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Final Exam Review

Total questions: 78

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Why do peppered moths tend to be the same color as the trees on which they live?
a)
The coloring goes along with tasting like the tree. 
b)
It keeps the moth the same temperature as the tree. 
c)
It makes the moths faster than the birds
d)
It makes the moths harder to see.
2.
Which of these is an example of natural selection?
a)
The largest animal in a population will have more opportunities for reproduction.
b)
Several species of organisms work together so that they all succeed.
c)
One species takes all the resources in an environment leaving none for others.
d)
Organism that are best suited to an environment tend to survive and reproduce more often.
3.
A large herd of goats lives in a field full of poison ivy.  Some goats are able to eat the poison ivy while others have become sick when they eat it. Over time the herd as a whole will tend to
a)
Become more likely to eat poison ivy.
b)
Become less likely to eat poison ivy.
c)
Not change in the proportion of goats that can and can not eat poison ivy.
d)
Eat all the poison ivy and leave only plants all the goats can eat.
4.
Which of these would best form a fossil?
a)
Muscle
b)
Bone
c)
Skin 
d)
Leaves
5.
Some organisms change to resemble their surroundings even when that environment changes.  They most likely do this to
a)
be easier to see
b)
be harder to see
c)
attract a mate
d)
to adapt their diet
6.
Evolution works by 
a)
individuals changing to suit their environment
b)
Individuals learned new traits and pass them on
c)
sudden change in the environment cause a species change 
d)
small changes pass down through many generations
7.
Evolution typically happens...
a)
in a few weeks
b)
over millions of years
c)
never
d)
in 100 years
8.
Bird's beaks evolve mainly due to the type of ___________________ available.
a)
food
b)
water
c)
shrubs
d)
mates
9.
If an organism can't adapt fast enough, this might happen.
a)
hibernate
b)
stay the same
c)
live longer
d)
become extinct
10.
Organisms with differences/variations that are helpful will ______________________
a)
live longer
b)
become extinct
c)
show no change
11.
What can happen to a species over time if some of the organisms have an advantage?
a)
The population will decrease
b)
The population will become extinct
c)
The population will slowly increase
12.

What is a mutation?

a)

When animals have extra legs

b)

When a frog has 3 eyes

c)

When genes or DNA have been alterd or changed

d)

When RNA is upside down

13.

Can mutations be passed down to offspring?

a)

Yes

b)

No

14.

What happens when DNA or a gene is changed?

a)

A trait is made

b)

A trait is lost

c)

A mutation may occur

d)

A non-adaptive trait will be lost

15.

Do genes code for traits?

a)

yes

b)

no

16.

A female giraffe with a short neck is having a difficult time reaching the leaves in the taller trees. According to the theory of natural selection, which of the following is possible?

a)

The giraffe stretches to reach the taller trees and her neck grows longer. Her offspring all have longer necks.

b)

The giraffe decides that she and her offspring should have longer necks. She finds a mate with a long neck.

c)

The giraffe survives on leaves from shorter trees. Her offspring with longer necks are more likely to survive.

d)

The giraffe survives on leaves from shorter trees. Her offspring all have long necks.

17.

Which of the following can describe a mutation in the population?

a)

Long-beaked birds have long-beaked offspring

b)

Striped cats have striped offspring

c)

Beige worms have beige offspring

d)

Hornless cows have horned offspring

18.

More and more bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics. This is an example of:

a)

evolution by natural selection

b)

chance

c)

predation

d)

competition

19.

Pollution has caused the trees of a forest to be covered by dark soot. Which moth is more likely to survive?

a)

Light colored moth

b)

Dark colored moth

20.

The sickle cell mutation is:

a)

harmful in all environments

b)

helpful in all environments

c)

helpful in some environments and harmful in others

d)

neutral - neither helpful nor harmful

21.

In a population with 100% chance of getting malaria and zero healthcare available, who is most likely to survive?

a)

People who are normal for the sickle cell trait (HH)

b)

People who are carriers for the sickle cell trait (Hh)

c)

People who have sickle cell anemia (hh)

22.

