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WorksheetsLiving Environment Regents Review Questions
Total questions: 196
Worksheet time: 3hrs 18mins
Lactase is an enzyme that can hydrolyze (break down) milk proteins but does nothing to starch. Which statement best explains this observation?
Enzymes have specific functions and actions
Starch molecules are too large to be hydrolyzed
Starch is composed of amino acids
Egg whites act as a coenzyme for hydrolysis
How do enzymes speed up biochemical reactions? (a)
Based on the graph, what is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? (a)
Which is the initial color of starch indicator solution? (a)
When a cell shrinks in size, what type of solution was added to it?
Salt solution
Tap water
distilled water
iodine solution
Based on the distribution of these molecules, what would most likely happen after a period of time?
Which statement best describes the general direction of diffusion across the membrane of this cell?
What process requires energy?
active transport
osmosis
diffusion
passive transport
creating large, complex molecules by combining smaller molecules is referred to as ____
excretion
transport
synthesis
homeostasis
A solution with a pH of 9 is a(n) ___.
Acid
Base
Organic compounds such as starch are too ___ to fit though the cell membrane. They must be digested into ___ before they can be absorbed
Big
simple sugars
Big
amino acids
small
amino acids
Big
fatty acids
Which is the strongest acid?
ph of 1
ph of 4
ph of 7
ph of 9
E
B
C
A
What is the monomer of a lipid?
Amino Acid
Fatty Acid
Monosaccharides
Glucose
A monosaccharide is....
carbohydrate
lipids
protein
nucleic acid
An enzyme and substrate can be compared to
lock and key
a faucet
a door hinge
light switch
The modern cell theory states that...
Most living things are made of CELLS.
All living things are made of ATOMS.
All living things are made of CELLS.
Some living things are made of CELLS
One main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that...
only prokaryotic cells have cell walls
only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
only prokaryotic cells have ribosomes
only eukaryotic cells have DNA
Which sentence describes existing cells?
All cells come from previously existing cells.
All cells develop from the remains of other cells.
All cells, once formed, continue to live forever.
All the cells that are on Earth have always been here.
Which part of the cell allows material to pass in and out of the cell?
nucleus
cell membrane
cytoplasm
Chloroplast
Which structures are the basis of life for all living things?
muscle tissues
cells
nuclei
cell walls
What is the function of the organelle depicted in the photo?
To dispose of waste in the cell.
To capture sunlight and convert it into glucose for the cell.
To release energy into the cell.
To control what leaves and enters the cell.
Which photo shows the mitochondrion of the cell?
This organelle is found in both plant and animal cells, but is usually much bigger in plant cells.
The purple organelle in photo depicts which organelle?
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Lysosome
Ribosome
Identify the structure that is indicated by the arrow in the image.
cell wall
central vacuole
chloroplast
cell membrane
Which of these organelles is not found in a animal cell?
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
This organelle is responsible for disposing of waste in the cell.
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Cell Wall
Lysosome
Which organelle makes proteins?
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Lysosome
What is the function of the cell membrane?
To control what comes in and out of the cell
To break down food inside the cell
to serve as a barrier
to eat the cells food
Which organelle produces the energy a cell needs to carry out its function
Mitochondria
Golgi Bodies
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
what is the function of ribosomes
to assemble amino acids to create proteins
to pack proteins
to clean proteins
The control center of cell is
the nucleus
ribosomes
chromatin
What two organelles are NOT in an animal cell?
Cell Membrane and Mitochondria
Nucleus and Ribosomes
Cell Wall and Chloroplasts
Golgi Body and Lysosomes
Name this organelle
Ribosomes
Vacuole
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Makes proteins
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Golgi Body
Nucleus
Creates energy for ALL cells, the powerhouse of the cell
Nucleolus
Vacuole
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Holds the DNA, or genetic material, in ALL cells; the brain of the cell
Cell Wall
Mitochondria
Golgi Body
Nucleus
When these bond together, they form a protein
Amino Acids
Peptide Bonds
Ribose
Nucleotides
What is the monomer of a protein?
monosaccharide
glycerol/fatty acid
amino acid
nucleotide
Using the diagram, match the following.
A
Substrate
B
Enzyme
C
Active Site
D
Product
E
Enzyme Substrate Complex
The optimum pH for this enzyme is approximately
2
3.5
5.5
8
10
Which organelle does cellular respiration occur in?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
The energy stored in glucose is transferred to ________________.
