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U4 Quiz 1: Genetics of Skin Color

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What type of "square" helps us solve genetic problems?
a)
carpenter square
b)
Mendel square
c)
Punnett square
d)
genetic square
2.
"The Great White Shark was 20 feet in length.  Phenotype or Genotype?
a)
phenotype
b)
genotype
3.

Red (R) is dominant over white (r). How can a flower be white?

a)

It can have RR and be white.

b)

It has to have rr.

c)

It has to have rR

d)

There is no way it can be white until the third generation.

4.

Different versions of a gene that code for the same trait are called?

a)

chromosomes

b)

segments

c)

alleles.

d)

homozygous.

5.
What is it called when a sperm and egg meet?
a)
meiosis
b)
fertilization
c)
cell division
d)
mitosis
6.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented?
a)
mitosis, gametes
b)
mitosis, body cells
c)
meiosis, gametes
d)
meiosis, body cells
7.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
8.
A male shark has 40 chromosomes in each of its sex cells. How many would be present in its body cells?
a)
20
b)
40
c)
80
d)
160
9.
Compared to the number of chromosomes contained in a body cell, how many chromosomes would normally be contained in a gamete?
a)
The same number
b)
One-fourth as many
c)
Twice as many
d)
Half as many
10.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
11.
Crossing over helps promote 
a)
male genotype
b)
genetic variation
c)
DNA replication
d)
mitosis
12.
A human zygote should have _____ chromosomes inside.
a)
46
b)
23
c)
92
d)
64
13.
a)

INCREASES GENETIC VARIATION

b)

TAKES PLACE IN PROPHASE I

c)

CROSSING OVER

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

14.

WHAT TYPE OF CELLS STORE THE GENETIC INFORMATION THAT IS PASSED TO OFF-SPRING

a)

BODY CELLS

b)

MITOSIS

c)

EGG

d)

SPERM

e)

EGG AND SPERM

15.

MEIOSIS

a)

REDUCES THE NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES BY ONE HALF

b)

PRODUCES UNIQUE SEX CELLS-1N

c)

ALLOWS TRAITS TO BE PASSED TO OFFSPRING

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

e)

INCREASE GENETIC VARIATION

16.

What is number 2 called?

a)

centromere

b)

chromosome

c)

chromatid

d)

homologous chromosomes

17.

What is number 1 called?

a)

chromosome

b)

centromere

c)

sister chromatids

d)

chromatin

18.

This picture which illustrates the structure and number of chromosome is called? (Hint: start with k...)

(a)  

19.

An organism's reproductive cells, sperm and egg cells, are called _____.

a)

bacteria

b)

prokaryotes

c)

gametes

d)

pathogens

20.

A _______ is a segment of DNA that controls our traits.

a)

gene

b)

gamete

c)

chromosome

d)

chromatid

21.

A _________ is DNA tightly coiled around proteins.

a)

gene

b)

chromosome

c)

trait

d)

mutation

22.

The 2 exact copies of DNA in a chromosome are called ________.

a)

chromatids

b)

genes

c)

mutations

d)

pathogens

23.

How many chromosomes does a human body cell have, total?

a)

48

b)

46

c)

23

d)

47

24.

Chromosomes that are organized in pairs, are the same size, and have the same genes are called _______ chromosomes.

a)

homeostasis

b)

homologous

c)

matching

d)

sister

25.

How many chromosomes do we get from each parent?

a)

12

b)

23

c)

46

d)

78

26.

Chromosomes are only visible when a cell divides.

a)

True

b)

False

27.

Blue eyes

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

28.

Curly hair

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

29.

Aa

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

30.

Two of the same allele

a)

Homozygous Genotype

b)

Recessive Phenotype

c)

Heterozygous Genotype

31.

Two different alleles

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

32.
What is a phenotype
a)
2 alleles
b)
Genetic code represented by letter
c)
Measurement of productivity due to genetics
d)
Observable physical characterisitcs
33.
________ is when nature determines which animals reproduce.  Also known as "survival of the fittest."
a)
Allele
b)
Commercial
c)
Heredity
d)
Natural Selection
34.
__________ is a number from 0-1.0 representing how much a specific trait is affected by the animal's genetic information
a)
Artificial Selection
b)
Heritablility Factor
c)
Purebred Factor
d)
Genetic Score
35.
A method of calculating the chances of inheriting a specific trait is...
a)
Punnet Square
b)
Heritability Factor
c)
Quantitative
d)
Commercial 
36.

What does this image represent?

a)

weather conditions

b)

amount of ultraviolet light intensity

c)

skin color

d)

altitude

37.

Traveling away from the equator, what happens in general to the amount of UV intensity?

a)

The intensity decreases.

b)

The intensity increases

c)

The intensity stays the same.

d)

It is impossible to predict.

38.

Who would be most at risk of developing rickets, a bone disease caused by insufficient calcium absorption?

a)

Children born to mothers with dark skin living far from the equator.

b)

Adults with dark skin who live close to the equator.

c)

Children born to mothers with light skin, living close to the equator.

d)

Adults with light skin who live close to the equator.

e)

Anyone who eats a diet that includes a lot of fish

39.
What is melanin?
a)
A protein pigment that absorbs and reflects light
b)
A protein that is waterproof and tough
c)
A cell found in the epidermis
d)
A vitamin that helps you sleep
40.
What kind of cells create melanin?
a)
Keratinocyte
b)
Melanocyte
c)
Leukocyte
d)
Erythrocyte
41.
Different tones of human skin color evolved 
a)
in response to varying levels of UV radiation in the environment
b)
Randomly and for no reason at all
42.
If a person lives in an environment with low radiation what kind of skin color would be the best adapted
a)
Darker skin tones to increase production of Vitamin D Synthesis
b)
Darker skin tones to protect DNA and Folate
c)
Lighter Skin tones to increase production of Vitamin D
d)
Lighter Skin tones to protect DNA and Folate
43.

How does melanin protect cell's DNA from the damaging effects of Ultraviolet light?

a)

It relies on folate

b)

It doesn't you must use sunscreen

c)

it activates vitamin D3 production which takes care of that

d)

Forms a protective cap over the nucleus of skin cells

44.
What is the evolutionary benefit for dark skin near the equator?
a)
Skin cancer protection
b)
Folate Protection
c)
It has no evolutionary relationship
d)
Easier vitamin D production
45.
What is the evolutionary benefit of light skin in the northern latitude.
a)
Skin cancer protection
b)
Folate Protection
c)
It has no evolutionary relationship
d)
Easier vitamin D production
46.

What is the name given to all the genetic information that an organism possesses?

a)

Genome

b)

Book of Information

c)

Genus

d)

Geneticology

47.

Where is DNA found in the cells of eukaryotes?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

nucleus

c)

ribosomes

d)

proteins

48.

If a portion of original DNA is ATTCGA, what will the complimentary strand be?

a)

TAAGCT

b)

ATTCGA

c)

TATTCG

d)

CGATTA

49.

If a portion of original DNA is GCTAAT, what will the complimentary strand be?

a)

TAAGCT

b)

ATTCGA

c)

TATTCG

d)

CGATTA

50.

Genes contian instructions for building

a)

nucleosomes

b)

proteins

c)

purines

d)

nuclear radiation

51.

Which base is NOT found in DNA?

a)

uracil

b)

thymine

c)

adenine

d)

guanine

52.

If a trait is dominant, it will be expressed if the individual has how many dominant alleles?

a)

2

b)

1

c)

0

d)

It depends on the trait

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