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WorksheetsSociology Review for test 2
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 15hrs 15mins
Which of the following is true regarding U.S. socialzation of recent high school graduates?
They are expected to enter college, trade school, or the workforce shortly after graduation.
They are required to serve in the military for one year.
They are required to move away from their parents.
They are expected to take a year "off" before college.
The transition from college live to work life can be quite difficult for many young adults in the United States. Which is a possible cause for this struggle?
Finding a job, renting an apartment, and being independent is a daunting task that seems insurmountable.
The status quo has been maintained for a substantial peoprod of time, and now the economy and government are undergoing significant changes.
All the answers are correct.
What did Carol Gilligan believe earlier researchers into morality had overlooked?
The persepctive of females
How social enfironment affects how morality develops
The justice perspectie
Sympathetic reactions to moral situations
Which of the following is an example of role conflict?
Alex takes a sabbatical from his job as a professor of Molecular Biology to raise his two young children.
Derek attends law school and becomes a lawyer, though he dreams of one day becoming the next John Grisham.
Krista lands a role on Days of Our Lives and begins receiving fan mail from fans across the country.
Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.
Parents often socialize their children to:
Understand and follow the same norms that they themselves follow
Ignore society and live alone without much interaction with other people
Understand the follow different norms from what they themselves follow
Ignor society and create their own norms and follow them regardless of consequences
Durkheim defined ______ as the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society.
Anomie
Collective conscience
Bourgeoisie
The iron cage
Which statement about the distinction between sociology and psychology is true?
The fields of sociology and psychology have become more integrated in recent decades.
Both fields of of psychology and sociology are primarily focused on the mental development and influences that contribute to behavior.
Sociology tends to study external influences on self-development, whereas psychology focuses on its internal influences.
Psychology focuses on theories of self-development, while sociology centers on the development of societies.
Mark, whose parents are wealthy, has been socialized to believe that he can be whoever he wants to be. His best friend Matt, whose parents are blue-collar workers, has been socialized to believe that hard work and following instructions is all he needs to support himself. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit?
Symbolic Interactionism
Feminist Theory
Structural Functionalism
Conflict
In 1999, Sean Fanning, John Fanning, and Sean Parker invented Napster, a global, free-of-charge, peer-to-peer music sharing program. Prior to Napster, no such program existed. The three men created _____.
A cultural universal
A discovery
An innovation
A culture lag
The Agricultural Revolution is often referred to as “dawn of civilization” because:
Animals were first domesticated as a resource for survival.
Cities and towns were established, and humans had more time for leisure activities
Tribes became nomadic, traveling to various locations in search of sustenance.
Societies began to form where rainfall was plentiful; groups were able to cultivate plants instead of living nomadic lifestyles.
Society and culture _____.
Are unrelated
Could not exist together
Are the same thing
Could not exist without each other
Education is important to society because:
All answers are correct.
It teaches children how to interact with their peers and helps them to gain social graces.
It teachies children facts about the world in which they live.
It teaches children how to react to authority and how to behave in group and one-on-one situations
Sherry is in her mid-eighties and is moving to a nursing home. She is used to getting up at 5 o’clock each morning and making breakfast for herself. Her new roommate likes to sleep until 7 o’clock and breakfast is not served at the nursing home until 8 o’clock. What is Sherry most likely to experience through this transition?
Resocialization
A shift in her reading habits.
A complete and permanent loss of herself
A shift in her desire to enjoy life.
What is one difference between a more and a folkway?
Mores are constructed based on norms; folkways are not.
Mores are legally acceptable to violate; folkways are not.
Mores encourage social rebellion; folkways do not.
____ societies relied on permanent tools for survival, and expanded due to innovations such as crop rotation and fertilizer.
Agricultural
Hunter-gather
Industrial
Feudal
According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, when do humans begin to think about the feelings of other people and begin to see the world through other people’s eyes?
When they first go to school
In their teenage years
After they graduate from college.
When they are born
Émile Durkheim’s much lauded study of suicide is important to the field of sociology in many ways. One of the most influential impacts was:
It earned Émile Durkheim the title “Father of Sociology” so that other sociologists would have a role model.
It defined the differences between sociology and psychology
It showed the psychological reasons for suicide to be a lie.
It allowed psychology and sociology to merge into one field.
Why do sociologists need to be careful when drawing conclusions from twin studies?
The twins are often raised in different ways.
The results do not apply to singletons.
The sample sizes are often small.
The twins may turn out to actually be fraternal.
In an effort to control a total institution, and to create a community of sameness, inmates are forced to strip down, be searched by police officers, and given identical uniforms before entering prison. This is an example of _______.