A molecule known as ATP
A molecule known as ADP
water molecules
oxygen molecules
What pH does a neutral substance have?
5
6
7
8
Which of the following is the weakest acid?
bananas (pH 5)
tomatoes (pH 4)
cheese (pH 6)
orange juice (pH 3)
___ is particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
Active transport
Passive transport
The cell shrunk in size, which means it was placed in a ____ solution.
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
What term describes a solution that has the same solute concentration inside of and outside of the cell?
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
What part of the cell regulates what can enter and leave the cell?
Diffusion is a form of __________ transport.
Passive
Active
Easy
Free
_____________ is the free movement of particles across the membrane with the concentration gradient
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
active transport
fusion
What is the movement of particles with the concentration gradient using protein "helpers"?
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
active transport
enzymatic reactions
In what direction will these particles tend to diffuse?
Downward, into the cytoplasm
Upward, into the extracellular fluid
In both directions equally
What is the movement of small particles across a selectively permeable membrane like the cell membrane until equilibrium is reached?
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
Ion Channel
Active transport requires
A concentration gradient
Osmosis
Energy
Hypertonic solution
Passive Transport uses ____ energy
no
a lot of
a little bit of
some
The general name for movement of substances across cell membranes without need of energy input
passive transport
active transport
Which two bear species are most closely related?
Bear 1 and Bear 2
Bear 1 and Bear 3
Bear 2 and Bear 3
There’s no way to tell
GTAGTCA
A sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of tRNA, corresponding to a complementary codon in mRNA
Anticodon
Deoxyribose
Double Helix
Gene Expression
How many codons: AAU GCG AUG
9
1
3
15
The pancreas detects the amount of glucose in the blood. What does the pancreas release if blood sugar is too LOW?
The pancreas releases glucagon if blood sugar is too low
The pancreas releases insulin if blood sugar is too low
The pancreas releases glucose if blood sugar is too low
The pancreas releases beta cells if blood sugar is too low
What are the enzymes called when they are at high temperature or extreme pH?
denatured
Killed
inactive
normal
What three main systems are interacting to allow you to walk around?
Endocrine & Nervous & Skeletal
Nervous & Muscle & Skeletal
Muscle & Endocrine & Leg
Skeletal & Endocrine & Muscle
What two systems are interacting when your body is digesting food, and spreading nutrients around your body?
Digestion & Circulatory
Respiratory & Digestion
Circulatory & Respiratory
Nervous & Respiratory
Hormones cause specific effects by ______.
Flooding the entire body
Targeting specific parts of the brain
Targeting specific groups of cells in the body
Spreading through the nervous system
What is homeostasis in the human body
A state of powerful focus
The optimal balance with in your body
Full body system failure
A disease that is from bacteria
What is the correct order of organization?
cells->tissue->organs->organ systems-> organism
tissue->cells->organs->organ systems-> organism
organs->organ systems-> organism->cells->tissue
The openings found at the bottom of a leaf are known as:
Guard Cells
Veins
Stomata (stomates)
Spongy Mesophyll
a grouping of two or more types of tissue that performs a specific function that contributes to the larger purpose
Organ
Organ System
Organelle
Organism
The main function of stomata is to
capture sunlight
protect leaves from insects
allow gases to move rapidly in/out of leaves
release sugars into the atmosphere
Rabbits feed on insects near trees while other animals feed on insects located on the leaves near the middle of the trees. This tells us that the different feeding locations indicates that they have different
Ecosystems
Methods of reproduction
Methods of selective breeding
niches
Which group would most likely be represented in a food chain?
Biotic factors
Abiotic factors
Inorganic compounds
Small resources
How do we know when a population has reached its carrying capacity?
The fish come to the top of the bowl looking for food
No more members of the population can occupy the given space
The leaves begin to drop off the tree
Decomposers are visible
The removal of mitochondria from a typical animal cell would have an immediate effect on the cell's production of
DNA
oxygen
ATP
glucose
Which factor would be an abiotic limiting factor for fish living in a lake in New York State?
amount of algae
number of humans fishing
number of predators
acidity of the water
A native species competes for resources with a non-native species accidentally introduced into the area. The nonnative species are more likely to survive than the native species when
both species eat the same food
predators prey on both species
the native species is immune to a particular pathogen present in the ecosystem
the nonnative species has no natural enemies present in the ecosystem
Evidence suggests that a large meteorite hit Earth 65 million years ago, causing a layer of dust to block out the Sun, cooling the planet. It is estimated that 70% of all plant and animal species, including the dinosaurs, died off as a result. The best explanation for the deaths of these organisms is that
consumers require sunlight to make sugars in order to survive
the amount of energy available to the biosphere was decreased
energy is produced only by plants
all animals eat plants for energy
DNA is formed using four kinds of base subunits. In a double-stranded segment of DNA, the percentage of the base C is 18%. What is the approximate percentage of base T?
