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The Science final Exam Page 138-163 Part 1 Evolution

Total questions: 98

Worksheet time: 2hrs 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Natural Selection can lead to_______.

a)

accumulation

b)

evolution

c)

Variations

d)

Selection

2.

Helpful _______ gradually accumulate in a species while unfavorable ones disappear.

a)

competition

b)

Variations

c)

Selection

d)

Overproduction

3.

What is Overproduction?

a)

When the world has too many trees and plants.

b)

When animals overeat

c)

When animals are Variations.

d)

When an animal produces far more offspring it can possibly survive.

4.
The changes an organism make to its behavior or body structure to be better suited for survival in an environment. 
a)
Adaptation
b)
Behavior
c)
Fossil
d)
Nutrient
5.
A scientific generalization of how something happens in nature, based on empirical observations of physical behavior.
a)
Theory
b)
Law
c)
Model
d)
Data
6.
An individual, living thing that can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, and maintain homeostasis.
a)
Cell
b)
Adaptation
c)
Organism
d)
Evolution
7.
A well-substantiated explanation of why things happens in nature, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.
a)
Law
b)
Theory
c)
Experiment
d)
Data
8.
When there are more organisms than the environment can support. 
a)
Genetic Variation
b)
Evolution
c)
Adaptation
d)
Overproduction
9.
Natural differences in traits within members of a specie. 
a)
Adaptation 
b)
Behavior
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Genetic Variation
10.
The process in which organisms that possesses the most desirable traits and genes will  be successful in surviving and producing the next generation.
a)
Adaptation
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Selection
11.
The death of every member of a specie
a)
fossil
b)
endangered
c)
evolution
d)
extinction
12.
A distinguishing quality, trait or feature of an individual
a)
nutrient
b)
characteristic
c)
environment
d)
ecosystem
13.
The process in which populations gradually change over time is called: 
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Evolution
c)
Environment
d)
Extinct specie
14.
The external conditions, resources, stimuli etc. with which an organism interacts
a)
environment
b)
ecosystem
c)
evolution
d)
adaptation
15.
A species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk of extinction. 
a)
Encountered specie
b)
Endangered species
c)
Fossil specie
d)
New specie
16.
The remains or imprints of once living organisms are called:
a)
fossil record
b)
characteristic
c)
ecosystem 
d)
fossil
17.
This provides information about the history of life on earth and how organisms lived and evolved over time.
a)
fossil data
b)
fossil evidence
c)
fossil  record
d)
remains of fossil
18.
The observable response or reaction of an organism, an individual, or a system to a situation. 
a)
Adaptation
b)
Behavior
c)
Fossil record
d)
Characteristic
19.
Food, or any nourishing substance assimilated by an organism, and required for growth, repair, and normal metabolism.
a)
Behavior
b)
Adaptation
c)
Nutrient
d)
Fossil
20.
All living organisms (biotic factors) in an area as well as its physical environment (abiotic) functioning together form _____
a)
adaptation
b)
fossil
c)
ecosystem
d)
ecology
21.
Food, or any nourishing substance assimilated by an organism, and required for growth, repair, and normal metabolism.
a)
Behavior
b)
Adaptation
c)
Nutrient
d)
Fossil
22.
The observable response or reaction of an organism, an individual, or a system to a situation. 
a)
Adaptation
b)
Behavior
c)
Fossil record
d)
Characteristic
23.
This provides information about the history of life on earth and how organisms lived and evolved over time.
a)
fossil data
b)
fossil evidence
c)
fossil  record
d)
remains of fossil
24.
The remains or imprints of once living organisms are called:
a)
fossil record
b)
characteristic
c)
ecosystem 
d)
fossil
25.
A species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk of extinction. 
a)
Encountered specie
b)
Endangered species
c)
Fossil specie
d)
New specie
26.
The external conditions, resources, stimuli etc. with which an organism interacts
a)
environment
b)
ecosystem
c)
evolution
d)
adaptation
27.
The process in which populations gradually change over time is called: 
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Evolution
c)
Environment
d)
Extinct specie
28.
A distinguishing quality, trait or feature of an individual
a)
nutrient
b)
characteristic
c)
environment
d)
ecosystem
29.
The death of every member of a specie
a)
fossil
b)
endangered
c)
evolution
d)
extinction
30.
The process in which organisms that possesses the most desirable traits and genes will  be successful in surviving and producing the next generation.
a)
Adaptation
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Selection
31.
Natural differences in traits within members of a specie. 
a)
Adaptation 
b)
Behavior
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Genetic Variation
32.
When there are more organisms than the environment can support. 
a)
Genetic Variation
b)
Evolution
c)
Adaptation
d)
Overproduction
33.
A well-substantiated explanation of why things happens in nature, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.
a)
Law
b)
Theory
c)
Experiment
d)
Data
34.
An individual, living thing that can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, and maintain homeostasis.
a)
Cell
b)
Adaptation
c)
Organism
d)
Evolution
35.
A scientific generalization of how something happens in nature, based on empirical observations of physical behavior.
a)
Theory
b)
Law
c)
Model
d)
Data
36.
The changes an organism make to its behavior or body structure to be better suited for survival in an environment. 
a)
Adaptation
b)
Behavior
c)
Fossil
d)
Nutrient
37.

