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Inheritance

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What did Gregor Mendel use to discover the principles that rule heredity?
a)
Pea Plant
b)
Pigeons
c)
Pear trees
d)
Photosynthesis
2.
What did Mendel call the two kinds of traits exhibited by the pea plants (one coming from the father, one from the mother)?
a)
Genesis
b)
Elective traits
c)
Alleles
d)
Quadrants
3.
What do we call the result of the genotype (for example, the color of the peas)?
a)
Visible traits
b)
Physiotrait
c)
Genotype 2
d)
Phenotype
4.
What do we call the table used to calculate the probability of an offspring's genotype?
a)
Punnett square
b)
Venn diagram
c)
Golden ratio
d)
Fibonacci sequence
5.
This phenotype is more likely to be prominent in offspring
a)
Genotype
b)
Dominant genotyp
c)
Recessive Phenotype
d)
monotypes
6.
This type of phenotype is less likely to be prominent in offspring
a)
Dominant genotype
b)
Recessive genotype
c)
Dominant phenotype
d)
Recessive phenotype
7.

Given T=tall, t=short; P=purple; p=white. Which genotype is a heterozygous purple, short plant?

a)

pptt

b)

PpTt

c)

PPtt

d)

Pptt

e)

PpTT

8.

Pod shapes of peas can be Smooth (S) or constricted (s). Two heterozygous plants are crossed. Using the punnet square- mark all statements that are true.

a)

The majority of offspring are mostly smooth pod shape.

b)

The phenotypic ratio is 1:2:1

c)

There is a 1/2 chance for the heterozygous genotype.

d)

25% of the genotypes are expected to be true-breeding constricted.

9.

What can be determined from a Punnett square? (mark all that apply)

a)

Parents' genotypes

b)

Actual phenotype percentages of offspring

c)

Offsprings' possible phenotypes

d)

Actual genotype percentages of offspring

10.
Both parents in this Punnet square
a)
are homozygous dominant
b)
are homozygous recessive
c)
are heterozygous
d)
have blue eyes
11.
Axial flowers is dominant to terminal. What is the probabilty of offspring being terminal?
a)
1/4
b)
2/4
c)
3/4
d)
4/4
12.
The genotypic ratio here is
a)
25% blue eye 75 % brown eye 
b)
BB = 25% Bb = 50% bb = 25%
c)
BB= 50 % bb = 50%
d)
All brown eye
13.
How many boxes would say BB?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
0
14.

Brown is dominant to green. What is the probability of these parents having green offspring?

a)

1/4

b)

2/4

c)

3/4

d)

4/4

15.
What is the genotypic ratio here
a)
TT = 25% Tt= 50% tt=25%
b)
all tall
c)
TT= 75% tt = 25%
d)
Tt = 100%
16.
The dominant trait is
a)
yellow pea seeds
b)
green pea seeds
c)
there is no dominant seed
d)
Jolly green giant
17.
To be a yellow seed genotype must be
a)
aa
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
AA or Aa
18.
To express the recessive trait you must be
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
heterozygous
c)
alleleerific
d)
homozygous recessive
19.
How do two purple flowers produce white flower offspring? 
a)
They cant have white flowered offspring
b)
Both flowers are heterozygous and can pass on the white allele
c)
They are both homozygous Dominant
d)
They do not have the recessive allele in their genotype
20.

All the alleles present in an organism? The g (a)  

21.

The visual characterstics of an organisms determined by its genotype and the interaction with the environment

(a)  

22.

If the individual's genotype is Tt, what are they?

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Homozygous recessive

c)

Heterozygous

23.

If the individual's genotype is TT, what are they?

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Homozygous recessive

c)

Heterozygous

24.

If the individual's genotype is tt, what are they?

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Homozygous recessive

c)

Heterozygous

25.

A horizontal line in a pedigree chart between two parents represents

a)

mating (reproduction)

b)

best friends

c)

frenemies

d)

offspring

26.