18%
32%
36%
64%
When a person receives a transplanted organ,
many medications are necessary to keep the
organ from being rejected. The process of organ
rejection is similar to the one involved in
the growth of cancerous tissue
an allergic reaction
a genetic mutation
the production of an antigen
One result of the ability of organisms to detect and appropriately respond to stimuli is
an organ malfunction
an allergic reaction
dynamic equilibrium
gene manipulation
Some organisms have variations. Two sources of these variations are
mitotic and meiotic cell division
mutations and recombination
cloning and sexual reproduction
natural selection and evolution
In order to prepare for a future outbreak of Ebola, a harmful virus, two vaccines were tested. In order for either of these vaccines to be effective, they must
cause the immune system to produce special proteins that will recognize and destroy the virus
be able to destroy the DNA code that produces white blood cells that can carry the virus
stimulate the human body to produce antigens that can attach to and destroy the Ebola virus
produce bacterial cells that can attack the Ebola virus
The population of reindeer has been decreasing over the last 20 years in the Arctic because climate change has led to more rainfall there. The rain freezes on top of the snow, preventing the reindeer from getting through the snow to find food. Which action by humans has most likely contributed to climate change?
recycling materials
protecting wildlife
maintaining the ozone shield
burning fossil fuels
Which statement about the functioning of the human reproductive system is correct?
The zygote helps the mother provide milk to the fetus before it is born
Testes produce unfertilized eggs and release them so that they can be fertilized by sperm
Ovaries are where male gametes undergo meiosis to reduce their chromosome number
The uterus is where the fetus develops internally until birth
A Christmas tree farmer cuts down a native forest to plant Frasier fir trees. Compared to the original forest, the newly planted Christmas tree farm will most likely be
more stable and more diverse
more stable and less diverse
less stable and more diverse
less stable and less diverse
A major environmental concern in urban areas is pollution produced by automobiles. Fluids, such as oil and gasoline, may leak out of vehicles and end up in lakes, streams, and rivers. One reason why scientists are concerned about this type of pollution is that
the presence of these fluids in waterways could make them uninhabitable for aquatic organisms and reduce water supplies for humans
the addition of these fluids will cause an increase in the levels of lakes and rivers, possibly causing flooding in nearby areas
these fluids increase the rate of photosynthesis in aquatic plants, reducing the amount of O2 available for other life forms
the addition of these chemicals to waterways reduces air quality, which would lead to increased respiratory diseases and global warming
When a plant is in a hot and dry environment, the guard cells may close the stomate openings in the leaves. This action will directly
maintain homeostasis by reducing the evaporation of water
harm the plant by cutting off its oxygen supply
maintain homeostasis by preventing carbon dioxide from entering
harm the plant by cutting off its energy supply
Destruction of ocean habitats by pollution today means that the organisms living there may not survive in the future. By polluting the oceans, humans are
helping advance economic gains by using resources wisely
altering the equilibrium of ocean ecosystems
decreasing the rate of species extinction
increasing the stability of the oceans
Each of the cells present in a woman contains a complete set of chromosomes. The only exceptions are her
skin cells
egg cells
nerve cells
lung cells
Human society has become increasingly dependent on industry and technology. While this has had many benefits, it also has had the disadvantage of
reducing the amount of food that can be produced by one acre of farmland
lowering the level of carbon dioxide available for plants to use for photosynthesis
raising the number of producers worldwide to dangerous levels
increasing our reliance on energy sources such as fossil fuels
The series of fossil snail shells below represents 10 samples that were collected from deposits laid down from 10 million years ago to 3 million years ago. The shells are arranged in order by age. The shells shown represent how they looked at various times over a 7-million-year period.