When organisms are better adapted to their environment they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called what?

a)

Selective breeding

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Cloning

d)

Evolution of all species

38.

Which scientist visited the Galapagos Islands and came up with the theory of natural selection?

a)

Theodor Schwann

b)

Gregor Mendel

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Rudolf Virchow

39.

Gigantopithecus were very large primates that lived 500,000 years ago. Since none of these mammals are still today, they are said to be....

a)

Extinct

b)

Threatened

c)

Endangered

d)

Declining

40.

Scientists have collected millions of fossils of different organisms, and have developed a timeline of life on Earth. What do we call this?

a)

Mutation

b)

Natural Selection

c)

The theory of evolution

d)

Fossil Record

41.

Sometimes bones in the front limbs of animals are very similar in structure. What do we call similar bone structures that indicate a link to a common ancestor?

a)

Adaptations

b)

Gradualism

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

Extinction

42.

A physical or behavioral trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment is called a what?

a)

An adaptation

b)

A response to a stimulus

c)

A mutation

d)

Evolution

43.

What most likely caused the finches on the Galapagos Islands to have beaks that were different from the finches on the mainland?

a)

There were different types of predators on the island.

b)

There were different types of food available on the island.

c)

The finches had no water to drink.

d)

The finches on the mainland could not fly high enough.

44.

What do we call a change in a species over time?

a)

Adaptation

b)

Evolution

c)

Extinction

d)

Environmental influences

45.

Evolution is best defined as:

a)

the process which organisms die.

b)

the process which organisms change over time.

c)

the process which organisms that are extinct become revived.

d)

the process which non-living things fossilize.

46.

The solidified remain or imprint of a once living thing are called:

a)

Fossils

b)

Homologous Structures

c)

Vestigial Structures

d)

DNA

47.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
48.
Which of these best represents a time period in which an organism could evolve?
a)
5 days
b)
100 years
c)
10,000 years
d)
2 decades
49.

Which two animals are closer relatives?

a)

Dolphin and Wolf

b)

Wolf and Shark

c)

Shark and Dolphin

50.

Which two animals are closer relatives?

a)

Bear and Raccoon

b)

Bear and Opossum

c)

Opossum and Raccoon

51.

Which two animals are closer relatives?

a)

Human and Sponge

b)

Sponge and Tunicate

c)

Human and Tunicate

52.

What caused the Horse and Whale to evolve?

a)

They wanted to become bigger so they ate as much as they could.

b)

Their environments changed so they had to adapt.

c)

They wanted to look different so they changed their appearance.

53.

Which animal is the MOST similar to the Human from the list below?

a)

Bat

b)

LIzard

c)

Whale

d)

Bird

54.

Which animal is the LEAST similar to the Human from the list below?

a)

Bat

b)

LIzard

c)

Whale

d)

Bird

55.
How does embryology support the Theory of Evolution?
a)
It shows that they have a common ancestor because of their similarities.
b)
         I'm not sure.
c)
Animals change over time. 
56.
A change in the inherited characteristics of an organism over time is ________
a)
evolution.
b)
development.
c)
growth.
d)
ancestry.
57.
The most recent ancestral form or species from which two different species evolved is known as ________________________.
a)
a common ancestor.
b)
an embryonic stage.
c)
development.
d)
evolution.
58.
Common ancestry relates to evolution because
a)
evolution only happens when there are common ancestors.
b)
Common ancestors make evolution happen more quickly.
c)
evolution can never take place with common ancestors.
d)
the more two organisms have in common, the more recent is their common ancestor during their evolution.
59.
In stage one (top row) of these embryos, most of the embryos________
a)
look very similar.
b)
have very different features.
c)
show different stages of development.
d)
have only a tail if they are non-human.
60.
In the the third embryonic stage (bottom row), mammal embryos _____
a)
have more characteristics in common with each other than with reptiles or birds.
b)
are still hard to tell from reptiles and birds.
c)
have the same features as fish, reptiles, and birds.
d)
do not have tails.
61.
In stage 2 (middle row) fish embryos _________
a)
are very different bird and mammal embryos.
b)
are still very similar to bird and mammal embryos.
c)
show arm and leg buds.
d)
are the only embryos with tails.
62.

