WorksheetsUnit 5.1: Hydrology Challenge!
Total questions: 73
Worksheet time: 37mins
Which is one characteristic of deep ocean currents?
Deep ocean currents move quickly.
Deep ocean currents are caused by winds.
Deep ocean currents move cold water toward the equator.
Deep ocean currents are affected by temperature but not by salinity.
Which action causes breakers?
Waves hit the shore at an angle and transport sand.
Water flows away from the shore and moves sand with it.
Underwater earthquakes cause motion throughout ocean water.
Waves meet the shore and cause the crest to spill over the trough.
Which type of energy turns tidal turbines to create electrical energy?
kinetic
potential
solar
thermal
Which even typically causes upwelling?
Wind blows warm water away from the shore.
Warm water rises to the surface of the ocean.
Neap tides move cold water away from the shore.
Cold water falls to the bottom of the ocean and pushes warm water up.
Which event may occur when ocean salinity increases?
mass of water increases
freezing point of water increases
sunlight in deeper locations decreases
amount of dissolved gases in water increases
Which option identifies one section of the ocean floor?
intertidal zone
open ocean
neritic zone
transition zone
Which correctly lists the three main ocean zones?
deep, neritic, surface
intertidal, deep, surface
neritic, intertidal, open ocean
open ocean, deep, continental
Which correctly lists the three zones that further divide the open-ocean zone?
deep zone, intertidal zone, neritic zone
neritic zone, surface zone, trench zone
deep zone, surface zone, transition zone
intertidal zone, neritic zone, surface zone
A farmer is analyzing cross sections of his land to determine where to build a well.
Which phrase describes the best area to dig down to the groundwater?
where the saturated zone is 15 meters deep
where the water table is at 100 meters deep
where the unsaturated zone is 50 meters thick
where there is a 25-meter thick clay layer at the surface
A landscaper is shopping for landscaping materials. She wants to use materials through which water flows easily.
Which two materials should she choose?
clay and gravel
gravel and loosely packed soil
granite and rocks with cracks
rocks with cracks and clay
Which material is an aquifer layer most likely made of?
soil
clay
solid granite
cracked rocks
Which statement describes an attribute of an artesian well?
requires a bucket
uses natural pressure
needs a mechanical pump
is heated by hot rocks or magma
Which correctly lists three places that fresh water is found?
rivers, oceans, lakes
oceans, coastal wetlands, seas
ice sheets, water vapor, rivers
water vapor, streams, oceans
Which correctly lists three water sources that contribute to a river system?
groundwater, ponds, streams
lakes, rivers, ponds
rivers, streams, watersheds
streams, lakes, oceans
Which statement explains one way that ponds and lakes differ?
Ponds are shallower than lakes.
Ponds are larger than lakes.
Pond water moves more than lake water.
Lakes have more plants at the bottom than ponds.
Which phrase describes one type of freshwater wetland?
acidic areas found in northern climates
reservoirs created by dams at the end of rivers
areas of high elevation that feed into river systems
large, deep body of water that contains fresh water
The diagram illustrates the water cycle.
Which process occurs at location W?
precipitation
evaporation
condensation
transpiration
During which event is more energy produced compared to other days to turn a turbine?
El Nino
a tsunami
during a spring tide
during a low tide
Which is one way that spring tides are different from regular tides?
The occur twice a day.
They are caused by wind.
They happen along coastal areas.
They are extra-high tides and extra-low tides.
A person could float most easily in water that has which characteristic?
warm
fresh
low mass
low freezing point
Which describes a condition of the neritic zone?
few organisms
ample sunshine
changing salinity
frigid temperatures
The image shows a cross section of a landscape and a well.
Which of the layers shown in an aquifer?
1
2
3
4
What is unique about obtaining water from an artesian well?
The water is heated by magma or hot rocks.
The water is found in an impermeable layer.
The water is under pressure naturally and no pump is needed.
A mechanical pump must be installed to bring water to the surface.
Why is the Continental Divide important?
It forms two river systems.
It combines two large ice sheets.
It separates two major watersheds.
It splits two large rivers through tributaries.
Which type of wetland includes a mixture of salt water and fresh water?
bogs
swamps
inland marshes
coastal wetlands
The diagram illustrates the water cycle.
Which best describes the process occurring at locations U and X?
Water cycles from a nonliving to a living part of the environment.
Water changes from a liquid to a gas.