In a population with 50% chance of getting malaria and great healthcare available, who is most likely to survive?

a)

People who are normal for the sickle cell trait (HH)

b)

People who are carriers for the sickle cell trait (Hh)

c)

People who have sickle cell anemia (hh)

23.

When the chance of getting malaria is high, the presence of the sickle cell trait in the population will:

a)

increase

b)

decrease

24.

When the chance of getting malaria is low, the presence of the sickle cell trait in the population will:

a)

increase

b)

decrease

25.

Which two species are most closely related?

a)

U and S

b)

U and T

c)

R and S

d)

R and Q

26.

Which species is the common ancestor?

a)

R

b)

S

c)

U

d)

Q

27.

In layers of rock, the layers further down are:

a)

older

b)

younger

28.

In layers of rock, the layers closer to the top are:

a)

older

b)

younger

29.

Fossils can be:

a)

bone

b)

teeth

c)

footprints

d)

all of the above

30.

The organisms that lived most recently likely:

a)

was a fish

b)

was a plant

c)

had a shell

31.

The organisms that lived longest ago likely:

a)

was a fish

b)

was a plant

c)

had a shell

32.
What type of "square" helps us solve genetic problems?
a)
carpenter square
b)
Mendel square
c)
Punnett square
d)
genetic square
33.
TT,tt,PP,pp,SS,ss are examples of alleles that are?
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
different
d)
homologous 
34.
Y for yellow body is dominant over y for blue body.  What alleles would produce yellow bodies?
a)
YY,yy
b)
Yy,yy
c)
YY only
d)
YY,Yy
35.
If "T" is the allele for tall and "t" is the allele for short, then Tt would produce?
a)
tall
b)
short
c)
medium
d)
not enough info
36.
A physical characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring.
a)
behavior
b)
trait
c)
strong muscles
d)
ability to fly a plane.
37.
What is a phenotype
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
38.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
39.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
40.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
41.
Which best describes an inherited trait?
a)
a characteristic one chooses to express
b)
a characteristic one receives from the food one eats
c)
a characteristic that is passed on from one's parents
d)
a characteristic that is influenced by one's surroundings
42.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
43.
One form of a gene is called_______________
a)
a DNA
b)
a Phenotype
c)
a trait
d)
an allele
44.

In this punnett square, which is the dominant trait?

a)
purple flower bud
b)
white flower bud
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
45.
Which sentence is TRUE?
a)
Acquired traits are passed from parents to offspring
b)
Inherited traits are passed from parents to offspring
c)
Behaviors are never inherited
d)
Behaviors are always inherited 
46.
A mother dog and her puppy both have curly fur. Which best explains this?
a)
in dogs, curly fur is more common than straight fur
b)
in dogs, curly fur is an acquired trait
c)
the mother dog acquired curly fur and passed on that trait to her puppy
d)
the mother dog inherited curly fur and passed on that trait to her puppy
47.
Mutations are a change in what?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
48.
In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p).
According to the Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being purple?
a)
25%
b)
0%
c)
100%
d)
50%
49.
In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p).
According to the Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being white?
a)
25%
b)
0%
c)
100%
d)
50%
50.
What ratio of the offspring from the cross shown will be homozygous recessive for the  trait of tallness? 
a)
0 in 4
b)
1 in 4
c)
2 in 4
d)
4 in 4
51.
What is the genotypic ratio here?
a)
25% blue eye 75 % brown eye 
b)
BB = 25% Bb = 50% bb = 25%
c)
BB= 50 % bb = 50%
d)
All brown eye
52.

Which of the following statements is NOT true of animal mating behaviors? 

a)

They are influenced by genetic factors.

b)

They are influenced by environmental factors.

c)

They increase the chance of successful reproduction.

d)

They are only displayed by males.

53.

Which of the following is an example of a behavioral trait that is likely to increase reproductive success? 

a)

colorful feathers

b)

a dance

c)

tail length

d)

body weight

54.

A trait can be determined by 

a)

one gene. 

b)

many genes. 

c)

the environment. 

d)

all of the above.

