A major force that causes surface soil erosion

It is regarded as the most destructive agent of soil erosion

This results to soil forming process

This atmospheric variable causes the faster rate of evaporation and transpiration

The factors of production are:

The factors of payment are:

The quantity of goods and services that consumers/buyers are willing to take out at a specific price.

The quantity of goods and services that sellers are willing to sell at specific price.

The kind of input wherein the quantity cannot be easily changed even if market conditions favor an increase in output.

The kind of input wherein the quantity can be readily changed if there is a need to change the output level.

Deals with the study of the effects of site factors on the growth, development and reproduction of trees, stands or forests:

It refers to the art of producing & tending a forest:

It deals with planned programs of silvicultural treatments during the whole life of a stand:

These refer to trees that are left behind during harvesting and serve as sources of seeds for regeneration:

Reproduction of a forest by means of stumps, stool shoots or suckers:

It is also called as coppice shoots:

Residual trees with large size & superior condition that protect newly established trees:

Trees with the ability to resist wind throws or toppling over:

Trees in the forest stand with no value & not beneficial to other trees:

That portion of the seed resulting from union of male and female gametes and developing into a mature plant

These are trees introduced from a foreign country. A tree grown outside its natural range

The management of planted stands of trees to protect them and ensure survival, growth and identity; the conservation or preservation of trees as seed, pollen tissue culture, or excised plant parts.

The first (filial) generation of a cross. Usually the progeny from an F1 cross wil be phenotypically fairly uniform.

A group of closely related genotypes. The offspring of a single tree after open pollination or of a single pair of trees after controlled pollination.

The union of the nucleus and other cellular constituents of a male gamete (sperm) with those of an egg to form a zygote. In some species, fertilization may occur months after pollination.

Trees that have both parents in common. It is the most extreme type of inbreeding that can occur in bisexual organism.

Changes in gene frequency in small populations due to random chance. Usually a loss of rare alleles.

Variation due to the contribution of segregating genes and gene interactions represented as the proportion of total phenotypic variance that is exclusively genetics.

The law stating that both gene frequencies and genotypic frequencies will remain constant from generation to generation in an definitely large, interbreeding population in which mating is at random and there is no selection, migration or mutation.