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Weathering and Erosion Test Review

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The breakdown of materials on Earth's surface.

a)

erosion

b)

sediment transport

c)

weathering

d)

deposition

2.

Soil layers with unique textures, colors, and compositions.

a)

horizons

b)

correlation

c)

sediment

d)

fertilizer

3.

A mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that supports plant life.

a)

bedrock

b)

horizons

c)

soil

d)

sediment

4.

The removal of weathered materials.

a)

depletion

b)

deposition

c)

weathering

d)

erosion

5.

The cause of weathering and erosion that occurs the fastest.

a)

running water

b)

waves

c)

wind

d)

glaciers

6.

The cause of weathering and erosion that occurs the slowest.

a)

running water

b)

waves

c)

wind

d)

glaciers

7.

The removal of essential nutrients from soil by plants and animals.

a)

sediment transport

b)

deposition

c)

crop rotation

d)

soil depletion

8.

The process of a material being changed into another material as a result of exposure to wind, rain, air, sunlight, and other environmental factors.

a)

mechanical weathering

b)

physical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

chemical weathering

9.

The physical breakdown of materials into smaller pieces.

a)

chemical weathering

b)

mechanical weathering

c)

soil depletion

d)

erosion

10.

Erodes and weathers materials by picking up sand and dust which polishes and shapes landforms.

a)

running water

b)

waves

c)

wind

d)

glaciers

11.

Organic matter which is present in soil.

a)

fertilizer

b)

humus

c)

water

d)

air

12.

Causes weathering and erosion along coastlines.

a)

running water

b)

wind

c)

waves

d)

glaciers

13.

The hard, rocky surface that remains after sand is removed from a desert by wind erosion.

a)

bedrock

b)

parent material

c)

subsoil

d)

desert pavement

14.

Natural and chemical additives that are used to return essential nutrients to depleted soil.

a)

humus

b)

organic matter

c)

fertilizers

d)

sediment

15.

A technique used to replenish depleted soil by planting different crops in alternating years.

a)

fertilizer

b)

sediment transport

c)

crop rotation

d)

soil depletion

16.

Large sediment deposits at the point where rivers empty into larger bodies of water.

a)

sand bars

b)

deltas

c)

sea stacks

d)

sea arches

17.

A large mass of ice that moves and causes weathering and erosion.

a)

glacier

b)

iceberg

c)

bedrock

d)

outcrop

18.

The process of eroded soil and rock being moved to another location.

a)

deposition

b)

soil depletion

c)

crop rotation

d)

sediment transport

19.

Large ditches that are created as a result of running water erosion.

a)

channels

b)

canyons

c)

gulleys

d)

valleys

20.

The process of weathered material being dropped off in a new location.

a)

erosion

b)

soil depletion

c)

sediment transport

d)

deposition

21.

Channels may develop into these after long periods of continued erosion.

a)

canyons

b)

valleys

c)

gullyes

d)

trenches

22.

Unweathered material below soil that is eventually broken down and weathered to form new soil.

a)

parent material

b)

subsoil

c)

topsoil

d)

bedrock

23.

Which of the following best describes the A Horizon of soil?

a)

it contains organic matter

b)

it is topsoil

c)

it supports plant life

d)

all of these

24.

Which of the following erodes materials the fastest?

a)

waves

b)

wind

c)

glaciers

d)

running water

25.

Which of the following erodes materials the slowest?

a)

waves

b)

glaciers

c)

running water

d)

wind

26.

Which of the following are measures that are taken to replenish depleted soils?

a)

chemical fertilizers

b)

natural fertilizers

c)

crop rotation

d)

all of these

27.

The physical breakdown of materials into smaller pieces is known as ______________.

a)

chemical weathering

b)

mechanical weathering

c)

soil depletion

d)

erosion

28.

Which cause of erosion is responsible for forming the Great Lakes?

a)

running water

b)

wind

c)

glaciers

d)

waves

29.

The humus found in soil includes which of the following?

a)

decomposing organisms

b)

waste products from living things

c)

bacteria and fungi

d)

all of these

30.

Soils are classified based on ________________.

a)

water retention

b)

amount of humus

c)

amount of air

d)

particle size

31.

Which type of soil consists of small particles with low amounts of air?

a)

loam

b)

silt

c)

sand

d)

clay

32.

Which type of soil consists of large particles with large amounts of air?

a)

loam

b)

silt

c)

sand

d)

clay

33.

Which type of soil consists of medium particles and is high in humus?

a)

loam

b)

sand

c)

silt

d)

clay

34.

Which of the following is formed by wave erosion?

a)

sea stacks

b)

sand bars

c)

headlands

d)

all of these

35.

The process of a material changing to a new material as a result of exposure to water, wind, air, sunlight, and other environmental factors is known as _______________.

a)

mechanical weathering

b)

erosion

c)

chemical weathering

d)

soil depletion

36.

Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?

a)

soil formation

b)

rust formation

c)

coastal outcropping

d)

canyon formation

37.

Which of the following is an example of mechanical weathering?

a)

soil formation

b)

rust formation

c)

copper oxidation

d)

sediment transport

38.

Which of the following affects the rate and amount of weathering and erosion of a material?

a)

temperature

b)

time

c)

composition of the material

d)

all of these

39.

Which of the following affects the rate and amount of weathering and erosion of a material?

a)

water

b)

air

c)

wind

d)

all of these

40.

Why is weathering important to living things?

a)

weathering creates soil which supports plant life

b)

without weathering there would be no plants

c)

weathering is necessary to plants and most living things depend on plants for survival

d)

all of these

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