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WorksheetsHIST 1301 Preview
Total questions: 117
Worksheet time: 59mins
The Indians first arrived in the _____ Hemipshere from Asia via a "land bridge" over the "______ ______".
-Eastern
-Pangea Strait
-Southern
-Bering Strait
-Northern
- Beijing Strait
-Western
- Bering Strait
(a) were known for their farming skills and their mathematics.
These people understood the concept of numbers being lower than 0.
Tenochtilán
(more than one answer)
founded in 1325 AD
Now known as modern day Mexico City
made water canals in their cities
20,000 sacrifices per year
The Aztec Empire conquered by ______ ______ in 1519
(a)
Anasazi (aka Pueblos or the ancient ones)
Which statement is NOT true about the Anasazi?
Very Intelligent
Navajo and Apaches wiped them out
Made cities next to the rivers
Made cities into caves and cliffs
What was the importance of the Horse?
Allowed native Americans to hunt on horseback
To eat
Used Horses to help move tents and items
They were a religious symbol
The Indians first arrived in the _____ Hemipshere from Asia via a "land bridge" over the "______ ______".
-Eastern
-Pangea Strait
-Southern
-Bering Strait
-Northern
- Beijing Strait
-Western
- Bering Strait
Who were impressive engineers, that created giant stone sentinels and fully-functional underground sewer systems around 1200 B.C.?
Anasazi
Olmecs
Mayans
Toltecs
(a) were known for their farming skills and their mathematics.
These people understood the concept of numbers being lower than 0.
Tenochtilán
(more than one answer)
founded in 1325 AD
Now known as modern day Mexico City
made water canals in their cities
20,000 sacrifices per year
- A materialistic culture
-genocidal warfare to be the main group
-used obsidian to make their weapons
Aztecs
Anasazi
Olmecs
Mayans
The Aztec Empire conquered by ______ ______ in 1519
(a)
Anasazi (aka Pueblos or the ancient ones)
Which statement is NOT true about the Anasazi?
Very Intelligent
Navajo and Apaches wiped them out
Made cities next to the rivers
Made cities into caves and cliffs
What are the 3 Vulnerabilities of Native Civilizations?
No tools of Iron
No concept of Indian Brotherhood
Highly susceptible to European diseases
Didn't use the wheel
Who was the person responsible for separating England from the Catholic Church?
Martin Luther
King George III
John Smith
King Henry VIII
What were the effects of European exploration on Native Americans?
lack of horses left them at a disadvantage
belief in magic & superstition led to their demise
died from diseases, and brutal treatment
none of these
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Biological encounter between natives of Americas and the first Europeans to the New World
Introduction of Christianity to the natives in the Americas
Implementation of new technological skills for exploration of new lands
Belief that Europeans should treat Indians as savages
What role did disease play in the Columbian Exchange?
New food products discovered in the Americas infected Europeans with new diseases
“New World” Indians were killed by smallpox and other diseases brought by Europeans
Diseases brought by Europeans to the “New World” wiped out large numbers of animal populations
None of these
What was Triangular Trade?
system of trade where a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another
system of trade where a country brings goods in for sale
system of trade where a country sends goods out for sale
none of these
To which region of the colonies were Africans sent to become slaves?
Dutch America
Spanish America
British North America
Brazil and the Caribbean
What were indentured servants?
person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them
person who performs duties for others - employed in a house on domestic duties or as a personal attendant
person who signs & is bound by indentures to work for someone for specified time especially in return for payment of travel expenses and maintenance
none of these
Who were the Quakers?
group of English Protestants who regarded Reformation of Church of England under Elizabeth as incomplete & sought to simplify & regulate forms of worship
followers of the teachings of Martin Luther
Christian movement founded by George Fox c. 1650 and devoted to peaceful principles
none of these
How did the French and Indian War impact relations between Great Britain and it colonists in America?
Americans demanded greater property rights for colonial women.
Americans called for a change to a representative government instead of remaining a monarchy.
Britain outlawed slavery in the territories won from France.
British raised taxes without colonial consent to pay off the war debt.
What were the Townshend Acts?
act that placed duties on tea, paper, lead, paint, etc.
four punitive measures enacted by the British Parliament in retaliation for acts of colonial defiance
prohibited all shipping and trade between the United States and British- or French-controlled ports
none of these
What is a loyalist?
