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WorksheetsIntroduction to Computer science
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 57mins
Digital
Anything that can be stored as 0s and 1s
It does not require interactions to perform actions
It is able to be provided with coded instructions
It is the manipulation of data by a computer
Automatic
Anything that can be stored as 0s and 1s
It does not require interactions to perform actions
It is able to be provided with coded instructions
It is the manipulation of data by a computer
Programmable
Anything that can be stored as 0s and 1s
It does not require interactions to perform actions
It is able to be provided with coded instructions
It is the manipulation of data by a computer
Data processor
Anything that can be stored as 0s and 1s
It does not require interactions to perform actions
It is able to be provided with coded instructions
It is the manipulation of data by a computer
Input
Data which is entered into the program
Data which is sent out of a system
Output
Data which is entered into the program
Data which is sent out of a system
Sensors
They are devices that measures physical properties
They are scanned by a reader and the numbers in the code correspond to records in a database.
Captures images from the source which are then converted into a digital form that can be stored.
Used to convert analogue sound waves into a digital form that can be saved and manipulated by the computer
Used to capture and create images
Barcodes
They are devices that measures physical properties
They are scanned by a reader and the numbers in the code correspond to records in a database.
Captures images from the source which are then converted into a digital form that can be stored.
Used to convert analogue sound waves into a digital form that can be saved and manipulated by the computer
Used to capture and create images
Scanners
They are devices that measures physical properties
They are scanned by a reader and the numbers in the code correspond to records in a database.
Captures images from the source which are then converted into a digital form that can be stored.
Used to convert analogue sound waves into a digital form that can be saved and manipulated by the computer
Used to capture and create images
Microphone
They are devices that measures physical properties
They are scanned by a reader and the numbers in the code correspond to records in a database.
Captures images from the source which are then converted into a digital form that can be stored.
Used to convert analogue sound waves into a digital form that can be saved and manipulated by the computer
Used to capture and create images
Digital Camera
They are devices that measures physical properties
They are scanned by a reader and the numbers in the code correspond to records in a database.
Captures images from the source which are then converted into a digital form that can be stored.
Used to convert analogue sound waves into a digital form that can be saved and manipulated by the computer
Used to capture and create images
Light Sensor
It changes the brightness of the phone based on the light intensity on the surroundings
It is used to control the heating
It is used to detect metal and can be placed in roads to monitor traffic flow
If CO is present it alerts people to evacuate the area
Temperature Sensor
It changes the brightness of the phone based on the light intensity on the surroundings
It is used to control the heating
It is used to detect metal and can be placed in roads to monitor traffic flow
If CO is present it alerts people to evacuate the area
Magnetic field Sensor
It changes the brightness of the phone based on the light intensity on the surroundings
It is used to control the heating
It is used to detect metal and can be placed in roads to monitor traffic flow
If CO is present it alerts people to evacuate the area
Gas Sensor
It changes the brightness of the phone based on the light intensity on the surroundings
It is used to control the heating
It is used to detect metal and can be placed in roads to monitor traffic flow
If CO is present it alerts people to evacuate the area
Pressure Sensor
When someone steps on the sensor in a weight scale
To measure air moisture in greenhouse gases for optimum plant growth
To measure the pH of a river to see if they are being polluted
In a nuclear power plant to make sure
there isn't a leakage.
To measure air moisture in a greenhouse for optimal plant growth
Humidity Sensor
When someone steps on the sensor in a weight scale
To measure air moisture in greenhouse gases for optimum plant growth
To measure the pH of a river to see if they are being polluted
In a nuclear power plant to make sure
there isn't a leakage.
To measure air moisture in a greenhouse for optimal plant growth
pH Sensor
When someone steps on the sensor in a weight scale
To measure air moisture in greenhouse gases for optimum plant growth
To measure the pH of a river to see if they are being polluted
In a nuclear power plant to make sure
there isn't a leakage.
To measure air moisture in a greenhouse for optimal plant growth
Radiation Sensor
When someone steps on the sensor in a weight scale
To measure air moisture in greenhouse gases for optimum plant growth
To measure the pH of a river to see if they are being polluted
In a nuclear power plant to make sure
there isn't a leakage.
To measure air moisture in a greenhouse for optimal plant growth
Moisture Sensor
When someone steps on the sensor in a weight scale
To measure air moisture in greenhouse gases for optimum plant growth
To measure the pH of a river to see if they are being polluted
In a nuclear power plant to make sure
there isn't a leakage.
