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Unit 2: DNA, protein synthesis - Practice Test

Total questions: 61

Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)

contains uracil

3.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
4.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
5.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
6.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
7.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
8.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
9.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)
nucleic acid
c)
cholesterol
d)
fatty acid
10.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
11.
What part of DNA is different between individuals?
a)
Sugar
b)
Phosphate
c)
Order of nitrogen bases
12.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
13.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
14.
What does this picture represent?
a)
amino acid
b)
base pairing
c)
nucleotide
d)
the DNA molecule
15.

Which of the following characteristics is NOT seen in both DNA and RNA?

a)

A single strand

b)

Adenine

c)

Cytosine

d)

A double helix

16.

Which of the following are properties of RNA?

a)

Deoxyribose, uracil, and a globular structure

b)

Deoxyribose, ribose, and uracil

c)

Ribose, uracil, and a linear structure

d)

Deoxyribose, thymine, and a linear structure

17.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

18.

A gene is

a)

the same as a chromosome

b)

the info for making a polypeptide (protein)

c)

made of RNA

d)

made of protein

19.
The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in
a)
none of these
b)
Two DNA molecules.  One original molecule and one with two new strands
c)
two exact copies with new strands
d)
two identical molecules, each with 1 original strand and one new.
20.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
21.
Why does DNA replicate?
a)
To create another copy for the new cell
b)
To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged
c)
To create a new copy to replace the damaged original
22.
Which enzyme has the job of unzipping the double helix?
a)
Helicase
b)
Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primerase
23.
A DNA nucleotide contains all of the following, except...
a)
Deoxyribose
b)
Phosphate group
c)
Nitrogenous base
d)
Cholesterol
24.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
25.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
26.

Seals DNA together at the end of replication

a)
DNA Polymerase
b)
ligase
c)
helicase
d)
primase
27.

DNA replication occurs in the _ of eukaryotes and the _ of prokaryotes.

a)

cytoplasm, nucleus

b)

mitochondria, cytoplasm

c)

mitochondria, chloroplast

d)

nucleus, cytoplasm

28.
Non disjunction of chromosomes occurs during
?
a)
Meiosis
b)
Mitosis
c)
Replication 
29.
Mutations affect the ________ of a protein. Because of this the proteins ______ is affected as well. 
a)
gene, function 
b)
sequence, gene
c)
shape,function
30.
mutations cause changes in traits because?
a)
mutations affect nucleosynthesis 
b)
Mutations affect gamete production 
c)
mutation affect meiosis
d)
mutations affect protein synthesis
31.
What situation causes a deletion?
a)
Part of the chromosome is missing
b)
Part of the chromosome is attached backwards
c)
Part of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome
d)
Part of a chromosome is duplicated 
32.

What biological sex is shown in this karyotype?

a)
Male
b)
Female
33.

What type of chromosomal mutation is shown here?

a)

Trisomy 18

b)

Trisomy 21

c)

Sex chromosome mutation (23)

34.
What are the building blocks of proteins called?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Amino Acids
35.

What type of mutation is shown in the diagram?

a)

Point mutation - missense

b)

Frameshift Mutation - deletion

c)

Frameshift Mutation - addition

d)

Point mutation - nonsense

36.

What types of living organisms have no genetic material at all?

a)

Insects

b)

Bacteria

c)

Plants

d)

All living organisms have genetic material

37.

A permanent change in the DNA sequence

which can affect a single gene or group of genes

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Somatic Cell

c)

Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Gene Mutation

38.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

39.

Original: ATC CAT

Mutation: ATC GCAT

What mutation occurred?

a)

deletion

b)

insertion

c)

silent

d)

transverse

40.

True or false, mutations create genetic diversity?

a)

True

b)

False

41.

What is a type of Mutation?

a)

Deletions

b)

Insertions

c)

Substitutions

d)

All of the Above

42.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

43.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

44.

TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT

a)

AUGCAAUGA

b)

ATGCAATGA

c)

AUGGATUGA

d)

TACGTTACT

45.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

46.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

47.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

48.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
49.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
50.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
51.
How many base pairs would be needed to chain together 3 amino acids?
a)
3
b)
6
c)
9
d)
12
52.

What process is steps 1-3 referring to?

a)

DNA Replication

b)

Transcription

c)

Translation

d)

Nucleus

53.

What is 11. pointing to?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Ribosome

c)

mRNA

d)

Nucleus

54.

What is 2. pointing to?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Ribosome

c)

mRNA

d)

Nucleus

55.

What does tRNA carry to the ribosome?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Codons

c)

Amino Acids

d)

None of the Above

56.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

57.

Which of the following is a codon?

a)
b)

ATG

c)

AUG

d)

AUT

58.

On which molecule can an anticodon be found?

a)

mRNA

b)

DNA

c)

tRNA

d)

rRNA

59.

A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.

a)

amino acids; peptide

b)

fatty acids; ionic

c)

proteins; hydrogen

d)

fatty acids; covalent

60.

TRANSLATE this RNA sequence: AUGCAAUGA

a)

Met-Glu-Stop

b)

Met-His-Stop

c)

Thr-Glu-Stop

d)

Thr-Pro-Stop

61.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Insertion
c)
Base Inversion
d)
Translocation

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