55.

The height of a plant is likely to be determined by 

a)

genes

b)

environment 

c)

both genes and environment

d)

neither genes nor environment

56.

Diseases that are inherited are 

a)

caused by genes. 

b)

caused by viruses. 

c)

caused by environmental factors. 

d)

all of the above.

57.

 Which of the following organisms reproduce sexually? 

a)

humans

b)

plants

c)

both a and b 

d)

none of the above

58.

A clone is

a)

genetically identical to the parent

b)

genetically different from the parent

59.

Which of the following statements about mutations is correct? 

a)

They act by changing the function of proteins.

b)

They are always helpful.

c)

They are always harmful.

60.

Which set of organs belong to the Nervous System?

a)

Heart, blood vessels

b)

Kidneys, urinary bladder

c)

Esophagus, stomach, intestines

d)

Brain, spinal column

61.

Which organs belong to the Circulatory System

a)

Heart, blood vessels

b)

Esophagus, stomach

c)

Trachea, larynx, pharynx, lungs

d)

Brain, spinal column

62.

Which organs belong to the Respiratory System?

a)

Bones, cartilage

b)

Cardiac, smooth, skeletal

c)

Trachea, larynx, pharynx, lungs

d)

Kidneys, urinary bladder

63.

What is the purpose of the Circulatory System?

a)

Transports oxygen and nutrients

b)

Removes extra water and wastes

c)

Digests foods and absorbs nutrients

d)

Collects, transfers and processes information

64.

What is the purpose of the Skeletal System?

a)

Transports oxygen and nutrients

b)

Supports and protects the body, creates blood

c)

Movement and heat production

d)

Gas exchange in the body and lungs

65.

What is the purpose of the Nervous System?

a)

Transports oxygen and nutrients

b)

Removes extra water and wastes

c)

Supports and protects the body and produces blood

d)

Collects, transfers and processes information

66.

Which level of organization is a heart at?

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organ

d)

Organ System

67.

Which level of organization are you at?

a)

Tissue

b)

Organ

c)

Organ System

d)

Organism

68.

What are the levels of organization in order?

a)

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

b)

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System

c)

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organism, Organ System

d)

Cell, Organ, Tissue, Organ System, Organism

69.

What is the biggest function of the respiratory system?

a)

to pump blood

b)

to help us digest food

c)

to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

d)

to help us fight disease and infection

70.

What is the biggest function of the muscular system?

a)

to help digest food

b)

to help us move

c)

to help us breathe

d)

to help us remove waste

71.

Which of the following statements describes the function of the heart?

a)

The heart produces white and red blood cells.

b)

The heart controls the nervous system.

c)

The heart makes oxygen and carbon dioxide.

d)

The heart pumps blood throughout the body.

72.

Which two body systems are primarily responsible for gas exchange between the body and the environment?

a)

skeletal and muscular

b)

circulatory and respiratory

c)

circulatory and digestive

d)

respiratory and excretory

73.

Which two systems are responsible for voluntary movement?

a)

circulatory and excretory

b)

digestive and circulatory

c)

skeletal and muscular

d)

skeletal and circulatory

74.

What is the most important function of the digestive system?

a)

Gas exchange

b)

Break down food

c)

Voluntary movement

d)

Fight bacteria and disease

75.

What is the most important function of the excretory system?

a)

Break down food

b)

Pump blood

c)

Remove waste

d)

Voluntary movement

76.

Which of the following statements describes the function of the small intestine?

a)

The small intestine transports blood to other organs.

b)

The small intestine helps digest food and absorbs nutrients.

c)

The small intestine releases carbon dioxide from the body.

d)

The small intestine produces cells needed for reproduction.

77.

Which of the following statements describes the function of bones?

a)

Bones store food for later use.

b)

Bones destroy foreign cells.

c)

Bones protect organs in the body.

d)

Bones send instructions to body parts.

78.

Which two systems work together to break down and transport molecules?

a)

muscular and respiratory

b)

circulatory and skeletal

c)

digestive and circulatory

d)

endocrine and digestive

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