A graduation ceremony
A degradation ceremony
An exit test that must be test
An entry test that must be passed
Ahmed has been trying to change his schedule so that he can take one more AP class his senior year in high school. He keeps running between the guidance office and the administration office to sort out the problem. Ahmed’s interaction with the school’s bureaucracy is an example of:
The hidden curriculum of schools
The generalized other
The influcences of a total institution
The influences of one's peer groups
Many Americans pay for haircuts, trips to the dentist, or transportation on the metro and bus systems. These actions support the notion of capitalism, an example of _____.
Material culture
Non-material culture
The counterculture
A cultural universal
The term language can be defined as:
Communication grounded in ideals, norms, and values.
A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted.
Gestures, signs, objects, signals, and words that help people understand the world.
The exchange of gestures and signals for the purpose of reaching a consensus.
What is one way to distinguished between psychology and sociology?
Psychologists are interested in mental health, while sociologists are interested in social functions.
All answers are correct.
Psychologyists look inward to understand behaviors while sociologists look outward.
Psychology focuses on the mind, while sociology focuses on society.
On the first day of high school, Kaitlin overhears a group of girls calling her “goth” and “emo.” She soon begins to don more black clothing, dark makeup, and seek out friends who dress the same. This is an example of ______.
Ascribed status
Role performance
institutionalization
Role strain
Peer groups are important to adolescents because:
They provide the second majr socialization experience outside the realm of their families.
They help to develop a sense of identity separate from adolescents' parents
They help exert dependence among adolescents.
They ran higher in importance to adolescents' than parental influence.
Katrina, age 5, and Sharon, age 4, love to play together while their mothers chat. Katrina has a toy iron and washing machine. She and Sharon spend hours “washing” and “ironing” her baby doll’s clothes, just like they see their mothers do. Which of George Herbert Mead’s stages of development are Katrina and Sharon exemplifying?
The game stage
The play stage
The "generalized other" stage
The preparatory stage
Chris Langan's story illustrates that:
intelligence is more important than socialization
children raised in one-parent households tend to have higher IQ's
neither socialization nor intelligence affects college admissions.
socialization can be more important than intelligence.
Erik Erikson's theory explains:
How human sexual desire is linked to the development of a personality.
Why Rhesus Monkey's perferred terry cloth maternal stand-ins versus the maternal stand-ins that provided food.
How the actions of society help shape personalities throughout the eight basic stages of life.
When human moral development begins in an individual.
The Harlows' study on rhesus monekys showed that
food is more important than social comfort
monkeys can be adequately socialized by imitating humans
social comfort is more important than food
rhesus monkeys raised by other primate species are poorly socialized
Which of the following is typically the earliest agent of socialzation?
Workplace
Family
School
Mass Media
Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto is based on the ____ perspective
Symbolic Interactionism
Functionalism
Institutionalism
Conflict Theory
Whose study described the differences in the way that boys and girls view morality?
Sigmund Freud
Lawrence Kholberg
Carol Gilligan
Erik Erikson
Charles Cooley’s concept of the looking-glass self hypothesizes that:
Personal identity isn’t influenced by outside social forces.
Self-esteem is directly correlated with body image.
People base their images on how they think other people see them.
The media encourages society to base their appearances on visible public figures.
Socialization, as a sociological term, describes:
the difference between interverts and extroverts
how people learn societal norms, beliefs, and values
how people interaction during social situatiosn
a person's intenral mental state when in a group setting
George Herbert Mead's specific path of development for indivduals is as follows:
Preparatory stage, game stage, play stage, generalized other stage
Game stage, play stage, generalized other stage, preparatory stage
Generalized other stage, preparatory stage, play stage, game stage
Preparatory stage, play stage, game stage, generalized other stage
Angelica visits Thailand with her family. When she wears short-shorts and tank tops while visiting a series of temples during her first week, she is met with hostility from the locals. She feels she no longer knows how to behave or interact with those outside her family. Angelica is experiencing _____.
material culture
culture shock
xenocentricism
cultural imperialism
Which of the followng is a manifest function of school?
Following a schedule
Learning to read and write
Knowing locker room etiquette
Understanding when to speak up and when to be silent
How do schools prepare children to one day enter the workforce?
By socializing them in teamwork
Through the hidden curriculum
With a standardized curriculum
All answers are correct.
Which of the following is not an age-related transition point when Americans must be socialized to new roles?
Senior citizen
School age
Infancy
Adulthood
Alienation is defined by the text as:
The strength of ties that people have to their social groups, was a key factor in social life
Social forces considered real which exist outside the individual
The condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from his or her society, work, or sense of self
The act of defying social norms in favor of group unity
The concept anomie can be defined as:
How strongly a person is connected to his or her social group.
When one or more of an individual’s roles clash.
A person’s beliefs and ideology are in conflict with her best interests.
A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness.
Joseph and Paula are excited to welcome their child into the world. They cannot wait to pass on all their knowledge, insight, and rich culture. Just as their parents gave them guidance and showed them how to live, Joseph and Paula will continue the chain by handing down their societal values and thus, sustain the society they love so much. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit?