It would be most accurate to conclude that the snails of this species
changed in size due to environmental changes that affected the survival of different-sized snails
grew smaller, then larger over time as the environment changed from wetter to a drier climate
changed in size at different times, because they needed better protection from predators
grew larger because, as organisms evolve, they always become larger and more complex
When a person is threatened, the pituitary gland releases a hormone that stimulates the adrenal glands to release stress hormones. These stress hormones can cause a temporary increase in heart rate. This is an example of
an enzyme interaction
a feedback mechanism
an immune-system response
an allergic reaction
The diagram below represents part of a biological process that begins with a chromosome containing a specific human gene being removed from a human cell.
The overall process is important because it
may be used to make human DNA identical to that of other organisms
helps scientists understand how amino acids are grouped together to form a genetic code
results in the production of carbohydrates that cannot mutate and cause disease
may be used to produced chemicals that can be used to treat certain human disorders
Studying fossils provides evidence for evolution because fossils
take a long time to form
can show patterns of biological change over time
always contain complete DNA sequences
found in the same area are usually closely related to each other
Which statement best describes the interactions between the structures found within a single-celled organism?
They allow the organism to maintain homeostasis
They prevent homeostasis from damaging the cell
They must act independently of each other
They carry out the same life process in order to maintain homeostasis
Sexually reproduced offspring have traits similar to their parents because they receive
all of the proteins from each parent
some of the proteins from both parents
all of the genes present in both parents
some of the genes present in each parent
Correctly pairs a group of organisms with the type of nutrition they carry out.
carnivore
eat meat
decomposer
recycles decaying matter
herbivore
consumes plants
producers
form glucose from solar radiation
omnivore
can consume plants and animals
Rubber usually comes from petroleum or from the Asian rubber tree plant. Scientists have modified a single trait in the domestic plant, guayule, to increase its ability to produce rubber for commercial use. The process that was most likely used to modify the plants’ traits and increase their natural rubber production was
selecive breeding of two similar plants
genetic recombination during sexual reproduction
genetic engineering to alter a specific gene
fertilizing the plants with key substances found in petroleum
A response of a normally functioning immune system that can be harmful is
being infected by the flu virus
rejecting an organ transplant
recognizing chemical signals
fighting off bacterial infection
Which molecules are normally found in single-celled organisms?
organic molecules only
inorganic molecules only
both organic and inorganic molecules
neither organic nor inorganic molecules
Hammerhead sharks are unlike most other shark species. Nearly all shark species either lay eggs or give birth to live young after their eggs hatch internally. Hammerhead sharks form a placenta, a structure more commonly found in mammals, such as humans. One role of the placenta in the development of offspring is normally to
produce blood cells
produce gametes
provide milk
transfer nutrients
PCR, Polymerase Chain Reaction, is a method for carrying out DNA replication. In order to perform this technique, a scientist would need
a DNA template, ATP, and 20 different amino acid subunits
enzymes, several types of simple sugars, and starch molecules
a DNA template, enzymes, and subunits with A, G, T and C bases
enzymes, specific receptor molecules and several hormones
Farmers have been planting crops that express an insecticide gene so that when pests consume these crops, the pests are poisoned. Unfortunately, since these plants were introduced in 1996, growing numbers of insect pests have developed resistance to the insecticide. The process that led to the insect resistance can best be explained by
ecological succession
selective breeding
asexual reproduction
natural selection
Killer whales are an endangered species. The decline in the whales’ numbers has been linked to poor nutrition, resulting in the inability to maintain a pregnancy. This risk of developing whale embryos is most likely a result of
an environmental factor not associated with the embryo's gene
an infection caused by the embryo's exposure to a pathogen
faults in the genes of the embryo itself
toxins that are introduced into the mother from the embryo's blood
A biotechnology tool, known as CRISPR-Cas9, allows scientists to precisely edit genes. In order to edit genes, CRISPR-Cas9 must be able to
alter the base sequence of DNA
prevent cells from differentiating
block cell receptors from receiving signals
change the rate at which a cell uses ATP
By measuring the colors of light reflected by different tree species in a forest, scientists can determine the amount of biodiversity present in different areas. Maintaining biodiversity is important because it
reduces the carrying capacity of a forest ecosystem
guarantees that all species within a forest will survive
increases the number of predators that control the population size of prey
ensures the availability of a variety of genetic material
The cells in the diagram below were present in the same individual.