Which scientist visited the Galapagos Islands and came up with the theory of natural selection?

a)

Theodor Schwann

b)

Gregor Mendel

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Rudolf Virchow

63.

What type of evidence is represented in the picture above:

a)

Fossils

b)

Vestigial Structures

c)

DNA

d)

Homologous Structures

64.

What type of evidence is shown in the image above?

a)

Fossils

b)

Vestigial structures

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

DNA

65.

What type of evidence are shown in the picture above?

a)

Fossils

b)

Embryology

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

Vestigial Structures

66.
The similarities of the bones in the diagram provide evidence that---
a)
The organisms shown lived in the same natural envionrment
b)
The organisms shown may have developed from a common ancestor
c)
The organisms shown have the same genetic diseases
d)
All vertebrate species have identical forelimbs
67.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to: 
a)
Species I
b)
Species II
c)
Species III
d)
Species IV
68.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
69.

Body parts similar in structure and origin

a)

evolution

b)

embryology

c)

homologous

d)

variation

70.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
71.
Which two orgainsms have hair? 
a)
Sharks & Ray Finned Fish
b)
Primates & Rodents
c)
Birds & Crocodiles
d)
Rabbits & Birds
72.
According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to: 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Sharks
c)
Ray Finned Fish
d)
Crocodiles
73.
According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the human?
a)
crayfish
b)
grasshopper
c)
perch
d)
frog
74.

Dogs descend from wolves. Thousands of years ago, humans started to selectively breed wolves based on the traits they found desirable. This process by which people choose and select which animals (or plants) to pass on their genes is called...

a)

artificial selection

b)

genetic drift

c)

transitional forms

d)

natural selection

75.

Charles Darwin discovered that the struggle to survive and reproduce selects individuals with certain traits over other. Over time, this selection process causes the population to become better adapted to an environment. This process is called...

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

c)

genetic drift

d)

transitional forms

76.

Why does genetic diversity increase the odds of survival for a population?

a)

The more genetic variation there is, the more likely it is that there is an allele present that is best suited for the environment.

b)

The more genetic variation there is, the less likely it is for mutations to form in the population.

c)

The more genetic variation there is, the slower the rate of adaptation.

d)

The more genetic variation there is, the larger and stronger the individuals that make up that population.

77.

Which of the following is the most reasonable explanation as to why ostriches can no longer fly?

a)

The ancestors of ostriches fed on ground plants and roots. Larger bodies digest plants more effectively. As they became larger and better adapted to eating plants and roots, the ability to fly was no longer beneficial and lost.

b)

The percentage of atmospheric oxygen has decreased making it impossible for large birds like ostriches to fly.

c)

The ancestors of modern ostriches lost the use of their flight muscles in an environmental disaster. Their offspring inherited this characteristic acquired from the disaster.

d)

Ostriches can still fly. They only fly during the most extreme of emergencies.

78.

Storms can accidently transport insects to isolated ocean islands. These insects can then begin new populations on these islands. When comparing different insect populations, which characteristic would make a population more likely to survive in a new habitat?

a)

Having the most genetic variation

b)

Having the largest wings

c)

Having the smallest body mass

d)

Having the least genetic variation

79.

There are a wide variety of ducks around the world. Some are colorful, some are plain, some are large, some are small, some have large wide beaks, and others have small pointy beaks. Why is there so much variety between different types of ducks?

a)

Different characteristics evolved in different species of ducks to best adapt them to the different environments they live in.

b)

Ducks do not descend from a common ancestor.

c)

All of the observed features of ducks are the result of genetic drift - a constant series of accidents and disasters have caused them to look different from each other over time.

d)

Humans have selectively bred all the duck populations of the world, forming a diverse range of duck breeds.

80.

The wings of a bat and the arms of a human are...

a)

homologous

b)

vestigial

c)

analogous

d)

transitional

81.

If two organisms share a homologous structure, then....

a)

they inherited that structure from a common ancestor.

b)

they did not inherit that structure from a common ancestor.

c)

it is a remarkable coincidence.

d)

they must be the same species.

82.

Fossils that show an organism in between an ancestral forms and its modern forms, like fossils of prehistoric whales with long legs or dinosaurs with feathers, are examples of...

a)

transitional forms

b)

homologous structures

c)

analogous structures

d)

vestigial traits

83.

