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AP Bio Unit 4: Cell Communication and Cell Cycle

Total questions: 36

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein is a
a)
ligand
b)
second messenger
c)
protein kinase
d)
receptor protein
2.
Signal amplification is most often achieved by
a)
an enzyme cascade
b)
binding of multiple signals
c)
branching pathways
d)
action of adenylyl cyclase
3.
What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular signal molecule?
a)
phosphorylation cascade
b)
cAMP
c)
signal receptors
d)
phosphatase
4.
Which of the following is a chemical message that usually travels through the bloodstream to target cells?
a)
hormone
b)
local regulator
c)
endocrine cell
5.
Structure (b) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
6.
When you get cut, your skin cells release hormones that signal platelets to come and stop the bleeding. Platelets then release more hormones that signal even more platelets to help stop bleeding. The hormone signals continue until the cut is closed.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
7.
As you get dehydrated, your blood becomes thicker and harder to pump. Your kidneys will respond by stopping urine production, sending the water from urine into your bloodstream to thin your blood back to normal level.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
8.
DNA is replicated during ______ of the cell cycle.
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
G0
9.
Why do cells go through cell division
a)
Growth
b)
Reproduction
c)
Repair
d)
All of the above
10.
The phase of mitosis in which the sister chromatids separate from each other
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
11.

A diploid cell has ____ the number chromosomes as a haploid cell.

a)

half

b)

twice

c)

one-fourth

d)

four times

12.

C (each of these is called)

a)

Kinetochore

b)

Chromosome

c)

Sister Chromatids

d)

Centromere

13.

E (whole structure)

a)

Kinetochore

b)

Chromosome

c)

Sister Chromatids

d)

Centromere

14.
a)

Kinetochore

b)

Chromosome

c)

Sister Chromatids

d)

Centromere

e)

Cleavage Furrow

15.

Following surgical removal of the thyroid gland, the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood will increase. Which of the following best explains this increase?

a)

Residual blood thyroxine, from prior to thyroid gland removal, will bind to cells in the anterior pituitary, signaling more TSH secretion.

b)

Thyroxine will remain bound to thyroxine receptors on various body cells, and these body cells will secrete additional hormones that stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete TSH.

c)

Thyroxine that was stored in the anterior pituitary prior to thyroid gland removal will signal more TSH secretion.

d)

A decrease in thyroxine levels means a loss of inhibition to the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, leading to increased TSH secretion.

16.

Cancer can result from a variety of different mutational events. Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in the initiation of a cancerous tumor?

a)

A receptor mutation results in activation of a cell-division pathway in the absence of the appropriate ligand.

b)

A mutation results in the loss of the ability to produce a tumor-suppressor protein.

c)

A defect in a cell-cycle checkpoint prevents a cell from entering the S phase

d)

At the anaphase checkpoint, separation of chromatids occurs without all centromeres being attached to kinetochore microtubules from both poles.

17.
Which of the following can activate a protein by transferring a phosphate group to it?
a)
cAMP
b)
G Protein
c)
protein kinase
d)
protein phosphatase
18.
Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the cell cycle?
a)
Mitosis-> G1->S->G2->cytokinesis
b)
S->G1-> G2-> mitosis-> cytokinesis
c)
cytokinesis->mitosis->G1->S->G2
d)
 G1->S->G2->mitosis->cytokinesis
19.

What word means programmed cell death?

a)

apoptosis

b)

mitosis

c)

Ced-9

d)

bleb

20.
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Interphase
21.

Which of the following does not occur during mitosis?

a)

condensation of chromatin to chromosomes

b)

replication of DNA

c)

separation of sister chromatids

d)

the formation of a spindle apparatus

22.

Which of the following does not contribute to cancer?

a)

proto-oncogenes mutated to stay on

b)

tumor suppressor genes mutated to stay on

c)

tumor suppressor genes mutated to stay off

d)

proto-oncogenes stimulating uncontrolled cell division

23.

What are the three parts of signal transduction pathway?

a)

reception, transduction, response

b)

confirmation, transduction, transcription

c)

reception, amplification, transcription

d)

confirmation, amplification, response

24.

What is being depicted in the image?

a)

Amplification of the signal molecule

b)

Enzymatic proteins inhibiting process of the signal transduction pathway

c)

Kinase groups adding dimer groups to other enzymes

d)

Diffusion of molecules within the cell due to the signaling molecule

25.

Which of the following correctly describes a positive feedback mechanism?

a)

The stimulus decreases the response.

b)

The response decreases the stimulus

c)

The response increases the stimulus

d)

The response increases spontaneously.

26.

Which feedback mechanism is employed when an organism maintains homeostasis?

a)

positive feedback

b)

negative feedback

27.

Which of the following would be the final step in a signal transduction pathway?

a)

phosphorylation of proteins

b)

activation of a protein

c)

change in gene expression

d)

binding a ligand to a receptor

28.

_____ (such as cyclic AMP) are molecules that relay and amplify the intracellular signal.

a)

protein kinases

b)

secondary messanges

c)

primary messangers

d)

receptors

29.

After the ligand binds, the intracellular domain of a receptor protein

a)

changes shape, initiating transduction of the signal

b)

is inhibited resulting in so amplification of the pathway

c)

opens a ligand gated channel allowing materials to flow in or out of a cell

d)

all of the above are possible

30.

The cell cycle consists of 3 stages which includes

a)

interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.

b)

G1, S, G2

c)

glycolysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain

d)

replication, transcription and translation

31.

What do we call the stage of the cell cycle during which a cell no longer divides?

a)

G0

b)

G1

c)

S

d)

G2

32.

In what phase of mitosis is this cell?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

33.

Which of these graphs represents the amount of DNA present in a normal cell throughout the cell cycle?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

34.
1.  Each of the following numbered processes are involved in signal transduction pathways:  
 I.  Response  
II.  Amplification  
 III.  Reception  
IV.  Transduction
 Which of the following represents the sequence of events in a typical signal transduction pathway?
a)
I, II, III, IV
b)
III, I, IV, II
c)
II, IV, I, III
d)
III, IV, II, I
35.

Match the following descriptions to the appropriate stage of the cell cycle:

a)

growth of cell organelles

1.

G1

b)

DNA replication

2.

S phase

c)

synthesis of structures for cell division

3.

G2

d)

division of the nucleus/chromatids

4.

mitosis

e)

division of the cytoplasm

5.

cytokinesis

36.

Which of the following is NOT applicable to cell division by mitosis?

a)

Growth and development

b)

production of gametes

c)

Programmed cell death and renewal (cell turnover)

d)

injury repair

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