These cells are most similar in the
amount of energy they release
type of proteins they synthesize
rate of their metabolism
information stored in their DNA
Which sequence best represents the correct order of events in the formation of a sexually reproduced individual?
embryo → zygote → gamete → fetus
zygote → embryo → fetus → gamete
gametes → embryo → fetus → zygote
gametes → zygote → embryo → fetus
The process of differentiation is best described as the
production of a genetically identical copy of an organism
change in shape of a protein due to high temperatures
process by which cells specialize and develop into a specific type of cell
process in which genes are made and transferred into other organisms
Which statement best describes the process of competition?
It may be for abiotic or biotic resources
It is not affected by changes in the environment
It always occurs between members of different species
It allows nutrients in an ecosystem to move from herbivores to autotrophs
Changes in external temperatures often result in a person either sweating or shivering, as represented in the diagram below. These responses are one way
to counteract feedback mechanisms that would otherwise be beneficial
to make the body release insulin to control blood circulation
the body is able to maintain dynamic equilibrium
skin and muscle cells are able to disrupt homeostasis
Which statement about the response of the body to pathogens is correct?
Red blood cells engulf invaders and produce antibodies that attack invaders.
Vaccinations may contain weakened microbes that stimulate the formation of antibodies.
AIDS is a bacterial disease that strengthens the immune system.
All allergic reactions are caused by an immune response to microorganisms.
New skin cells form as a result of
meiotic cell division
sexual reproduction
mitotic cell division
gene recombination
Which statement is true about the biological process shown?
This is a short-term process resulting from sudden changes
This process cannot be altered by humans and other organisms
If the hardwood trees are destroyed, the altered ecosystem cannot recover
The shrubs modify the environment, making it more suitable for the softwood trees.
When cells such as skin cells shown reproduce abnormally, it could be a sign of
an immune response
dynamic equilirium
cancerous cell growth
a cellular adaptation
Which statement describes a situation that
would reduce the stability of a forest ecosystem?
a fierce predator is removed from the ecosystem
the number of producers remains constant in the ecosystem
organisms frequently interact within the ecosystem
the energy in the ecosystem flows from the Sun
Although the digestive system is primarily
responsible for the breakdown of food, this process can be disrupted if the circulatory system malfunctions. The best explanation for this disruption is that
human body systems interact with each other to perform life functions
the circulatory system is the control center of the body
the digestive system and the circulatory system have many organs in common
the circulatory system is responsible for the coordination of life functions, including the breakdown of food
When an organism reproduces asexually, it usually has
only one parent, and half as much DNA as the parent
only one parent, and the same chromosome number as the parent
two parents, and twice as much DNA as either parent
two parents, and the same chromosome number as each parent
The corn we eat today is larger and has more kernels than the corn people first grew thousands of years ago. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have occurred?
mitosis
succession
direct harvest
selective breeding
Which statement is correct concerning hereditary information?
A chromosome is composed of many genes
A gene is composed of many chromosomes
Each chromosome carries the same information
Each gene carries the same information
Which process is most closely associated with the regulation of water loss from the leaves of trees?
digestion of water within the cytoplasm in the leaf cells of the trees
synthesis of protein by the chloroplasts in the leaf cells of the trees
movement of water through leaf openings controlled by guard cells
absorption of nitrogen through leaf openings controlled by guard cells
A mutation occurring in a human can be passed from parent to offspring when it occurs in a
lung cell, due to exposure to a toxic gas
gamete formed in the ovary
body cell undergoing mitosis
heart cell with chromosome damage
If the concentration of sodium is greater outside a cell than inside the cell, which process could move sodium out of the cell?
diffusion
carbohydrate synthesis
active transport
digestion
The basic building blocks of a protein are
glucose molecules
amino acids
hormones
fats
Over time, data that support the successful evolution of a species would include observations that describe
an increase in the genetic changes occurring in body cells
a decrease in the genetic variety carried in sex cells
an increase in the proportion of offspring that have favorable characteristics
a decrease in the proportion of the population that has beneficial traits
Male turkeys are birds that naturally strut and display their large tail feathers, which attracts female turkeys. This display is an example of
a behavorial adaptation
selective breeding
asexual reproduction
a learned behavior
A scientist at a large natural history museum has a collection of fossils that were found throughout the world. Only a few of the fossils represent species that are still alive on Earth today. One reason for this is that
most of the species that have ever lived on Earth are alive today
most of the species that have ever lived on Earth are extinct
fossils of only extinct species have been found
species alive today will not form fossils for future discovery by scientists
Which statement concerning sexual reproduction is correct?