Conflict
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Structual Functionalism
A judge and her gavel. A cop and his gun. A lawyer and her power suit. A ____ would be most concerned with the parts these objects play in impression management.
Conflict theorist
Functionalist
Feminist
Symbolic interactionist
Which of of the following is not a way peopld are socialized by religion?
Placed of worship provide a space for shared group experience.
Life stages and roles are connected to religioius celebration.
People learn the material culture of their religion.
An individual's personal internal experience of a divine being leads to their faith.
Karl Marx asserted that the means of societal change existed in the tension between:
The working class proletariat taking the means of production from the wealthy bourgeois.
The bourgeois struggling for the allocation of resources amongst themselves.
The proletariat fighting each other for a position within the bourgeois.
The enslaved bourgeois reclaiming power from the controlling proletariat.
Some socialist have pointed that gender roles are often determined by how a society socializes young boys and girls. Which of the following is an example of socializing a child into a gender role?
Allowing Joey to sleep with his "blankey".
Taking Himmy to the aquarium
Letting Kim wear paints to school.
Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with
From a sociological perspective, which factor does not greatly influence a person's socialization?
Race
Gender
Class
Blood type
Xenocentrism is:
The same as cultural imperitivism
The opposite of cultural universalism
The opposite of ethnocentrism
The opposite of cultural relativism
The term institutionalization can be defined as:
Responsibilities and benefits that a person experiences according to their rank and role in society.
The act of implanting a convention or norm into society.
The idea that society is constructed by us and those before us, and it is followed like a habit.
A status a person chooses, such as a level of education or income.
Sumaira is scared that she will not find a job in the current economy. She decides to be a business major and attend one of the top business schools in the country. Upon graduation, she is hired by a major investment banking firm in New York. Sumaira has completed:
Anticipatory socialization
Developing her sense of morality
A degradation ceremony
Developing her sense of self
It is parent-teacher conference day at Littleton Elementary School. Jimmy’s teacher is anxious to meet his parents and discuss his habit of disrupting the class. When the teacher expresses her concern that Jimmy is not being socialized properly, his dad insists that he was the same way at Jimmy’s age and that disrupting the class is natural for the children in his family. Jimmy’s teacher and father are arguing about which fundamental sociological theory?
Nature vs Nurture
George Herbert Mead's theory of self-development
Freud's theory of self-development
Kohlberg's theory of Moral Development
Functionalist Émile Durkheim viewed society as:
Split between two classes categorized by education, kinship, and religion
An even playing field composed of the educated and uneducated
An organism in which each portion plays a vital role in keeping the organism stable and healthy
The product of class struggle, requiring social revolutions to correct rampant class inequality
Please place the following societies in chronological order:
Pastoral; Agricultural, Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural
Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Agricultural; Horticultural
Pastoral; Hunter-gatherer; Horticultural; Agricultural
Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural
The term values can be defined as:
Federal laws and regulations.
A culture’s standard for discerning what’s good and just in society
The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true.
Scripture found within the Bible.
During her first day of kindergarten, Marie does not understand how the lunch line in the cafeteria works. She hesitates and watches as the older kids pick up their trays and silverware and then get in line. She follows their lead and successfully buys herself lunch. Marie’s experience in the lunchroom is an example of _____.
resocialization
anticipatory socialization
Socialization
The looking glass self
Why are wealthy parents more likely than poor parents to socialize their children toward creativity and problem solving?
Wealthy parents are not concerned about their children rebelling against their rules.
Wealth parents are socializing their children toward the skills of white-collar employment.
Wealthy parents are more concerned with money than with a good education.
Wealth parents never engage in repetitive tasks.
Baby Marla is always well dressed. She has ribbons, bows, and frills all over her dresses and even in her hair. Her mother, who is worried that people might mistake Marla for a little boy, is determined to communicate to the world that she has a baby girl. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit?
Feminist Theory
Structural Functionalism
Symbolic Interactionism
Conflict
How did nearly complete isolation as a child afffect Danielle's verbal abilities?
She could not understand much, but she could use gestures.
She could understand and use basic language like "yes" and "no"
She could not communicate at all.
She never learned words, but she did learn sign.
What occus in Lawrence Kohlberg's conventional level?
Morality is developed by pain and pleasure.
Parental beliefs have no influence on children's morality.
Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral.
Children develop the ability to have abstract thoughts.
MTV’s widely-watched TV series The Jersey Shore is an example of _____, while the obscure works of playwright Sam Shepard are an example of ______.
Popular culture; high culture
high culture; popular culture
high culture; high culture
popluar culture; popular culture
As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie because:
Society no longer has the support of the collective consciousness.
All of the above
Specialization of labor lead to alienation.
Collective norms are weakened.