Water changes from a gas to a liquid.
Water cycles from a living to a nonliving part of the environment.
the change of state from a gas to a liquid
condensation
evaporation
transpiration
precipitation
the movement of water through the living and nonliving parts of the environment
runoff
evaporation
water cycle
transpiration
the change of state from a liquid to a gas
condensation
evaporation
transpiration
runoff
any form of water that falls from the clouds to Earth's surface
condensation
evaporation
transpiration
precipitation
the water that flows over the ground surface
groundwater
runoff
precipitation
evaporation
water that is stored in the ground
runoff
groundwater
precipitation
evaporation
the process by which water is lost from the leaves of plants
evaporation
condensation
transpiration
precipitation
the boundary that separates one watershed from another
runoff
divide
freshwater
groundwater
any water not found in oceans or seas
freshwater
divide
groundwater
reservoir
the water stored in the ground
river system
reservoir
freshwater
groundwater
a large natural or human-made lake used to supply water
groundwater
river system
reservoir
runoff
a river and all its tributaries
reservoir
river system
runoff
tributary
the water that flows over the ground surface
river system
runoff
tributary
watershed
a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake
tributary
watershed
wetland
runoff
an area of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers or seas
runoff
watershed
tributary
wetland
an area of land covered by shallow water part or all of the year
wetland
watershed
tributary
divide
the top of the saturated zone
water table
artesian well
impermeable
well
a well in which water reaches the surface due to natural pressure of an aquifer
water table
artesian well
impermeable
well
not allowing fluid to pass through
water table
artesian well
impermeable
well
a shaft dug into the ground to bring water from an aquifer to the surface
water table
artesian well
impermeable
well
a hot spring in which water intermittently boils, sending a tall column of water and team into the air
geyser
spring
unsaturated zone
saturated zone
natural flow of water from the ground or from rocks
geyser
spring
unsaturated zone
saturated zone
the area of permeable ground above the water table that is filled with a combination of water and air
geyser
spring
unsaturated zone
saturated zone
the area of permeable ground filled with groundwater
geyser
spring
unsaturated zone
saturated zone
a layer of permeable rock underground that can contain or transmit groundwater
aquifer
permeable
water table
artesian well
allowing liquids or gases to pass through
aquifer
permeable
water table
artesian well
the ability to float
buoyancy
abyssal plain
continental shelf
continental slope
a large underwater area on the ocean floor that is flat
buoyancy
abyssal plain
continental shelf
continental slope
the area of ocean floor around a large landmass where the sea is relatively shallow
buoyancy
abyssal plain
continental shelf
continental slope
the area where the ocean floor descends between the outer edge of the continental shelf and the deep ocean floor
buoyancy
abyssal plain
continental shelf
continental slope
the area of the ocean floor that is exposed to the air at low tide and submerged at high tide
intertidal zone
mid-ocean ridge
neritic zone
open-ocean zone
an area in the ocean that has an upwelling of molten material associated with seafloor spreading
intertidal zone
mid-ocean ridge
neritic zone
open-ocean zone
the relatively shallow part of the ocean above the drop-off of the continental shelf
intertidal zone
mid-ocean ridge
neritic zone
open-ocean zone
the zone of the ocean where water is deep and cold
intertidal zone
mid-ocean ridge
neritic zone
open-ocean zone
the concentration of dissolved salts in water
open-ocean zone
salinity
trench
upwelling
a long but narrow depression on the ocean floor
open-ocean zone
salinity
trench
upwelling
the upward movement of cold water from the deep ocean
open-ocean zone
salinity
trench
upwelling
the motion of material along a coast due to the angle of waves
longshore drift
tide
rip current
trough
the cyclical rise and fall of sea level
longshore drift
tide
rip current
trough
a strong, narrow current that flows from the beach out to sea
longshore drift
tide
rip current
trough
the lowest point of a wave
longshore drift
tide
rip current
trough
a large stream of moving water that flows through the ocean
current
upwelling
tsunami
crest
a large, powerful wave caused by an earthquake
current
tsunami
crest
wave
the highest point of a wave
current
tsunami
crest
wave
the movement of energy through a fluid causing the formation of crests and troughs
crest
wave
Coriolis effect
breaker
a force that acts on surface currents, causing their paths to curve
crest
wave
Coriolis effect
breaker
a wave that has the crest spill over toward the trough as it approaches the shore
crest
wave
Coriolis effect
breaker