It is not necessary in order for the individual to survive.
The offspring are identical to the parent.
It is necessary in order for the individual to survive.
The offspring are identical to each other
In an embryo, the formation of many types of tissues and organs occurs as a result of the process of
fertilization
genetic sorting
differentiation
gene recombination
Shrimp that live in the cold waters off Alaska will die if introduced into warm water. One likely reason these shrimp do not survive is that enzymes in the shrimp
start to replicate
change shape
are composed of fat molecules that melt
break down into small starch molecules
Which statement describes a function of the hormone estrogen?
It regulates the secretion of digestive enzymes
It promotes sperm production in males
It influences the development of adult sex characteristics
It maintains blood sugar levels
The primary function of the human male reproductive system is to
provide a site for fertilization
produce and transport gametes
protect and nourish the embryo
prevent urine from leaving the body
An immune response is primarily due to the body's white blood cells recognizing
a hormone imbalance
abiotic organisms
foreign antigens
known antibiotics
In an effort to reduce the number of deaths due to malaria, scientists have successfully introduced a gene into mosquitoes. The gene prevents mosquitoes from supporting the development of the parasite that causes malaria. The technique used to produce this new variety of mosquito is most likely
chromotography
genetic engineering
electrophoresis of genes
selective breeding
The organic compounds that scientists use to cut, copy and move segments of DNA are
carbohydrates
enzymes
hormones
starches
To clone a mammal, a cloned embryo is often put into an adult female of the same species to continue internal development. The structure in which the embryo will develop is the
ovary
placenta
uterus
egg
Genetic researchers have discovered a number of different gene mutations that have led to the development of cancer. These mutations affect how frequently a cell reproduces. Which process would be directly influenced by these mutations?
differentiation of cells in an embryo
meiotic cell division
division of sperm and egg cells
mitotic cell division
Lobsters are crustaceans related to crayfish, crabs, and shrimp. Most lobsters are reddish-brown in color, but on rare occasions, they can be orange blue, or even multicolored. These color differences can be caused by
genetic variation
different number of offspring
overpopulation and excessive resources
the instability of the ecosystem
Fat molecules typically contain long chains of carbon atoms. Animals tend to store fats for use when food resources are scarce. This is an advantage to the animal because
much energy can be gained by breaking the bonds between atoms in the fats
fats give off carbon dioxide that can be used by the muscles
amino acids from fat synthesis are more easilu digested than carbohydrates
energy can only be created by digesting fats
While looking at the bottom surface of a leaf with a compound light microscope, a student notices pairs of cells with openings between them on the surface of the leaf. The main purpose of these openings and the cells that surround them is
removing excess sugars
synthesis of carbon dioxie
regulating gas exchange
purification of water
Single-celled organisms are able to maintain homeostasis, even though they lack higher levels of organization such as organs and organ systems, because
single-celled organisms do not carry out the same life processes as multicellular organisms
multicellular organisms do not rely on tissues or organs to carry out life processes
cell structures work together to maintain homeostasis in single-celled organisms
single-celled organisms are able to coordinate organ functions to maintain homeostasis
Sharks are often followed by smaller fish that eat some of the scraps from the organisms eaten by the shark. These smaller fish are acting as
decomposers
scavengers
producers
herbivores
The photographs are side-by-side images of twins A and B with identical genetic information. Twin A is a nonsmoker, while twin B is a longtime smoker. The best explanation for the differences in the appearance of the twins is that
twin B is older than twin A
they each inherited half of their DNA from each parent
the expression of genes is influenced by the environment
one twin resembles the mother and the other resembles the father
A stable ecosystem can have high biodiversity because each species in that ecosystem
occupies a different niche
inhabits a different enviornment
is part of a different community
lives in a different biosphere
After a lake dried up during a severe drought, a section of undisturbed rock layers was exposed. The layers are represented below. This sequence of rock layers best illustrates the concept that
the living and nonliving environment both change over time
it is important to preserve the diversity of species and habitats
new inheritable characteristics can result from the recombining of genes
living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of unlimited size
Some organisms in an ecosystem are represented in the pyramid. In the pyramid, the arrows labeled X represent
the loss of organisms due to predation
a decrease in photosynthetic organisms
the loss of energy in the form of heat
a decrease in available oxygen