Those who were on the side of neither the Patriots nor the British forces
Those who believed that democracy was the best form of government
Those who wanted to return to Great Britain
Those who wished to maintain allegiance with the British crown
Who were the Patriots?
They were on the side of neither the Patriots nor the British forces
They wished to maintain allegiance with the British crown
They believed that democracy was the best form of government
Those who wished to declare independence and break from British crown
In what ways did Thomas Jefferson's ideas for government, as president, differ from the Federalists?
he wanted to increase the size of America's military
he wanted to reduce the size of the federal government
he favored an economy based on commerce
none of these
What types of cash crops in the lower south created the need for more slave labor?
rice and indigo
corn and flax
sugar cane and wheat
cotton and tobacco
Who wrote Common Sense and what impact did it have on America colonists?
Thomas Paine wrote it & it denounced King George III as ridiculous & incompatible w/ideals of liberty
Benjamin Franklin wrote it & warned colonists that democracy was dangerous and should be avoided
Thomas Jefferson wrote it & he tried to convince colonists liberty could be achieved without war
none of these
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Henry Clay
James Madison
George Washington
How did the American Revolution end?
British and American diplomats signed the Treaty of Paris in 1783
France joined forces with the Americans after the Battle of Saratoga
Britain declared war on Holland
Cornwallis surrendered to Washington after the Battle of Yorktown
What was the first plan for government in America?
Northwest Ordinance
Bill of RIghts
Articles of Confederation
Constitution of 1787
Why did the Confederation Congress struggle to meet financial obligations?
It had no authority to make laws
It did not have the power to levy taxes
It was dominated by poorly educated representatives
It could not print currency
What were the requirements for the Northwest Territories to apply for statehood?
when their populations reached 60,000 free inhabitants, including women
when their populations reached 50,000 free inhabitants, including women
when their populations reached 10,000 adult males
when their populations reached 5,000 adult males
What was Shays' Rebellion?
uprising led by former militia officer, Daniel Shays prevalent across the entire state of Massachusetts
uprising led by former militia officer, Daniel Shays centered around Boston
uprising led by former militia officer, Daniel Shays, which broke out in western Massachusetts in 1786
none of these
How did Shays' Rebellion effect the Confederation government?
It showed that the judicial branch had overstepped its authority
It revealed the vulnerability of a nation with a weak central government
It demonstrated the failure of republican ideals
It exposed the need for better checks and balances
What are the differences between the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan?
bestowing all states equal power in the legislative branch
how to structure the federal government
expanding public participation in the process of electing a chief executive
none of these
Who was the secretary of treasury & secretary of state in Washington's cabinet?
John Jay and John Adams
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
James Madison and Thomas Jefferson
Edmund Randolph and Alexander Hamilton
What precedents did George Washington set while president?
having a member of the same political party run for vice president on the same ticket
a two-term limit on holding the presidency, creating presidential cabinet, guidelines for social life of president
not visiting a foreign country
avoiding alliances with foreign nations
What did George Washington warn against in his Farewell Address?
remain an isolated nation
avoid permanent foreign alliances
go to war with France
take on a belligerent attitude toward every foreign nation
Who was the person responsible for separating England from the Catholic Church?
Martin Luther
King George III
John Smith
King Henry VIII
What were the essential beliefs of Calvinism?
People were pre-destined for salvation before birth
Religious images were forms of idolatry that had to be purged
The true church was embodied by an “elect"
The damned could find salvation through good works
What were the effects of European exploration on Native Americans?
lack of horses left them at a disadvantage
belief in magic & superstition led to their demise
died from diseases, and brutal treatment
none of these
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Biological encounter between natives of Americas and the first Europeans to the New World
Introduction of Christianity to the natives in the Americas
Implementation of new technological skills for exploration of new lands
Belief that Europeans should treat Indians as savages
What role did disease play in the Columbian Exchange?
New food products discovered in the Americas infected Europeans with new diseases
“New World” Indians were killed by smallpox and other diseases brought by Europeans
Diseases brought by Europeans to the “New World” wiped out large numbers of animal populations
None of these
What was the Black Legend?
