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Final Astronomy Assessment

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 1hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the two factors that influence gravity the most?
a)
Mass and weight
b)
Weight and gravity
c)
Mass and distance
d)
Weight and distance
2.

The attraction of one mass to another is defined as

a)

Orbit

b)

Relative size

c)

Gravity

d)

Planetary motion

3.

The _______ of an object is a measure of the amount of matter it contains.

a)

Energy

b)

Mass

c)

Force

d)

Weight

4.

What happens in the core of a star?

a)

hydrogen and helium atoms are created

b)

nuclear fusion

c)

hydrogen atoms cool helium atoms down

d)

other stars born

5.

What does a star mainly consist of? (Tick 2 boxes.)

a)

helium

b)

iron

c)

carbon

d)

hydrogen

6.
The period of the earth's orbit around the sun is ____.
a)
1 day
b)
1 year
c)
24 hours
d)
364 hours
7.

Supernova

a)

Star left at the core of a planetary nebula

b)

a large cloud of gas or dust in space

c)

the earliest stage of a star's life

d)

red super giant explodes

8.

Neutron Star

a)

The remains of a high mass star

b)

Exerts such a strong gravitational pull that no light escapes

c)

What a medium-mass star becomes at the end of its life

d)

The star left at the core of a planetary nebula

9.

What is the force that acts on a nebula to cause the formation of a protostar?

a)

Inertia

b)

Nuclear Fusion

c)

Gravity

10.

There are 2 points in the life cycle of a star that stars can take different paths. In each of these cases, it is the _______ of the star that determines the path it will take.

a)

Color

b)

Mass

c)

Temperature

d)

Brightness

11.

A star is born when:

a)

nuclear fusion starts

b)

a nebula becomes a protostar

c)

gases in a nebula condense

d)

hydrogen is used up in fusion processes

12.

Main sequence stars are made primarily of which elements?

a)

Hydrogen only

b)

Helium and Carbon

c)

Carbon and Iron

d)

Hydrogen and Helium

13.
Stars can take different paths due to having different _____________
a)
temperature
b)
mass
c)
brightness
d)
color
14.
What are stars?
a)
Huge spheres of hot gas that emits light and other radiation
b)
Bright spheres made of different types of rock and metals
c)
Large reflective objects in space
d)
Satellites that orbit around planets
15.
A star is born and lit up  when ______ happens and provides the star with energy that it will use for millions of years.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
gravity
c)
hydrogen
d)
iron
16.
All stars begin as a __________?
a)
giant
b)
black hole
c)
white dwarf
d)
nebula
17.

Stars can take different paths due to their initial . . .

a)

temperature

b)

mass

c)

brightness

d)

color

18.
After the main sequence, a low mass star becomes a
a)
black dwarf
b)
protostar
c)
red giant
d)
supergiant
19.
In this stage, a star spends most of its life. Hydrogen is fused into helium at a temperature of millions of degrees.
a)
nebula
b)
protostar
c)
main-sequence
d)
supergiant
20.
As the mass of a star increases, its life expectancy __________ because it burns fuel more rapidly.
a)
decreases
b)
increases
21.
A medium-mass star like our sun is expected to live for __________ years.
a)
10 Billion
b)
10 Thousand
c)
10 Million
d)
10 trillion
22.
More massive stars continue to fuse elements in their cores all the way up to ________.
a)
silicon
b)
iron (Fe)
c)
carbon
d)
plutonium
23.
a gigantic explosion that causes the death of a large star
a)
pulsar
b)
red giant 
c)
supernova
d)
black hole
24.
All stars the main sequence are middle aged. That is, they are fusing ________ into ________ in their cores.
a)
hydrogen into helium
b)
helium into carbon
c)
oxygen into iron
d)
helium into hydrogen
25.
How did the elements we have on Earth get here?
a)
They are all man-made.
b)
They were formed in stars that eventually exploded in supernova.
c)
The sun created all of our elements through fusion.
d)
Elements blew to earth through solar wind.
26.
In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?
a)
Stars Get Larger
b)
Stars get Colder
c)
Stars get hotter
27.