To measure air moisture in a greenhouse for optimal plant growth
Infra-red Touchscreen
Works by detecting interruptions of infra-red beams emitted by LED'S embedded in the frame around the touchscreen overlay
It measures touch through responding to the pressure applied to their surface, It consists of two conductive layers and a non-conductive separator.
A capacitive touch screen consists of two spaced layers of glass, coated with a conductive material. Touching the screen results in a change in a screen's electrostatic field. The location of this change is sent to a controller for processing
Resistive Touchscreen
Works by detecting interruptions of infra-red beams emitted by LED'S embedded in the frame around the touchscreen overlay
It measures touch through responding to the pressure applied to their surface, It consists of two conductive layers and a non-conductive separator.
A capacitive touch screen consists of two spaced layers of glass, coated with a conductive material. Touching the screen results in a change in a screen's electrostatic field. The location of this change is sent to a controller for processing
Capacitive Touchscreen
Works by detecting interruptions of infra-red beams emitted by LED'S embedded in the frame around the touchscreen overlay
It measures touch through responding to the pressure applied to their surface, It consists of two conductive layers and a non-conductive separator.
A capacitive touch screen consists of two spaced layers of glass, coated with a conductive material. Touching the screen results in a change in a screen's electrostatic field. The location of this change is sent to a controller for processing
ADV of Infra-red Touchscreen
High Image Clarity
High strength and durability
Sensitive to moisture
DISA of Infra-red Touchscreen
High Image Clarity
High strength and durability
Sensitive to moisture
ADV of Resistive Touchscreen
Material is flexible
High durability
Unable to handle multi-touch gestures
DISA of Resistive Touchscreen
Material is flexible
High durability
Unable to handle multi-touch gestures
ADV of Capacitive Touchscreen
Expensive compared to resistive touchscreen
High durability
Glass is prone to breaking
DISA of Capacitive Touchscreen
Expensive compared to resistive touchscreen
High durability
Glass is prone to breaking
ADV of LED Screen
Emits high quality images
Energy efficient
LED can shift colour due to age and temperature
More expensive than conventional light technology
DISA of LED Screen
Emits high quality images
Energy efficient
LED can shift colour due to age and temperature
More expensive than conventional light technology
ADV of LCD Display
Slim and Lightweight
Energy efficient
Uneven backlighting
DISA of LCD Display
Slim and Lightweight
Energy efficient
Uneven backlighting
ADV of Biometrics
They are unique and the data is kept highly secure
Initial costs for biometrics authentication devices
DISA of Biometrics
They are unique and the data is kept highly secure
Initial costs for biometrics authentication devices
ADV of Laser printer
They print pages quickly
They produce pages at lower costs
High initial investment costs
Colour toner cartridges are expensive
DISA of Laser printer
They print pages quickly
They produce pages at lower costs
High initial investment costs
Colour toner cartridges are expensive
ADV of 3D printer
They can print complex designs
They are rapid prototypes
Limited Materials
Has restricted build size
DISA of 3D printer
They can print complex designs
They are rapid prototypes
Limited Materials
Has restricted build size
ADV of 2D/3D cutter
Works efficiently
Precise cuts
Very expensive
Uses a lot of energy
DISA of 2D/3D cutter
Works efficiently
Precise cuts
Very expensive
Uses a lot of energy
ADV of Speakers/Headphones
Help to listen to voice clearly
It can be disturb others
Pain in ears
DISA of Speakers/Headphones
Help to listen to voice clearly
It can be disturb others
Pain in ears
ADV of LCD projector
Produces sharp images
More closer saturation
They degrade overtime
It has a chicken wire effect causing the image to look as though it is heavy with pixels
DISA of LCD projector
Produces sharp images
More closer saturation
They degrade overtime
It has a chicken wire effect causing the image to look as though it is heavy with pixels
ADV of Inkjet Printer
High Quality
Uses larger paper sizes
Ink can be smeared
Additional expense to buy ink cartridges
DISA of Inkjet Printer
High Quality
Uses larger paper sizes
Ink can be smeared
Additional expense to buy ink cartridges
ADV of Actuator
Energy Efficient
Low operating costs
Sensitive to vibrations
DISA of Actuator
Energy Efficient
Low operating costs
Sensitive to vibrations
Solid State
It contains millions of transistors which contains 1s and 0s to represent bits. The drive stores data by controlling few electrons through the chips.
Data is written on spiral or concentric tracks where pits (0s) and lands (1s) represents binary values by the blue or red laser
Data is read as the disc spins at a constant speed
Data is stored on the disc using sectors and tracks
Optical Storage (writing data)
It contains millions of transistors which contains 1s and 0s to represent bits. The drive stores data by controlling few electrons through the chips.