Justification for why Europeans resorted to African slavery
Tales of cities w/riches in the unexplored interior of the African continent
The legacy of the Spanish cruelty toward the native peoples of the Americas.
None of these
What was Triangular Trade?
system of trade where a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another
system of trade where a country brings goods in for sale
system of trade where a country sends goods out for sale
none of these
How was slavery different in each of the colonial regions?
Slaves mostly harvested tobacco in the North while working in gang systems
Higher mortality rates for slaves occurred in the Chesapeake because they lacked immunity to malaria
Slavery was vital in the New England area to produce cash crops
African slaves outnumbered the white population in the South as the need for slave labor grew
What was the task system?
less brutal form of slavery-slaves assigned specific task to complete
more brutal slave system-continuous work all day - no breaks
packing as many slaves as possible into quarters to save space
none of these
What was the gang system of slavery?
less brutal form of slavery-slaves assigned a specific task
more brutal slave system-continuous work all day - no breaks
packing as many slaves as possible into slave quarters to save space
none of these
What is tight packing?
Boarding as many Africans onto a slave ship as possible-more slaves packed in means higher profits
Sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies
multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another
none of these
To which region of the colonies were Africans sent to become slaves?
Dutch America
Spanish America
British North America
Brazil and the Caribbean
What were indentured servants?
person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them
person who performs duties for others - employed in a house on domestic duties or as a personal attendant
person who signs & is bound by indentures to work for someone for specified time especially in return for payment of travel expenses and maintenance
none of these
Who were the Quakers?
group of English Protestants who regarded Reformation of Church of England under Elizabeth as incomplete & sought to simplify & regulate forms of worship
followers of the teachings of Martin Luther
Christian movement founded by George Fox c. 1650 and devoted to peaceful principles
none of these
What were the central beliefs of the Quakers?
they were pacifists, believed in equality of the sexes and were the first abolitionists
believed in the "sovereignty of God" - that every human was born with a pre-destined path
they believed in animism-all things in nature have a spirit and must be respected
none of these
How did the French and Indian War impact relations between Great Britain and it colonists in America?
Americans demanded greater property rights for colonial women.
Americans called for a change to a representative government instead of remaining a monarchy.
Britain outlawed slavery in the territories won from France.
British raised taxes without colonial consent to pay off the war debt.
What was non-importation?
prohibition of import of goods against Great Britain by the American colonies in the Revolutionary era
belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism
series of measures, passed by the British Parliament in 1767, that taxed goods imported to the American colonies
none of these
What were the Intolerable Acts?
act regulating stamp duty (a tax on the legal recognition of documents)
series of measures, passed by the British Parliament in 1767 that taxed goods imported to the American colonies
four punitive measures enacted by the British Parliament in retaliation for acts of colonial defiance
none of these
What were the Townshend Acts?
act that placed duties on tea, paper, lead, paint, etc.
four punitive measures enacted by the British Parliament in retaliation for acts of colonial defiance
prohibited all shipping and trade between the United States and British- or French-controlled ports
none of these
What is a loyalist?
Those who were on the side of neither the Patriots nor the British forces
Those who believed that democracy was the best form of government
Those who wanted to return to Great Britain
Those who wished to maintain allegiance with the British crown
Who were the Patriots?
They were on the side of neither the Patriots nor the British forces
They wished to maintain allegiance with the British crown
They believed that democracy was the best form of government
Those who wished to declare independence and break from British crown
In what ways did Thomas Jefferson's ideas for government, as president, differ from the Federalists?
he wanted to increase the size of America's military
he wanted to reduce the size of the federal government
he favored an economy based on commerce
none of these
What types of cash crops in the lower south created the need for more slave labor?
rice and indigo
corn and flax
sugar cane and wheat
cotton and tobacco
What were the Intolerable Acts and why did the British pass them?
laws passed to protect British tea and other imported goods
punitive laws passed to punish Boston colonists for the Boston Tea Party
punitive laws passed to protect tax collectors why had been tarred and feathered by colonists
none of these
Who wrote Common Sense and what impact did it have on America colonists?