When an iron core is reached gravity takes over and a(n) _________ occurs.

a)

black hole

b)

neutron star

c)

explosion

d)

supernova

28.
Which of these puts the main parts of an average star's life cycle in the correct order?
a)
protostar>
main sequence>
red giant >
white dwarf
b)
protostar> 
main sequence> 
white dwarf> 
red giant
c)
main sequence> 
protostar> 
white dwarf> 
red giant
d)
protostar> 
red giant >
main sequence> 
white dwarf
29.
Our sun is currently in what star stage?
a)
Protostar
b)
Nebula
c)
Main Sequence
d)
Red Giant
30.
______ is a force that causes dust particles to stick together in a nebula.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
gravity
c)
hydrogen
d)
friction
31.

A ________ is an object so dense with so much gravity that even light cannot escape.

a)

neutron star

b)

white dwarf

c)

black hole

d)

black dwarf

32.

Our sun will end its life as a black hole

a)

true

b)

false

33.

How many stars are there in our solar system

a)

1

b)

1 billion

c)

1 million

d)

100

34.

Only the biggest stars in the universe can become black holes at the end of their life.

a)

true

b)

false

35.

What is meant by, "We are all star dust"? Explain how star evolution is the answer to this concept. Discuss low mass and high mass stars, how they differ, and how elements are created.

4 lines
36.

Name the point directly above an observers head

a)

North Celestial Pole

b)

Nadir

c)

Zenith

d)

Polaris

37.

An imaginary dome of the sky onto which all celestial objects such as stars, moons and planets can be plotted.

a)

Sun

b)

Celestial Sphere

c)

Apparent Motion

d)

Real Motion

38.

What is the celestial equator?

a)

A band of constellations through which the planets and sun appear to move.

b)

The line that the sun traces across the celestial sphere.

c)

An imaginary line in the sky directly above Earth's equator.

d)

An imaginary line running north-south through the zenith

39.
Which of the following best describes the tilt of the earth when it is summer in the southern hemisphere?
a)
The northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun
b)
The northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun
c)
The norther hemisphere is tilted neither toward or away from the sun
d)
Why are you talking about the northern hemisphere when you asked about the southern hemisphere?
40.
What is the name of the star closest to the Celestial North Pole?
a)
Rigel
b)
Vega
c)
Polaris
d)
Orion
41.

If an astronomer informs you that a constellation is at the zenith, where would you look for it?

a)

northern horizon

b)

southern horizon

c)

directly overhead

d)

eastern horizon

42.

How much of the celestial sphere can an observer on Earth see at one time?

a)

less than half

b)

exactly half

c)

more than half

43.

If you were standing at the North Pole, Polaris will be ___.

a)

on the northern horizon

b)

below the horizon

c)

at your zenith

d)

to the north at an altitude equal to your latitude

44.

What is the Sun's apparent path through the celestial sphere called?

a)

meridian

b)

declination

c)

ecliptic

d)

right ascension

45.
9. In the Northern Hemisphere, the altitude (height in degrees above the horizon) of the North Star is always roughly equal to the
a)
longitude of the observer
b)
latitude of the observer
c)
altitude of the Sun
d)
the tilt of the Earth's axis
e)
the temperature at midnight
46.
16. If the Earth goes around the Sun, why is the ecliptic not lined up with the celestial equator?
a)
the ecliptic is a circle fixed in the sky, but the celestial equator is different for observers at different latitudes
b)
the Earth's orbit is not a circle but an ellipse
c)
the Earth's axis is tilted by about 23 degrees from the vertical
d)
the pull of the other planets makes the Earth wobble significantly in the course of a year
e)
the land mass of the Earth is more concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere
47.
18. The strip of the sky through which the Sun, the Moon, and the bright planets appear to move in the course of a year is called:
a)
the zodiac
b)
the celestial equator
c)
the circumpolar zone
d)
the horizon
e)
the asteroid belt
48.
19. The 88 sectors into which astronomers today divide the celestial sphere (the whole sky) are called:
a)
zodiacs
b)
constellations
c)
asterisms
d)
epicycles
e)
celestial states
49.
20. Within a constellation, a smaller, recognizable pattern of stars is often called:
a)
a Dipper
b)
a zodiac
c)
an asterism
d)
an ecliptic
e)
a cameo
50.
The Celestial Sphere's coordinates are related to what Earth system of coordinates?
a)
Arctic & Antarctic Circles
b)
Longitude & Latitude
c)
Tropics of Capricorn and Cancer
d)
Sonar systems
51.
What are the units for right ascension?
a)
degrees
b)
hours
c)
arc milliseconds
d)
kilometers
52.
What the celestial equivalent of "longitude?" 
a)
Inclination
b)
Left Ascension
c)
Right Ascension
d)
Declination
53.
What the celestial equivalent of "latitude?" 
a)
Inclination
b)
Left Ascension
c)
Right Ascension
d)
Declination
54.

