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WorksheetsComposition of Matter Practice
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 37mins
Everything is made of _.
(a)
Chemical changes in matter are essential to all of life's
follies.
processes.
needs.
All living things contain these 4 elements:
(a)
The H represents the (a) for hydrogen.
The 1 represents the (a) for hydrogen.
The 1.008 represents the (a) for hydrogen.
The atomic number represents the number of _ in the nucleus of an atom.
(a)
The orbital is a 3D region around a nucleus where _ are found.
electrons
protons
neutrons
The outermost layer of electrons
atomic
ionic
valence
covalent
When an orbital is (a) from the nucleus, it has more energy.
All atoms of an element have the same number of protons, but not necessarily the same number of _.
nucluei
neutrons
isotopes
_ are too small to add much mass to an element's atomic mass.
(a)
In the symbol shown, what does 23 represent?
the number of protons
the number of neutrons
the number of electrons
the atomic mass
Changing the number of neutrons within an atom doesn't change the element, but it does change the _.
charge
molecule
shape
mass
Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons are called _.
(a)
Carbon-14 and Carbon-16
are isotopes of the same element.
have the same number of neutrons.
are both carrying a negative charge.
both have 6 protons.
These are isotopes of the element Hydrogen. How would you write a hyphen notation for the Deuterium isotope?
(a)
Ideally, how many electrons do atoms want in their outermost energy level?
(a)
True or False: Most elements exist alone.
True
False
An example of a compound is...
Water (H2O)
Salt (NaCl)
Ozone (O3)
Baking Soda (NaHCO3)
Check all of the true statements about this Bohr Model:
The valence is full.
Sodium is represnted.
This atom is highly reactive.
There are electrons missing.
This atom will give up an electron in a an ionic bond.
How elements combine and form _ depends on the number and arrangement of electrons in their orbitals.
(a)
_ have no empty places in their outermost orbital.
Electrons
Chemically stable compounds
Most atoms
Molecules
True or False:
Most atoms are not stable in their natural state.
True
False
Because positive and negative electrical charges _, ions attract each other.
attract
repel
do nothing
are always moving
An attraction or a compound made from 2 charged atoms is known as a/an _.
chemical bond
compound
covalent bond
ionic bond
Key terms to help decide if electrons are shared or transferred
"molecules" (shared)
"compounds" (transferred)
"ionic" (transferred)
"covalent" (shared)
_ covalent bonds share electrons evenly.
Polar
Non-polar
Energy can occur in various forms. Which of the following is NOT a form of energy converted in living things?
Chemical
Electrical
Mechanical
Thermal
(All of these are types of energy converted in living things.)
Elements that are typically MORE electronegative are further to the _ (right/left) on the periodic table of elements.
(a)
_ energy must be added or removed to make phase change take place.
(a)
Energy is _ or _ when chemical bonds are broken and new ones are formed.
rearranged, changed
released, created
changed, absorbed
absorbed, released
True or False:
In a chemical reaction, bonds present in the the reactants are broken, the elements are rearranged, and new compounds are formed as products.
True
False
One reactions are show with a/an _.
(a)
True or False:
Most reactions will start on their own.
True
False
Reactions with _ happen spontaneously or without the addition of very little energy.
activation energy
catalysts
enzymes
Water is considered a polar compound because
it is very reactive.
because it is easily frozen.
because of the type of bond that is formed between its atoms.
because its charge is unevenly distributed within the molecule.
True or False:
Water molecules are highly attracted to other water molecules.
True
False
_ accounts for the unique properties of water.
Adhesion
Capillarity
Cohesion
Hydrogen bonding
True or False:
Water can absorb or release relatively large amounts of energy in the form of heat with large changes in temperature.
True
False
Water is unlike other liquids because its solid form is less dense than its liquid form. This happens (select all that are true)
because of how the molecules bond.
when energy is removed.
because the bonds created have spaces in between.
because water is the most magical of all liquids.
Solutions have these two parts:
solvent & solute
solids & liquids
water & salt
Solutions can be composed of various proportions of a given solute in a given solvent. When the amount of the solvent is high, the solution is said to be _.
(a)
When a solution cannot dissolve any more solute it is referred to as _.
really thick
saturated
highly concentrated
full
True or False:
The ionization of water happens when water molecules gain or lose a proton.
True
False
OH-
Hydroxide ion
Hydronium ion
H3O+
Hydroxide ion
Hydronium ion
_ is a measure of the relative amounts of hydronium ions & hydroxide ions dissolved in a solution.
Concentration
Ratio
Acidity/Alkalinity
Aqueous solution
If there are more hydronium ions, the substance is _.
(a)
If the number of hydronium and hydroxide ions are equal in a solution, it is said to be _.
even
balanced
neutral
equal
If there are more hydroxide ions in a solution, it is...
basic.
slimy.
alkaline.
bitter tasting.
Scientists developed a scale to compare concentrations of hydroxide & hydronium. It is called _.
pH scale
H & H slider
acid-base scale
buffer scale
When Karen has heartburn, she takes a Tums(R)to neutralize the excess stomach acid. Tums(R) might be considered a/an _.
(a)
