Font size
WorksheetsDr. jones Cardio exam #4
Total questions: 29
Worksheet time: 17mins
What medications can be used to treat Sinus Tachycardia?
B-Blocker
Ivabradine
CCB
ACEI
What medications can be used to treat Atrial Flutter?
Non-DHP CCB
B-Blocker
ACEI
ARB
What medications can be used to treat Atrial Fibrillation?
CCB
B-Blocker
ACEI
ARB
What occurs in Second Degree Heart Block?
some but not all signals transmitted to through AV node
no signals transmitted through AV node, other ventricular areas assume pacing role, P-waves and QRS are independent of each other
slowed conduction through AV node
What occurs in First Degree Heart Block?
slowed conduction through AV node
some but not all signals transmitted to through AV node
no signals transmitted through AV node, other ventricular areas assume pacing role, P-waves and QRS are independent of each other
Which of the following arrhythmias occur in supraventricular?
Tachycardia (atrial flutter)
Atrial fibrillation
Heart Block (varies in degrees)
Bundle branch block
Myocardial infarction
Which of the following arrhythmias occur in the ventricle?
Bundle branch block
Premature ventricular contractions (PVC)
Long QT
Myocardial infarction
Electrolyte disturbances
Wavefront of depolarization in the atria at one instant generates a dipole. Net dipole is determined by:
Magnitude of depolarization (how many cells)
Orientation of the dipoles (same direction stronger)
initial depolarization on the left side of septum
small final wave of depolarization
What happens when there is a LEFT shift in the mean electrical axis in the largest dipole during R-wave?
LVH, right MI
RVH, left MI
RVH, right MI
LVH, left MI
What happens when there is a RIGHT shift in the mean electrical axis in the largest dipole during R-wave?
RVH, left MI
LVH, right MI
RVH, LVH
RVH, right MI
Why does supraventricular tachycardia occur?
Increased excitement of the atria and drive of the ventricles
ectopic foci drive electrical activity
Ectopic cells due to ischemia or infarction
Which of the following is true about supraventricular arrhythmias?
Symptoms: dizziness and low BP
Symptoms: Rapid rate reduces SV, asynchronous beating of ventricular muscle
Cause: Ectopic cells due to ischemia or infarction
Cause: Ectopic cell outside of SA node begin to fire
Which wave/segment is associated with atrial repolarization?
P wave
S-T segments
T wave
S-wave
Which wave/segment is associated with ventricular repolarization?
T-wave
P-wave
S-T segments
S-wave
What does ST- elevation suggest?
Myocardial Infarction
Long QT syndrome
Second degree heart block
Bundle branch block
What does ST- elevation, decrease R-wave, Q-wave begins suggest?
angina event
Myocardial infarction hours ago
Myocardial infarction weeks ago
Myocardial infarction minutes ago
What does T-wave inversion and Q-wave deeper suggest?
Myocardial infarction weeks ago
Myocardial infarction day 1-2
Myocardial infarction weeks later
Bundle Branch Block is a conduction block in the branches of the intraventricular septum. In the ECG can we see widened Q-T, typically with a double R. Can be cause by myocardial Infarction with minimal symptoms.
True
False
In PVC’s (Premature Ventricular Contractions) we can see in ECG Large amplitude, long duration deflections due to abnormal depolarization, followed by compensatory pause (missed beat). The symptoms is low SV during abnormal beat and the cause is Ectopic cells in the ventricle.
True
False
Which of the following is true about Ventricular Tachycardia?
ectopic foci drive electrical activity
Symptoms: Rapid rate reduces SV, asynchronous beating of ventricular muscle
Symptoms: low SV during abnormal beat
Increased excitement of the atria and drive of the ventricles
Inappropriate opening of Na+ channels or prolonged closure of K+ channels (maybe pharmacologically induced)
Long QT syndrome
PVCs
Bundle Branch Block
Electrolyte changes affect the action potential and thus alter the ECG. What are these electrolytes?
K+
Ca+
Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Which of the following is a common cause of right axis deviation?
Right ventricular MI
Atrial fibrillation
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Left ventricular hypertrophy
An ECG is performed and reveals normal PR interval and dropping of QRS complexes at regular intervals. Which of thefollowing is the most likely diagnosis?
Second-degree heart block
First-degree heart block
Hyperkalaemia
Third-degree heart block
Apart from ventricular tachycardia, what is an important cause of wide QRS complexes?
Atrial flutter
AV nodal reentrant tachycardia
Hypokalemia
Bundle branch block
What is the most likely rhythm in the following ECG trace? (hint: calculate R-R rate)
Sinus tachycardia
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter
PVC
1.ECG Normal
2. What is the electrical pathology in the ECG #2?
Ventricular fibrillation
Bundle branch block
PVC
Torsades de pointes
ECG # 1 is normal
ECG # 2: What is the electrical pathology in this ECG?
Premature Ventricular Contractions
Bundle branch block
Ventricular fibrillation
Torsades de pointes
ECG # 1 is normal
ECG # 2 is what pathology?
Long QT syndrome
PVC
Bundle Brach Block
