Carbohydrates play a major role in nutrition because they

Carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in the

An example of a food that contains a fructose sugar is

Examples of the simple carbohydrates include

The sugar to which all other sugars are converted and the one that circulates in the blood to provide major fuel for the body’s cells is

Carbohydrates are quick energy foods because

The carbohydrate form in which glucose is stored in the body is

Of the following, the best sources of dietary fiber are

Types of dietary fiber include

The recommended daily intake of dietary fiber for an adult woman is _____ g/day.

A health professional is determining the caloric intake for a patient. Her caloric intake from fiber would be

Wavelike contractions of the muscle fibers of the stomach and intestinal walls are called

A basket of fruit contains ripe grapes, apples, and oranges as well as pears and peaches that are not quite ripe. The fruits with the highest amount of simple sugar include the

An apple contains a type of soluble dietary fiber called

Of the following, the food with the lowest carbohydrate content (as a percentage of weight) would be

Digestion of the starch component of a peanut butter sandwich begins in the

A negative effect of sugar alcohols is that they

Once monosaccharides are absorbed into the intestinal bloodstream, they are transported to the

A client has a goal of increasing fiber intake to 30 grams per day. Current intake reveals the following information: Breakfast intake is 3/4 cup sugary corn popped cereal, 1 cup skim milk, 1 slice white toast, and 1/2 cup orange juice. Lunch includes 2 ounces sliced turkey, 1 slice wheat bread, 1 tablespoon mayonnaise, 2 chocolate chip cookies, and 1 cup water. Dinner includes 4 ounces beef, 1/2 cup green beans, 3/4 cup instant mashed potatoes with butter, 1 biscuit, and 1 cup skim milk. As the nutrition expert counseling this patient, one appropriate recommendation might be to

An example of a food low in carbohydrates is

The major site or organ in the body for metabolic processing of carbohydrates is the

The digestion of milk yields the monosaccharides

A food that contains maltose is

A molecule of glycogen is composed of hundreds of units of

Sufficient dietary carbohydrates prevent excess formation of

A part of the body that depends on a constant supply of carbohydrate to function properly is the

The number of kilocalories from carbohydrates in a baked potato that contains 40 g carbohydrate is _____ kcal

A food that is a good source of fiber is

Which of the following carbohydrates provides the fastest source of energy?

The functions of fat in the body include

The number of kilocalories from fat in a meal that contains 35 g fat is

The recommended total calories provided by fat in an 1800-calorie diet should not exceed

An element not found in triglycerides is

Triglycerides are composed of

The chemical feature that distinguishes a saturated fatty acid from an unsaturated fatty acid is the

An example of a food that contains a high level of saturated fatty acids is

Of the following fats, the one that is least saturated is

Most fatty acids in plant foods are

A patient is concerned with her weight. Her energy intake is calculated to be 1600 calories. Intake records reveal that her fat intake for the past month has been 120 calories or less per day. The most appropriate intervention would be to

The body needs linoleic acid for

The best food choice to provide alpha-linolenic acid is

The process of adding hydrogen to fatty acids is called

A change brought about as the result of hydrogenation is that

An example of a food that does not contain cholesterol is

Cholesterol is synthesized by the body mainly in the

After a dietary assessment is completed, it reveals that a client consumes 50% of his or her daily calories from fat. This amount of fat places the client at risk for

Factors that increase the risk of heart disease include

After eating a dinner of fried chicken, gravy, and mashed potatoes, chemical digestion of the fat component primarily takes place in the

The substances that serve as the major vehicles for fat transport in the bloodstream are

The hormone responsible for stimulating the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the small intestine is

End products of fat digestion do not include

An important function of bile is to

A type of fat that may be associated with a high risk of atherosclerosis if consumed on a regular basis is

Fat substitutes are used in food products to

The greatest number of kilocalories is provided by

A food relatively high in saturated fat is

In a diet that contains 50 g fat and a total of 1500 kcal, the proportion of total kilocalories from fat is

A good source of monounsaturated fat is

Proteins are built from simpler organic compounds called

The element that is contained in proteins but not in carbohydrates or lipids is

Two types of protein in the body are _____ protein and _____ protein.

The number of amino acids that are indispensable for human beings is

What is the food that is the best source of indispensable amino acids?

A protein that contains all indispensable amino acids in the correct proportion and ratio is

The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 24 g protein is _____ kcal.

