 28-year-old man shows N. meningitidis. The DOC is:

Causative agent of Bacillary dysentery

This is the most important agent used for severe systemic mycoses, but is toxic

A halophilic coma shaped, gram negative bacteria

An acid-fast bacillus that have mycolic acid in its cell wall, which can be seen in a palisade arrangement

DOTS is a strategy used to reduce the number of tuberculosis (TB) cases. DOTS stands for

A pentamer immunoglobulin that is produced early in the primary immune response

This is an antifungal that acts by inhibiting lanosterol C14-demethylase, an important enzyme in sterol synthesis.

DOC of Trypanosoma cruzi

DOC of Lassa Virus

DOC of Treponema pallidum

DOC of Yersinia pestis

DOC of Amoeba

DOC of Trypanosoma brucei

DOC of Nocardia asteroides

DOC of Rickettsia

DOC of VZV

DOC of Vibrio vulnificus

Urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis neonatal meningitis and “traveller’s diarrhea” are the most common disease caused by this gram negative, non-lactose bacilli: