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Science SOL Earth

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

_____________________ happens when rocks on Earth's surface break apart or change without moving anywhere.

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Deposition

2.

_____________________ is the movement of soil and rock by wind, water, ice, and gravity.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

3.

______________________ occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

4.

The geological process when rocks or sediments move or are transported from one place to another is:

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

5.

When temperatures repeatedly go from hot to cold this can cause what type of geological process?

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

all of the above

6.

The process by which rocks are broken down

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

d)

Sedimentation

7.

The process in which wind, water, ice or gravity transport rock fragments from one location to another

a)

Weathering

b)

Sedimentation

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

8.

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking rocks or pavement apart is an example of...

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

c)

deposition

d)

erosion

9.

Acid rain slowly wearing away rock over time is an example of...

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

10.

Waves dropping sand onto land until a beach is formed is an example of...

a)

physical weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

chemical weathering

11.

Rain washing away soil from a hillside is an example of...

a)

physical weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

chemical weathering

12.

When iron in rocks reacts with oxygen, it forms iron oxide (rust), which weakens rocks and causes them to break apart. This is an example of...

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

13.

Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river is an example of...

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

14.

Wind blowing sand from one location to another is called...

a)

erosion

b)

physical weathering

c)

chemical weathering

d)

deposition

15.
Which layer of earth is molten?
a)
inner core
b)
outer core
c)
crust
d)
lithosphere
16.
Which of Earth's layers is made of SOLID iron and nickel?
a)
crust 
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
17.
Which layer of the Earth is the thickest at about 1802 miles (2900 km) and makes up about 84% of Earth's total volume?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
18.
Which layer contains soil?
a)
Mantle
b)
Asthenosphere
c)
Crust
d)
Mesosphere
19.
Which layer is hottest?
a)
Crust
b)
Asthenosphere
c)
Mantle
d)
Core
20.
What makes the inner core solid?
a)
Metals in the core are very light.
b)
Pressure at the core is very high.
c)
Chemicals in the core are very reactive.
d)
Temperatures in the core are very low.
21.
Identify C
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
22.
Which layer of the earth is completely Liquid?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
23.

Identify A

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

24.

Identify B

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

25.

Identify D

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

26.

Which TWO layers are Solid?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

27.

Which layer is semi-solid and right below the crust?

a)

Inner Core

b)

Outer Core

c)

Lithosphere

d)

Mantle

28.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
subducting
29.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
strike slip
30.

______ boundaries in which tectonic plates slide pass each other.

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

31.

________ boundaries in which tectonic plates can move towards each other.

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

32.

_____ boundaries in which tectonic plates that move away from each other.

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

33.

What geological event can be created in the plate boundary shown below?

a)

Rift Valley

b)

Sea Floor Spreading

c)

Earthquakes

d)

Volcanoes

34.

The diagram illustrates a strike slip fault. What is another name for a strike slip fault?

a)

convergent subduction boundary

b)

convergent collision boundary

c)

transform boundary

d)

divergent boundary

35.

Two plates that move away from each other are..

a)

Divergent

b)

Converging

c)

Transforming

d)

None of the above

36.

Metamorphic rock undergoes weathering and erosion to form

a)

sediment

b)

igneous rock

37.

Sedimentary rock undergoes _____________ to form metamorphic rock.

a)

heat & pressure

b)

compacting and cementing

38.

Metamorphic rock can only be formed through which process?

a)

heat & pressure

b)

cooling

39.

Sediment can only be created through which process?

a)

cooling

b)

weathering & erosion

40.

____ rocks form when rock buried deep inside the earth change without melting or weathering

a)

igneous

b)

sediment

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

41.

Rocks formed under great pressure but no heat are _____.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

sediment

42.

A rock that has cooled fast and may look like glass.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

sediment

43.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
44.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
45.
Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Organic
d)
Metamorphic
46.
A metamorphic rock changes into an igneous rock by what two processes?
a)
Melting and cooling
b)
Extreme heat and pressure
c)
Compaction and cementation
d)
Weathering and erosion
47.

If a scientist found a fish fossil in the desert, what can they infer?

a)

An animal ate the fish.

b)

The water covered the area long ago.

c)

Today's fish looks the same

d)

The fish is endangered.

48.
Which layer formed first?
a)
Rock Layer W
b)
Rock Layer X
c)
Rock Layer Y
d)
Rock Layer Z
49.

What are the oldest fossils and why?

a)

B, C- because they are closest to the top

b)

A, B- because they are closest to the bottom

c)

They are all the same age- because they are all found on layer 2

d)

A, B- because they are found closest to the top

50.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
51.
Which rock layer contains the newest fossils?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
C
52.
According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found 
a)
At the top of the rock layers
b)
Near the bottom of the rock layers
c)
In the middle of the rock layers
d)
Somewhat near the surface

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