Thomas Paine wrote it & it denounced King George III as ridiculous & incompatible w/ideals of liberty
Benjamin Franklin wrote it & warned colonists that democracy was dangerous and should be avoided
Thomas Jefferson wrote it & he tried to convince colonists liberty could be achieved without war
none of these
Why was the Declaration of Independence written for a domestic and foreign audience?
to defend the new nation from attack
to denounce monarchies worldwide
to try to gain support from other nations
to encourage other nations to turn to democracy
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Henry Clay
James Madison
George Washington
Which American Revolutionary War battle is considered the turning point of the war and why?
Bunker Hill - it convinced France that colonists had a chance of winning the war & they decided to send their navy to help
Brooklyn Heights - it convinced France that colonists had a chance of winning the war & they decided to send their navy to help
Saratoga - it convinced France that colonists had a chance of winning the war & they decided to send their navy to help
Princeton - it convinced France that colonists had a chance of winning the war & they decided to send their navy to help
What was the Olive Branch Petition and how did it impact relations between colonists and King George III?
An agreement for great numbers of Loyalists to become Patriots instead
Last attempt at peace w/King George III, - his rejection made colonists realize peace would not be possible
An agreement where British troops were given the authority to arrest Patriots and seize their property
When the Continental Congress declared war on Great Britain
How did the American Revolution end?
British and American diplomats signed the Treaty of Paris in 1783
France joined forces with the Americans after the Battle of Saratoga
Britain declared war on Holland
Cornwallis surrendered to Washington after the Battle of Yorktown
Who were the War Hawks?
a group of young Republicans known as War Hawks who mostly represented the South & West
a group of young Republicans known as War Hawks who mostly represented New England
a group of young Republicans known as War Hawks who mostly represented the mid-Atlantic
a group of young Republicans known as War Hawks who mostly represented the lower South
Why was the Battle of New Orleans significant?
it was a crushing defeat for the British & involved the Spanish in fighting alongside the Americans
it was a crushing defeat for the British & occurred after the Treaty of Ghent with Britain had been signed
it was a crushing defeat for the British & forced the British to make unwanted concessions in negotiating peace
it was a crushing defeat for the British & was catastrophic for the British Navy
What was the first plan for government in America?
Northwest Ordinance
Bill of RIghts
Articles of Confederation
Constitution of 1787
Why did the Confederation Congress struggle to meet financial obligations?
It had no authority to make laws
It did not have the power to levy taxes
It was dominated by poorly educated representatives
It could not print currency
What was the most successful achievement of the Confederation Congress?
resolving economic problems for the farmers in western Massachusetts
plans for the settlement and eventual statehood of the Northwest Territory
creating a plan for the joint administration of western lands with Britain
the development of paper money to fund the government
What were the requirements for the Northwest Territories to apply for statehood?
when their populations reached 60,000 free inhabitants, including women
when their populations reached 50,000 free inhabitants, including women
when their populations reached 10,000 adult males
when their populations reached 5,000 adult males
What was Shays' Rebellion?
uprising led by former militia officer, Daniel Shays prevalent across the entire state of Massachusetts
uprising led by former militia officer, Daniel Shays centered around Boston
uprising led by former militia officer, Daniel Shays, which broke out in western Massachusetts in 1786
none of these
How did Shays' Rebellion effect the Confederation government?
It showed that the judicial branch had overstepped its authority
It revealed the vulnerability of a nation with a weak central government
It demonstrated the failure of republican ideals
It exposed the need for better checks and balances
What is the concept of Federalism?
act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies
central government of the whole country shares some power with smaller, regional governments (like states)
legalized force and power is restricted through delegated and enumerated authorities
none of these
What is checks and balances?
central government of the whole country shares some power with smaller, regional governments (like states)
support for a republican system of government
vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies
system that allows each branch of government to amend or veto acts of another branch to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power
What are the differences between the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan?
bestowing all states equal power in the legislative branch
how to structure the federal government
expanding public participation in the process of electing a chief executive
none of these
What compromise did the Constitutional Convention reach regarding the slave trade?
The slave trade was banned in all states but Virginia
The international slave trade continued, but interstate trade was ban
Only Southern states could conduct the slave trade
Congress did not have the authority to ban the slave trade until 1808
How were slaves considered when counting population for representation purposes in Congress?