An animal protein that has relatively little value as a dietary protein source when eaten alone is

Proteins from plant sources that are classified as incomplete include

The primary function of protein in the diet is to supply

Protein plays an important role in the body

After a piece of grilled chicken is partially digested in the stomach, it eventually reaches the small intestine, where it is digested by which of the following enzymes secreted by the pancreas?

Proteins are mostly absorbed as

Pepsinogen secreted by the gastric cells is converted into pepsin by

Protein catabolism is increased in conditions such as

The phase of metabolism that makes growth and repair possible is

A gastric enzyme that coagulates the protein in milk and is produced by infants but not by adults is

A protein-digesting enzyme found in the stomach rather than in pancreatic secretions is

The enzyme trypsin is activated by the enzyme

The enzymes aminopeptidase and dipeptidase are secreted by the

Complementary proteins

In the mouth, protein foods are

The meal with the highest quality protein is

Which of the following conditions might result in the greatest catabolism?

If the excretion of nitrogen exceeds the nitrogen intake, the condition is called

The grams of high-quality protein required daily for an individual who weighs 170 lb and is close to ideal body weight would be _____ g.

In planning a vegetarian meal, an appropriate combination of complementary proteins would be

A client weighs 130 lbs. She is close to her desirable body weight and consumes a total of 40 g of protein/day. The most appropriate nutritional counseling would be to

Very high intakes of animal protein may lead to

The process of digestion involves

The rhythmic contractions of the stomach and intestine that propel food along are called

An example of a gastric secretion is

A pizza slice is being consumed by a hungry teen. The first actions of biting, chewing, and breaking up the slice into smaller particles are called

A food that begins chemical digestion in the mouth is

After ingested food is mixed and churned with gastric secretions, the semifluid mass is called

One type of movement in the small intestine is

Compared with the pH in the stomach, the pH in the small intestine is

The enzyme that would be most important for digesting a skinless chicken breast would be

A food that is high in a macronutrient broken down by trypsin is

The lining of the stomach and intestine is protected from strong acid by

The hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release its secretions is

A meal consisting of country-fried steak, carrots, and a baked potato with butter and sour cream would stimulate the hormone cholecystokinin because of the

After eating fried chicken, the resulting products from the digestion of fat include

A means of absorption that occurs in the small intestine is

After absorption, the end products of carbohydrate and protein digestion enter the

The primary nutritional function of the large intestine is the

A child with phenylketonuria should avoid drinking ]

Gas formation in the colon is the result of the

After digestion, fatty materials are absorbed into the

Dietary fiber is beneficial because it

The sum of all the chemical changes that an organism performs to maintain its life and produce energy is called

Bile contains

Two organs that work with the small intestine in digestion are the

Conversion of amino acids to glucose is called

The surface of the intestinal wall has mucosal folds, villi, and microvilli to

Ways to minimize formation of stomach gas include =

A beverage that may cause intestinal gas in adults is

Ms. J. complains of gas and bloating along with abdominal pain, especially after drinking milk or eating ice cream or cheese. She may have

Which of the following foods would require peptidases to assist in its chemical digestion?

What is a nutrient that does not provide energy for the body?

Energy is lost from the body as

The unit of measurement used to refer to the amount of energy in food is the

The total number of kilocalories in a snack that contains 10 g carbohydrate, 2 g protein, and 5 g fat is _____ kcal.

Which of the following represents an external energy cycle?

After foods are eaten, they are converted into which of the following body fuels?

The metabolic rate would increase significantly with a body temperature of

The amount of energy the body needs to maintain life while at digestive, physical, and emotional rest is called

Metabolically active tissues in the body include

Indirect calorimetry is used to measure

The term for the effect of food intake on the metabolic rate is

The sum of basal metabolism, energy expended in physical activity, and the thermic effect of food is known

When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, the result can be

An activity that results in increased energy expenditure is

The thermic effect of food refers to the fact that

The body’s sources of stored energy include

The basal metabolic rate is controlled by the hormone

The first source of stored energy to be used during a period of fasting is

Which of the following foods has the greatest caloric density?

Nutrient density means the

The liver and muscles store enough glycogen to last

In cases of extreme starvation, the energy substrate used as a last resort would be

Fever increases the basal metabolic rate by approximately

Energy expenditure is increased by

Energy needs per pound of body weight

A 75-year-old man’s energy intake should focus on meals

Resting energy expenditure is

Mr. Jones normally has a basal metabolic rate of 1500 kcal. He develops a fever of 100.6° F. His rate would now be approximately _____ kcal.

The person requiring the highest energy needs per unit of body weight is a

The estimated daily basal metabolic rate for a man who weighs 150 lb is _____ kcal.