A vertical line in a pedigree chart represents

a)

parents

b)

offspring

c)

pets

d)

mascots

27.

This pedigree chart shows ____________ having the trait.

a)

three males

b)

three females

c)

ten males

d)

two females

e)

pedigree charts are stupid

28.

The following pedigree chart shows _______ females and ______ males that have the trait.

a)

7, 3

b)

4, 4

c)

3, 2

d)

3, 3

e)

57, 93.5

29.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
30.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
31.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
32.
This is an example of ___________.
a)
 Incomplete Dominance
b)
 Codominance
33.

Codominance occurs in calico cats, which allows for the Black and Tan colors to show. What percentage of the offspring represented in this P square will be calico (black and tan spotted)?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

34.

5. Which statement about the human sex chromosomes is correct?

a)

A. All boys have two Y chromosomes.

b)

B. Everybody has at least one X chromosome.

c)

C. Girls have a Y chromosome and an X chromosome.

d)

D. Nobody has two X chromosomes.

35.

6. A man has three daughters.


What is the chance of his next child being a daughter?

a)

A. 0%

b)

B. 25%

c)

C. 50%

d)

D. 75%

36.

7. Which sex chromosomes are present in all mature human sperm cells?

a)

A. both X and Y chromosomes

b)

B. either X or Y chromosomes

c)

C. only X chromosomes

d)

D. only Y chromosomes

37.

11. Gametes are produced by the process of ------------

a)

A. mitosis

b)

B. meiosis

c)

C. crossing-over

d)

D. replication

38.

The 2 female sex chromosomes are ___.

a)

XY

b)

XX

39.

Most phenotypic traits are as a result of the inheritance of multiple genes (Polygenic inheritance)

a)

True

b)

False

40.
Which of these is an example of natural selection?
a)
The largest animal in a population will have more opportunities for reproduction.
b)
Several species of organisms work together so that they all succeed.
c)
One species takes all the resources in an environment leaving none for others.
d)
Organism that are best suited to an environment tend to survive and reproduce more often.
41.
Which of the following explains adaptation.
a)
An individual organism changes to meet its needs in the environment. These changes pass down to their offspring.
b)
The species as a whole changes their characteristics.
c)
Beneficial traits allow organism to survive and pass on those traits
d)
New characteristics arise in a species as needed.  If these traits are helpful, they are passed down.
42.
Breed an organism for a desired trait is the definition of
a)
selective breeding
b)
natural selection
c)
natural breeding
d)
biological evolution
43.
These cause variations.
a)
mutations
b)
adaptations
c)
a desire to change
d)
injuries
44.

Adaptations can be:

a)

camouflage

b)

ability to survive cold weather

c)

hunting skills

d)

all of the above

45.

A yellow morph and green morph of an insect lives in the rainforest canopy. You would expect:

a)

the green population to increase and the yellow to decrease

b)

both populations should stay the same

c)

both populations will increase

d)

the green population to decrease and the yellow to increaseThis is a wrong answer

46.
The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?
a)
Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
b)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
c)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
d)
Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.
47.

The rate that bacteria develop antibiotic resistance at can be sped up by:

a)

Exposure to lower levels of antimicrobials than prescribed

b)

2.Exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics (which aren’t specific to a microbe)

c)

3.Overuse of antibiotics in foods/agriculture

d)

4. All of the above

48.

Antibiotic resistant bacteria are a problem because:

a)

It is more difficult to treat people infected with them

b)

bacteria smell pretty bad

c)

viruses them grow out of control

d)

they are not a problem, I love being sick

49.

Broad spectrum antibiotics are bad because:

a)

They kill many different pathogenic bacteria

b)

They are really cheap to buy

c)

They can increase the rate of development of antibiotic resistance

d)

All of the above

50.

What can we do to reduce the rate of development of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria

a)

Always finish a course of antibiotics

b)

Only take antibiotics when they are really needed

c)

Take antibiotics whenever it is possible

d)

Reduce the amount of antibiotics given to animals in the farming industry

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