Every slave in a state was counted as a whole person when determining legislative apportionment
Slaves were counted as three-fifths of a person for purposes of taxation and apportionment
Slaves were not included in the population count from each state
Slavery was abolished, and the former slaves were included in population counts
In The Federalist, what did James Madison argue about the Bill of Rights?
it was dangerous because it could leave out other rights that were not included on this list
it was dangerous because it did not reflect the goals of the American Revolution
it was dangerous because it would give too much power to the national government
it was dangerous because it was likely to ignore and alienate minority groups in the United States
How is the president chosen for office?
the Senate
the electoral college
the direct vote of the people
the House of Representatives
Who was the secretary of treasury & secretary of state in Washington's cabinet?
John Jay and John Adams
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
James Madison and Thomas Jefferson
Edmund Randolph and Alexander Hamilton
Why did Alexander Hamilton want to base America's economy on Great Britain's?
Britain was the United States’ main trading partner
Britain was a powerful nation with a diverse economy
The American economy was already similar to that of Britain
Americans used British currency
How did Hamilton address debt from the American Revolution in his "Report on Public Credit?"
He required the states to pay off their own accrued debts
He discontinued financial relations with Britain
He had private citizens of all classes fund the debt
He had the federal government fund the national debt and assume states’ debts.
Why did Jefferson believe the creation of a National Bank was unconstitutional?
state banks and not a federal bank had the power to mint money
the Constitution did not specifically give the federal government the power to create bank
banking powers had to be shared between the federal government and the states
banking powers were delegated to Congress, not to the secretary of the treasury
Thomas Jefferson's vision for America's economy was based on what type of industry?
thriving industrial artisans
independent yeoman farmers
fiery revolutionaries
wealthy slave owners
Who did Republicans blame for the Whiskey Rebellion?
Samuel Adams
Benjamin Franklin
Alexander Hamilton
George Washington
How did the Whiskey Rebellion end?
Washington dispatched the militia against the rebels
the rebel leaders were hanged for treason
the conflict was settled peacefully between the rebelling farmers and the federal government
tax collectors gave into the demands of the rebels and stopped collecting the whiskey tax
What precedents did George Washington set while president?
having a member of the same political party run for vice president on the same ticket
a two-term limit on holding the presidency, creating presidential cabinet, guidelines for social life of president
not visiting a foreign country
avoiding alliances with foreign nations
What did George Washington warn against in his Farewell Address?
remain an isolated nation
avoid permanent foreign alliances
go to war with France
take on a belligerent attitude toward every foreign nation
Who did Thomas Jefferson and James Madison believe should make the final decision on the Sedition Act?
The federal courts
Congress
The states
The president
Why as the Election of 1800 significant?
This was the first time that a president served more than two terms in office
This was the first time that the president and vice president ran together on the same ticket.
This was the first time that presidential power was peacefully passed on from one political party to another
This was the first time that the electoral college determined the winner of the presidential election
How can Alexander Hamilton's background be best described?
native of New York
self-made man who lacked aristocratic upbringings
member of the Southern aristocracy
immigrant from Great Britain
The French Revolution, tensions between Republicans & Federalists, uprising in Haiti, & Gabriel's Rebellion in Virginia all promoted ideas based on what?
liberty
isolationism
violence
political partisanship
Who won the election of 1808?
John Quincy Adams
James Madison
Andrew Jackson
James Monroe
What was the Monroe Doctrine?
warned European powers to not invade the United States
warned European powers to stay out of the affairs of the former Spanish colonies in Latin America
warned European powers to stop declaring war against each other
warned European powers to halt its seizures of American ships in neutral waters
What was the economic significance of the cotton gin?
The American economy faltered since most cotton products sent to Britain had high tariffs
New England factory production slowed down since cotton could be converted to textiles in the South
Slavery declined as field workers were replaced with machinery
Cotton production doubled since it became easier to clean cotton
What were the terms of the Missouri Compromise?
outlawed slavery in the states of the former Northwest Territory
admitted Missouri as a slave state but forbade slavery in any future state
allowed slavery south of 36° 30 latitude in the Louisiana Territory but banned slavery in areas north of that line except for Missouri
made the entire Louisiana Purchase slave territory
Who created the Missouri Compromise?
