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AP Biology Unit 2 Review

Total questions: 37

Worksheet time: 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Describe the difference between rough ER and smooth ER.

a)

Rough ER compartmentalizes cell & protein synthesis; Smooth ER functions in detox and lipid synthesis

b)

Rough ER functions in ribosome synthesis; Smooth ER functions in lipid synthesis

c)

Rough ER functions in detox and lipid synthesis; Smooth ER compartmentalizes cell & protein synthesis

d)

Rough ER functions in lipid synthesis; Smooth ER functions in ribosome synthesis

2.

Which organelle is a membrane-bound structure that functions in correct folding/chemical modification of proteins?

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Lysosome

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

3.

Which is membrane-enclosed sacs that contain hydrolytic enzymes?

a)

Golgi complex

b)

Lysosome

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

4.

Which is responsible for storage and release of macromolecules and cellular waste products? (In plants, aids in turgor)

a)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

b)

Lysosome

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Vacuoles

5.

Describe the relationship between cell size and SA:V ratios.

a)

As cells increase in size, the SA:V ratio increases

b)

As cells decrease in size, the SA:V ratio decreases

c)

As cells increase in size, the SA:V ratio decreases

d)

Cell size has no effect on the SA:V ratio

6.

Which of the following requires an input of energy for membrane transport?

a)

Charged ion moving against concentration gradient

b)

Water moving into a hypertonic cell

c)

Charged ion moving with concentration gradient

d)

Water moving out of a hypotonic cell

7.

What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

a)

Endocytosis involves cytoplasm of a neighboring cell entering

b)

Endocytosis involves phagocytosis or pinocytosis to bring materials in cell

c)

Exocytosis involves cytoplasm of a neighboring cell exiting

d)

Exocytosis involves phagocytosis or pinocytosis to remove material from cell

8.

Which of the following correctly describe the movement of water?

a)

Cell with 0.5M concentration will gain water from the 1.0M exterior solution

b)

Cell with 0.5M concentration will gain water from the 0.5M exterior solution

c)

Cell with 1.0M concentration will gain water from the 0.5M exterior solution

d)

Cell with 0.5M concentration will lose water to the 0.5M exterior solution

9.

Why is a eukaryotic cell able to be larger than a prokaryotic cell?

a)

Membrane-bound organelles compartmentalize intracellular processes

b)

Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus which decreases the volume of the cell

c)

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus which decreases the volume of the cell

d)

Absence of membrane-bound organelles allows for enzymatic reactions.

10.

Aldosterone (a steroid hormone) is a small, nonpolar, hydrophobic molecule that enters a target cell by moving across the plasma membrane, down a concentration gradient.


Based on the information presented, how does aldosterone most likely enter target cells?

a)

By simple diffusion

b)

By facilitated diffusion

c)

By active transport

d)

By endocytosis

11.
All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier called a(n)
a)

nucleus

b)
cell wall
c)
cell membrane
d)

cytoplasm

12.
_____ are located near the nucleus, help organize cell division, and are not found in plant cells.
a)
vacuoles
b)
centrioles
c)
chloroplasts
d)
organelles
13.

Most prokaryotic cells produce a strong supporting layer around the cell membrane known as a(n)

a)

flagellum

b)
cell wall
c)

cilia

d)

vacuole

14.
The ____ ____ regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also protects and supports the cell.
a)
Golgi Apparatus
b)
ER
c)
cell wall
d)
cell membrane
15.
Particles moving from a high concentration to a lower concentration are demonstrating _____.
a)
diffusion
b)
confusion
c)
permeable response to environment
d)
permanent membrane
16.

Molecules that are unable to diffuse across the membrane may use ___________ or special protein channels to pass through,

a)

simple diffusion

b)

endocytosis

c)
facilitated diffusion
d)

exocytosis

17.
Isotonic, as pertains to water and sugar, refers to ______ _____.
a)

more water

b)

same concentration

c)

more solution

d)
over production
18.
When it is said that the more concentrated sugar solution is "above strength" then it is referring to _______.
a)

hypotonic

b)

solution

c)
hypertonic
d)

isotonic

19.
The _____ convert chemical energy stored in food into compounds the cells can use.
a)

vacuoles

b)
mitochondria
c)

ribosomes

d)

peroxisomes

20.
Which statement is correct about diffusion?
a)
It's very rapid over long distances.
b)
It's a passive process which molecules move from a region of higher to lower concentration.
c)
It requires an energy expenditure by the cell.
d)
It's an active process where molecules move from a region of lower to higher concentration.
21.
Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?
a)
central vacuole
b)
chloroplast
c)
wall made of cellulose
d)
mitochondrion
22.
A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water-equal to the volume of blood lost-is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?
a)
The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypertonic compared to the cells.
b)
The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
c)
It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of viruses and bacteria.
d)
The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
23.
Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?
a)
glycogen
b)
cellulose
c)
proteins
d)
lipids
24.
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except
a)
a plasma membrane
b)
DNA
c)
an endoplasmic reticulum
d)
ribosomes
25.
When a plant cell, such as one from a tulip stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?
a)
The cell membrane will lyse.
b)
The cell will burst.
c)
The cell will become turgid.
d)

Nothing - the cell will stay the same size.

26.

Active transport is when molecules move ________ the concentration gradient.

a)

against

b)

up

c)

down

d)

with

27.

This picture is a representation of what type of transport?

a)

Osmosis because it is diffusing through a protein from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

b)

Facilitated diffusion because it is diffusing through a protein from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

c)

Facilitated diffusion because it is diffusing through a protein from an area of low concentration to high concentration.

d)

Simple diffusion because it is diffusing through a protein from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

28.

This a picture of an animal and plant cell placed in a solution. Describe the solution?

a)

Isotonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Hypertonic

29.

This a picture of an animal and plant cell placed in a solution. Describe the solution?

a)

Isotonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Hypertonic

30.

Some cells move large particles out of the cell through the process of:

a)

Protein Synthesis

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Cytoplasmic Streaming

31.
In this image, the cell is using which type of molecular transport?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion 
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis 
32.

Which cell is in a hypertonic environment?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

None of them are hypertonic

33.

White blood cells engulf bacteria using _______________.

a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

osmosis

d)

receptor-mediated exocytosis

34.
Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
A 
35.
Hydrophilic portion of cell membrane?
a)
A
b)
C
c)
D
d)
E 
36.

Used for transporting large or charged molecules?

a)
A
b)
C
c)
D
d)
E 
37.

Used for cell communication or signaling

a)
A
b)
C
c)

B

d)
E 

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