The embryos of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals all have common structures: gill slits, a tail, a backbone and four limb buds - even if these traits do not appear in the fully developed organism. Why do these traits show up in embryos?

a)

These traits imply that all vertebrates descend from a common ancestor.

b)

Natural selection can only work on embryonic traits.

c)

Mutations appear during the embryonic phase of life.

d)

Its all just a random coincidence.

84.

Mistakes made in copying DNA are called...

a)

mutations

b)

alleles

c)

fitness

d)

genetic drift

85.

How would the fossils in the sediment layers of Earth appear to prove evolution?

a)

fossils in upper layers complex and lower layers complex

b)

fossils in upper layers simple and lower layers complex

c)

fossils in upper layers complex and lower layers simple

d)

fossils in upper layers simple and lower layers simple

86.

Which is the best evidence listed for the theory of evolution

a)

fossil record

b)

climate change

c)

numerical data

d)

religious information

87.

Which statement is correct about the evidence in this picture?

a)

similar bones indicate a similar diet

b)

similar bones indicate a similar habitat

c)

similar bones indicate a common ancestor

d)

similar bones indicate evolution happened quick

88.

What is the most likely cause for the change in the mice population over time?

a)

hawks eat more dark mice because they taste better

b)

hawks eat more white mice because they are easier to see

c)

hawks eat more dark mice because they are easier to see

d)

hawks eat more white mice because they reproduce better

89.

The same species lives in the same area and have different appearances. What term can be used to describe this?

a)

overpopulation

b)

population

c)

extinction

d)

variation

90.

Polar bears live in the Arctic. Ice in the Arctic in melting rapidly, reducing the range in which the polar bear can live. If polar bears do not have adaptation that allow them to survive these changes, what might happen to them?

a)

become another speices

b)

overpopulation

c)

change the enviornment

d)

become extinct

91.

A reptile that is a herbivore and exists only on an isolated island. What is a reason they would go extinct?

a)

produces many offspring with many unique traits, and the environment does not change

b)

produces many offspring with few unique traits, and the environment changes

c)

produces few offspring with many unique traits, and the environment does not change

d)

produces few offspring with few unique traits, and the environment changes

92.

Which statement best explains adaptations in context of the Theory of Evolution.

a)

adaptations are critical to the survival of a species by providing ways to adjust

b)

adaptations allow a single surviving organism to choose its traits and then reproduce

c)

adaptations are when an organism changes is environment to make it easier to live

d)

adaptations allow organisms to learn how to survive in any environment

93.

A Koala eats a certain type of leaf from a Eucalyptus Tree. These trees are becoming less and less common. What will happen if the Koala can't adapt to a new food source?

a)

The Koala population may increase as the strongest ones survive and reproduce

b)

The Koala bear may become extinct if they can not find new food to eat

c)

the Koala population will stay the same as long as they stay in a restricted space

d)

The Koala bear's genes will immediately change and allow them to survive

94.

Some scientist think that the dinosaurs went extinct because of an asteroid strike which changed the Earth's climate; other's think that volcanic eruptions changed the climate and caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.


What do these have in common?

a)

both suggest climate change led to artificial selection

b)

both suggest particles from the sky buried the dinosaurs

c)

both suggest that dinosaurs evolved too quickly after a disaster

d)

both suggest that dinosaurs were unable to adapt to climate change

95.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between natural selection and evolution?

a)

Natural selection results from evolution.

b)

Natural selection includes evolution as a part of it.

c)

Natural selection is the mechanism of evolution.

d)

Natural selection and evolution are the same thing.

96.

Which statement is correct about the theory of evolution, which is a piece of scientific knowledge that explains that all organisms have one common ancestor?

a)

All scientists agree on the theory of evolution.

b)

It was and still is a highly debated topic among scientists.

c)

It was one of the fastest theories to form as evidence for it plentiful.

d)

All scientists choose to disprove the theory of evolution because most evidence does not support it.

97.

What happens when a species is unable to adapt to a changing environment?

a)

it will adapt and become a new species

b)

it will most likely go extinct

c)

it will not adapt but will keep on living

d)

it will move to a new area where it can live

98.

Artificial selection is a form of biotechnology that has been around for centuries. Which of the following is a positive aspect of artificial selection?

a)

It ensures that weak traits like disease tendency are not in a population.

b)

It ensures that human-preferred traits are available in animals and plants.

c)

It increases the speed of evolution and change in the human population.

d)

It increases genetic variation among a population of organisms.

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