James Monroe
John C. Calhoun
Henry Clay
Thomas Jefferson
What is the "corrupt bargain?"
1824 election ended without any candidate receiving a majority in the electoral college, former candidate Henry Clay threw his support to John Quincy Adams in exchange for an appointment as secretary of state
1824 election ended without any candidate receiving a majority in the electoral college and the House of Representatives chose Henry Clay as president
1824 election ended without any candidate receiving a majority in the electoral college and Jackson would have won the election if property requirements for voting were still in place
1824 election ended without any candidate receiving a majority in the electoral college and William Crawford won the Electoral College despite Jackson’s higher numbers in the popular vote
What were some examples of new techniques used by Jackson supporters during his presidential campaign?
rallies and parades
stump speeches
fundraisers such as banquets and the sale of campaign knickknacks
organization of political clubs
What was the spoils system?
the aggressive use of the military in foreign relations
the granting of strong influence to large land speculators
the practice of expanding white male universal suffrage to non-landowners
the custom of giving government jobs to supporters of the victorious party
What is the Doctrine of Nullification?
the belief that states have the right to void federal laws deemed unconstitutional
the belief that states should secede from the Union if federal power becomes too great
the belief that all legislation should be tested in court before being considered law
the belief that only federal courts have the final word on the constitutionality of legislation
What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
gave Jackson the power to represent the Cherokee in court in Georgia
gave Jackson the power to exchange Indian lands within the states for land west of the Mississippi
gave Jackson the power to remove the rights of Indian tribes to seek legal redress in court
gave Jackson the power to negotiate a treaty with the Cherokee
What were some beliefs of the Anti-Federalists?
supported federal government having more power than individual states
distrusted economic and social elite
believed the influence of average voters should be put in check
none of these
Why is the case of Marbury v. Madison considered one of the Supreme Court's landmark cases?
created a federal judiciary for the first time
ordered Secretary of State James Madison to grant William Marbury’s commission
gave the Supreme Court powers through judicial review that made it equal to the other two branches of government
abolished slavery throughout the United States
What does the term suffrage mean? How did this change from 1800-1830?
suffrage means cruel and oppressive government rule & it expanded due to Jackson's election
suffrage means voting rights & it expanded due to universal white male suffrage
suffrage means denial of validity of an election & this came about because of the election of 1824
none of these
What was the XYZ Affair? How did the Federalists view the French after the event?
XYZ Affair was an attempt by the French to extort a bribe from the U.S. The French were seen as disorganized because of the conflicting ideologies of the French leadership
XYZ Affair was an attempt by the French to extort a bribe from the U.S. The French were viewed as intelligent
XYZ Affair was an attempt by the French to extort a bribe from the U.S. The French were viewed as deceitful and dishonest.
none of these
Why did Thomas Jefferson compare the Missouri Compromise to a "fire bell in the night"?
He feared that slavery threatened the future of the nation
He believed that the issue of slavery in the United States had finally been resolved
He was encompassed by a burning rage toward the pro-slavery movement in America
He thought that Congress placed too much emphasis on slavery when it should address more pending issues
Which of these was NOT part of the Alien & Sedition Acts during the presidency of John Adams?
Restricted speech critical of the federal government
Banned immigration of all French citizen to the United States
Authorized the president to imprison or deport aliens considered dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States
Increased residency requirements for American citizenship from five to fourteen years
How did the annual per capita tax rates differ between Great Britain and it’s American colonies?
British citizens paid less tax money than the colonists in America and Ireland.
Americans paid more than their fair share of taxes to support the British Empire.
Americans were generally wealthier than comparable workers in Britain.
Americans opposed taxation because they were not represented in Parliament.
Why did most Americans continue slavery while also supporting liberty for themselves?
they understood that abolition would ultimately be inevitable
they distrusted the powerful central governments
they believed that only property owners have a stake in government
they believed that government rests on the consent of the governed
From 1800-1830 how did Democracy in America change?
Democracy grew because of suffrage extended to African Americans and Indians
Democracy declined as stricter property-owning requirements were adopted by newer states
remained stagnant because of the requirement to own property
Democracy expanded due to universal white male suffrage
