Product improvements, product modifications, and original products can all be classified as ________.

Some products that have entered the decline stage have been cycled back to the growth stage through ________.

________ segmentation divides buyers into segments based on their knowledge, attitudes, uses, or responses concerning a product.

________ segmentation divides the market into segments based on variables such as age, life-cycle stage, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, ethnicity, and generation.

Marketers often segment international markets according to the type and stability of government. In such instances, they segment markets based on ________.

________ includes sales presentations, trade shows, and incentive programs.

________ consists of strong short-term incentives that invite and reward quick responses from customers.

A consumer is reading a magazine with an advertisement, but due to a loud sound he is distracted from reading the advertisement and is not able to grasp its key points. In the context of the communication process, this unplanned static or distortion is called ________.

Business-to-consumer companies are more likely to emphasize a ________ promotion strategy, while business-to-business companies are more likely to emphasize a ________ promotion strategy.