Write the following number in scientific notation.

360

a)

3.6×1023.6\times10^2  

b)

0.36×1020.36\times10^2  

c)

3.6×1033.6\times10^3  

d)

3.6×10−23.6\times10^{-2}  

55.

Write the following number in scientific notation.

0.052

a)

5.2×1015.2\times10^1  

b)

5.2×10−15.2\times10^{-1}  

c)

5.2×10−25.2\times10^{-2}  

d)

5.2×1025.2\times10^2  

56.

Write the following number in standard form. Type your answer with no spaces and no commas.

4.35×1054.35\times10^5  

(a)  

57.

Write the following number in scientific notation correctly.

942.1×108942.1\times10^8  

a)

9.421×1089.421\times10^8  

b)

9.421×1059.421\times10^5  

c)

9.421×10119.421\times10^{11}  

d)

9.421×10109.421\times10^{10}  

58.

Order these from largest to smallest.

a)

Galaxy, Universe, Planetary System, Solar System

b)

Planetary System, Solar System, Galaxy, Universe

c)

Universe, Galaxy, Solar System, Planetary System

d)

Solar System, Universe, Galaxy, Planetary System

59.

A light year (ly) is a unit of ...

a)

time

b)

distance

c)

speed

60.

Which are ordered smallest to largest

a)

person, galaxy, continent, universe,solar system

b)

person, continent, solar system, galaxy, universe

c)

universe, galaxy, solar system, continent, person

d)

person, universe, solar system, continent, galaxy

61.

This is the largest object in our solar system.

a)

Jupiter's Moon

b)

Jupiter

c)

Neptune

d)

Sun

62.

A student made a model of how the planets orbit the sun. She used a tennis ball to represent the sun. She used ping-pong balls to represent each planet, and painted each one a different color. Then, she placed all the ping-pong balls equal distances apart in a line extending out from the sun. What are two limitations of the student's model?

a)

She used the same size balls to represent the planets.

b)

She made planets orbit the sun.

c)

The planets are not the correct distances from the sun.

d)

The solar system can't be modeled using actual objects.

63.

Why is making a model of the solar system difficult?

a)

Don't have the right materials

b)

The solar system is so big and the objects in it are so small in comparison

c)

There are too many parts in a model

d)

Because the science concepts are too difficult

64.
Movement of Earth around the sun.
a)
Rotation
b)
Revolution
65.
Spinning of Earth on its axis.
a)
Rotation
b)
Revolution
66.

What is left behind after a low-mass star dies?

a)

Supernova remnant

b)

Neutron star

c)

Black hole

d)

White dwarf

67.

What is synthesized in a supernova that cannot be created during the normal life of a star?

a)

Carbon

b)

Helium

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Elements heavier than iron

68.

What triggers the formation of a black hole after a high-mass star dies?

a)

A supernova explosion

b)

An increase in solar flares

c)

A decrease in gravitational pull

d)

The formation of new stars

69.

Why do stars shine?

a)

Nuclear fusion in their cores

b)

Nuclear fission in their outer layers

c)

Matter is being destroyed

d)

Nuclear fusion in their outer layers

70.

What type of stars are cooler in temperature AND of high luminosity?

a)

Blue Giants

b)

Red Supergiants

c)

White Dwarfs

d)

Main Sequence

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