Data is written on spiral or concentric tracks where pits (0s) and lands (1s) represents binary values by the blue or red laser
Data is read as the disc spins at a constant speed
Data is stored on the disc using sectors and tracks
Optical Storage (reading data)
It contains millions of transistors which contains 1s and 0s to represent bits. The drive stores data by controlling few electrons through the chips.
Data is written on spiral or concentric tracks where pits (0s) and lands (1s) represents binary values by the blue or red laser
Data is read as the disc spins at a constant speed
Data is stored on the disc using sectors and tracks
Magnetic Storage
It contains millions of transistors which contains 1s and 0s to represent bits. The drive stores data by controlling few electrons through the chips.
Data is written on spiral or concentric tracks where pits (0s) and lands (1s) represents binary values by the blue or red laser
Data is read as the disc spins at a constant speed
Data is stored on the disc using sectors and tracks
SD CARDS AND USD FLASHDRIVES
Solid State
Optical Storage
Magnetic Storage
BLU-RAY AND DVD
Solid State
Optical Storage
Magnetic Storage
HARD DISK DRIVE
Solid State
Optical Storage
Magnetic Storage
SSDs are over HDDs
More Reliable
Lighter in weight
Much faster
Cheaper per unit memory
HDDs are over SSDs
More Reliable
Lighter in weight
Much faster
Cheaper per unit memory
Software
A series of instructions written in a programming language
A type of software that manages the hardware and software in a computer
A program that manages the computer, allows the user to communicate with the computer, and allows software to be run
System software that performs house-keeping activities
Software that allows the user to perform a useful task
System Software
A series of instructions written in a programming language
A type of software that manages the hardware and software in a computer
A program that manages the computer, allows the user to communicate with the computer, and allows software to be run
System software that performs house-keeping activities
Software that allows the user to perform a useful task
Operating System
A series of instructions written in a programming language
A type of software that manages the hardware and software in a computer
A program that manages the computer, allows the user to communicate with the computer, and allows software to be run
System software that performs house-keeping activities
Software that allows the user to perform a useful task
Utility Programs
A series of instructions written in a programming language
A type of software that manages the hardware and software in a computer
A program that manages the computer, allows the user to communicate with the computer, and allows software to be run
System software that performs house-keeping activities
Software that allows the user to perform a useful task
Application Software
A series of instructions written in a programming language
A type of software that manages the hardware and software in a computer
A program that manages the computer, allows the user to communicate with the computer, and allows software to be run
System software that performs house-keeping activities
Software that allows the user to perform a useful task
File Management
The process of manipulating files in a computer system, which includes the creation,modification, and the deletion of files
Manages the input and output from peripheral hardware
It keeps track of processor and status of process
It transfers programs into and out of the memory, allocates free space between programs, and keeps track of memory wage
Input/Output Management
The process of manipulating files in a computer system, which includes the creation,modification, and the deletion of files
Manages the input and output from peripheral hardware
It keeps track of processor and status of process
It transfers programs into and out of the memory, allocates free space between programs, and keeps track of memory wage
Memory Management
The process of manipulating files in a computer system, which includes the creation,modification, and the deletion of files
Manages the input and output from peripheral hardware
It keeps track of processor and status of process
It transfers programs into and out of the memory, allocates free space between programs, and keeps track of memory wage
Processor Management
The process of manipulating files in a computer system, which includes the creation,modification, and the deletion of files
Manages the input and output from peripheral hardware
It keeps track of processor and status of process
It transfers programs into and out of the memory, allocates free space between programs, and keeps track of memory wage
User management
It allows individual users to be created and deleted. They access levels to be given to users, such as administrator right or standard user rights
It provides security through user accounts and passwords
It is much easier to interact with the computer
It is opening, closing, and writing to peripheral devices
Security management
It allows individual users to be created and deleted. They access levels to be given to users, such as administrator right or standard user rights
It provides security through user accounts and passwords
It is much easier to interact with the computer
It is opening, closing, and writing to peripheral devices
User Interface
It allows individual users to be created and deleted. They access levels to be given to users, such as administrator right or standard user rights
It provides security through user accounts and passwords
It is much easier to interact with the computer
It is opening, closing, and writing to peripheral devices
Peripheral management
It allows individual users to be created and deleted. They access levels to be given to users, such as administrator right or standard user rightsp
It provides security through user accounts and passwords
It is much easier to interact with the computer
It is opening, closing, and writing to peripheral devices
