Plasma creatinine is ____ related to glomerular filtration rate

Creatinine if formed from these amino acids

Cause of increase in Creatinine levels

Cause of decrease in Creatinine levels

Strenuous exercise or fist clenching can result to a falsely increased creatinine result

Dopamine and Lidocaine can falsely decrease creatinine result

This method produces a Red-orange complex known as Janovski Complex

An enzymatic method where Creatinine reacts with DNBA to form a purplish rose colored product

In this method, protein-free filtrate is first absorbed by hydrated aluminum silicate to remove interfering substances to measures the value of true creatinine.

Major excretory product of protein digestion

Urea is ________ in the kidney

This occurs when there is a lesion in the kidney

This is seen in kidney stones, prostatic enlargement, and tumor of the urinary tract

A clinical syndrome in a patient suffering from loss of renal function

In this method, urea reacts directly with xanthydral reagent to form dixanthydral urea

This measures the conductivity of a mixture where NH4+ and HCO3- are generated by the urease reaction.

Normal value for serum urea

Adaptation of Nesslerization method for measuring urea

Urea is stable in urine samples for up to

End-product of purine metabolism

Confirm diagnosis and monitor treatment of gout

High bilirubin concentration may ____ result in uric acid obtained by peroxidase methods

High bilirubin concentration may falsely decrease result obtained by peroxidase method

In Blaunch & Koch method, the uric acid concentration in the sample is proportional to the ___ in absorbance

Method where the hydrogen peroxide produced is used to oxidize methanol to formaldehyde.

The enzyme uricase may be extracted from

Normal value for uric acid (female)

Uric acid levels is increased in

Uric acid levels is increased in

Conversion factor for Creatinine

Conversion factor for Uric Acid

Normal value of total NPNs in wholeblood

Which of the following is a fasting specimen

Most accurate for GFR determination

Most common endogenous substance used for GFR determination.

Decreased Urea clearance may indicate

Used to exclude nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Used to confirm the diagnosis of distal renal tubular acidosis

Normal value for inulin clearance (Male)

This substance is independent on the volume of blood perfusing the kidney and has been the reference method for ERPF determination.

Normal value for PSP Dye excretion test

A urinary osmolality <750 mOsmol/Kg H2O implies a normal concentrating ability of tubules.

This is used to evaluate renal function and to differentiate between etiologies of polyuria.

The concentration and dilution of kidney tubules are based on the degree of hydration or tonicity of extracellular fluid.

What condition does U/S osmol ratio: <1.2 and Urine Na: > <1.2 Urine Na: >20 mEq/L suggests?

What condition does U/S osmol ratio: <1 suggests?

The principle of this method is NADH consumption which is measured at 340nm

One adaptations of Jaffe reaction that is less specific as in it measures non-creatinine chromogens as well like glucose, proteins, acetoacetate, pyruvate, uric acid, fructose and ascorbic acid

The H2O2 produced by the enzymatic reaction is coupled with peroxidase reaction using chromogens such as o-dianisidine, dimethyl aniline, p-amino phenazone

It is considered the most reliable test for renal pathology and screening test or index of overall renal function

It is a measure of the clearance if normal molecules that are not bound to protein and are freely filtered by the glomeruli neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubule

Calculate for Creatinine Clearance: Serum creatinine = 2.6 mg/dL; Urine volume = 1100mL; Urine creatinine = 240mg/dL

Calculate for Creatinine Clearance: Serum creatinine = 5.9 mg/dL; Urine volume = 800mL; Urine creatinine = 660mg/dL

Preservative used for preserving NPNs in urine

This makes up majority of the NPNs

Convert BUN = 2.89mg/dL to Urea (mg/dL)

Convert Urea = 9.8mg/dL to BUN (mg/dL)

In measuring creatinine, plasma or serum is preferred over whole blood because of the interference posed by chromogens in red blood cells

Urine osmolality is the best method to determine maximal concentration and dilution of urine.