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
It executes programs using FDE cycle
1GH is equal to a billion instructions per second
The more cores a CPU has, the greater the number of instructions it can process in a given space of time
Random Access Memory (RAM)
A component in a computer system that processes data and instructions
A component in the CPU that stores the address of the next instruction to be processed
A component in the CPU that holds the address of the data or instruction to be located in RAM
A component in the CPU that holds the data or instruction that are fetched from RAM
Memory Address Register
A component in a computer system that processes data and instructions
A component in the CPU that stores the address of the next instruction to be processed
It stores the memory address from which data will be fetched to the CPU
A component in the CPU that holds the data or instruction that are fetched from RAM
Memory Data Register
A component in a computer system that processes data and instructions
A component in the CPU that stores the address of the next instruction to be prevented
A component in the CPU that holds the address of the data or instruction to be located in RAM
A component in the CPU that stores the address of the next instruction to be processed
Current Instruction Register
A register that is built into the CU that holds the current instruction that is being processed in the CPU
The component in the CPU that controls all operations in the CPU
The component in the CPU that performs all the mathematical and logical operations required processing data and instructions
A register that is built into the ALU that stores the result of any interim calculations
Control Unit (CU)
A register that is built into the CU that holds the current instruction that is being processed in the CPU
The component in the CPU that controls all operations in the CPU
The component in the CPU that performs all the mathematical and logical operations required processing data and instructions
A register that is built into the ALU that stores the result of any interim calculations
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
A register that is built into the CU that holds the current instruction that is being processed in the CPU
The component in the CPU that controls all operations in the CPU
The component in the CPU that performs all the mathematical and logical operations required processing data and instructions
A register that is built into the ALU that stores the result of any interim calculations
Accumulator (ACC)
A register that is built into the CU that holds the current instruction that is being processed in the CPU
The component in the CPU that controls all operations in the CPU
The component in the CPU that performs all the mathematical and logical operations required processing data and instructions
A register that is built into the ALU that stores the result of any interim calculations
ADD
Add data in a memory location to data in accumulator
Subtract data in memory from accumulator
Store value from accumulator in memory
Allows a value to be input into the accumulator
SUB
Add data in a memory location to data in accumulator
Subtract data in memory from accumulator
Store value from accumulator in memory
Allows a value to be input into the accumulator
STA
Add data in a memory location to data in accumulator
Subtract data in memory from accumulator
Store value from accumulator in memory
Allows a value to be input into the accumulator
INP
Add data in a memory location to data in accumulator
Subtract data in memory from accumulator
Store value from accumulator in memory
Allows a value to be input into the accumulator
DAT
Creates a data register into which values can be stored
Load from memory address into the accumulator
Branch to a marked position in the program if the value in the accumulator is 0
Halt the program
HLT
Creates a data register into which values can be stored
Load from memory address into the accumulator
Branch to a marked position in the program if the value in the accumulator is 0
Halt the program
LDA
Creates a data register into which values can be stored
Load from memory address into the accumulator
Branch to a marked position in the program if the value in the accumulator is 0
Halt the program
BRZ
Creates a data register into which values can be stored
Load from memory address into the accumulator
Branch to a marked position in the program if the value in the accumulator is 0
Halt the program
Clock Speed
It executes programs using FDE cycle
1GH is equal to a billion instructions per second
The more cores a CPU has, the greater the number of instructions it can process in a given space of time
Cores
It executes programs using FDE cycle
1GH is equal to a billion instructions per second
The more cores a CPU has, the greater the number of instructions it can process in a given space of time
RAM ADAPTATIONS
-volatile
-can be written and read
- 1 to 256 GB per chip
- non-volatile
-can be read only
-4 to 8 MB per chip
ROM ADAPTATIONS
-volatile
-can be written and read
- 1 to 256 GB per chip
- non-volatile
-can be read only
-4 to 8 MB per chip
Control Bus
It can carries control signals from the processor to other components
It carries memory addresses from the processor to other components
It carries actual data between the processor to other components
Address Bus
It can carries control signals from the processor to other components
It carries memory addresses from the processor to other components
It carries actual data between the processor to other components
Data Bus
It can carries control signals from the processor to other components
It carries memory addresses from the processor to other components
It carries actual data between the processor to other components
Identify the logic gate.
AND
NAND
OR
XOR
Identify the logic gate.
AND
NAND
OR
XOR
Identify the logic gate.
NAND
AND
XOR
NOT
Identify the logic gate.
AND
NAND
OR
XOR
Identify the logic gate.
NOR
XNOR
XOR
OR
Identify the logic gate.
NOR
XNOR
XOR
OR
