All of the following are protostomate phyla except one. Select the exception.

The outermost waxy layer of the arthropod exoskeleton is called the

A layer of cells that secretes the arthropod exoskeleton is called the

In the region of a joint, the ______ of the exoskeleton is less hardened and forms an articular membrane. In other parts of the exoskeleton this region is hardened and inflexible.

Biramous appendages are present in, or were present in

The sensory, feeding, and locomotor tagmata of members of the subphylum Chelicerata is the

The second pair of appendages of members of the subphylum Chelicerata is used in sensory perception, feeding, locomotion, or reproduction. These appendages are called

Excretory structures found in many arachnids consist of thin-walled sacs that open to the body surface at pores near the base of posterior appendages. These excretory structures are called

Most arthropods lay eggs that develop outside the body. They are

Ticks and mites are members of the order

Harvestmen or daddy longlegs are members of the order

Of the subphylum Crustacea, ______ has the largest number of species.

Barnacles are members of the class

All of the following are crayfish mouth appendages except one. Select the exception.

Metamorphosis often results in adult and immature stages having different feeding habits and habitats. Metamorphosis, therefore, reduces competition between adult and immature stages and has contributed to the success of the arthropods.

Arthropods that have just undergone ecdysis are secretive and remain hidden because the new exoskeleton has not yet hardened.

Book lungs or book gills are present in members of the subphylum Crustacea.

Scorpions have a period of courtship prior to mating. Mating occurs by copulation and the direct transfer of sperm from the male to the female.

Members of the class Pycnogonida are the sea spiders. Pycnogonids are dioecious. After eggs are fertilized, they are cemented onto ovigers of the male where they are carried until hatching.

The appendages of a crayfish are said to be serially homologous because they have evolved from a common ancestral form. The common ancestral form is the biramous appendage, which consists of a protopodite that attaches to the body wall and gives rise to two distal processes.

In the barnacles, planktonic nauplius larvae attach to the substrate by their first antennae and metamorphose to adults.

Members of the subphylum Chelicerata were preadapted for terrestrial life by the exoskeleton, which was relatively impermeable to water and supportive on land. Members of the class Arachnida were some of the very early terrestrial inhabitants.

Members of the subphylum Trilobitomorpha were a dominant form of life in the ocean during the Cambrian period (600 million years ago) to the Carboniferous period (345 million years ago). Today, a few living species of trilobites inhabit deep water along the eastern coast of North America.

Horseshoe crabs are members of the class Merostomata. Their body form has changed little over the last 200 million years, and they are an excellent example of stabilizing selection.

The segmental arrangement of body parts in an animal is called

The specialization of body regions in a segmented animal is called

Annelids and Arthropods share all of the following characteristics except one. Select the exception.

The annelid class whose members are mostly marine is

A distinctive feature of members of the subclass Hirudinea is

Earthworms belong to the annelid subclass

A distinctive feature of members of the class Polychaeta is

The girdle-like structure that is used for mucus secretion during copulation and cocoon formation is the

A clitellum is present in the members of the subclass(es)

Oligochaetes are

Most polychaetes are

An excretory structure consisting of an open, ciliated funnel and a tubule that opens through the body wall is called a

The main propulsive structure(s) in the circulatory system of an earthworm is (are)

The _______ is a site of amino acid metabolism in an earthworm and is analogous to the vertebrate liver.

No freeliving larval forms occur in the annelid subclass(es)

Flexible support and efficient locomotion are probably the primary adaptive features of metamerism.

The peristomium is the first segment of a polychaete. It surrounds the mouth and bears sensory tentacles or cirri.

During copulation of earthworms there is mutual sperm exchange. Sperm passes from the seminal receptacles of each worm to the seminal vesicles of the partner.

The secondary divisions of a member of the class Hirudinea are called annuli; they are easier to see than the true segments.

The looping form of locomotion of leeches utilizes a single hydrostatic cavity formed as a result of the loss of septa separating coelomic compartments.

A taxonomic reevaluation of the phylum Annelida confirms the designation of three classes: Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, and Hirudinea.

The oligochaetes were the first annelids to be derived from ancestral annelids. The hirudineans and freshwater polychaetes were derived from the oligochaetes, and marine polychaetes were derived from freshwater polychaetes.

Oligochaetes evolved on land during a time when flowering plants were proliferating. This fact is evidenced, in part, by the reliance of modern oligochaetes on deciduous vegetation.

Polychaetes may be predators, herbivores, scavengers, or filter feeders.

The immature stages of polychaetes occur in cocoons deposited on the ocean floor.

Annelids and Arthropods have been traditionally considered to be closely related. Recent reevaluation of these relationships places Annelids in the Lophotrochozoa. If this is true they would be more closely related to the?

Which of the following does not belong in the group?

It is the hormone that is responsible for the development of new cuticle or exoskeleton.

An invertebrate known as the "water bears"?

It is the moulting hormone in C. elegans.

An onychophoran species used in the experiment to locate the halloween gene.

Which of the following is not a Halloween gene?

The genomic data coming from nematodes and priapulids exhibit no Halloween gene.

Nvd gene plays nd important role in the transport and metabolism of cholesterol in protostomes and deuterostomes.

Halloween gene are present in onychophorans and priapulids groups.

Mutations of the Halloween gene in fruit fly C. elegans result in cuticle deformation and ecdysteroid deficiency.

The movable snout equipped with stylets is a common characteristic of ______.

They are commonly called a mud dragon

Which among the ecdysozoans that has a parasitic behavior?

A representative of Nematoda that is free-living.

A type of nematode that deposit its eggs in the rectal area.

Which organ systems are absent in phylum tardigrade?

Tardigrades are among the _________ animals.

Which of these do tardigrades do not have?

Like the crustaceans and amphibians, tardigrades must live in or near a watery environment.

Tardigrades would produce through parthenogenesis.

Tardigrades were discovered by

Tardigrades were discovered in

The only family in order Apochela

In phylum Tardigrade, it has ______ major classes

Which organ systems are absent in phylum tardigrade?

Onychopora believed to exist during the

Scientist believed that Onychophora is considered the missing link between arthropods and annelids

Onychophora was considered the first animal walked on land

Onychophora were mostly nocturnal creatures

There were specially 200 known species worldwide

Metamorphosis often results in adult and immature stages having different feeding habits. metamorphosis , therefore, reduces competition between adult and immature stages and has contributed to the success of the arthropods.

Arthropods that have just undergone ecdysis are secretive and remain hidden because the new exoskeleton has not yet hardened.

Book lungs or book gills are present in members of the subphylum Crustacea

Scorpions have a period of courtship to mating. Mating occurs by copulation and the direct transfer of sperm from male to female.

Members of the class pycnogonida are the sea spiders. Pycnogonids are dioecious. After eggs are fertilized, they are cemented onto ovifers of the male where they are carried until hatching.

The appendages of a crayfish are said to be serially homologous because they have evolved from a common ancestral form. The common ancestral form is the biramous appendage, which consists of a protopodite that attaches to the body wall and gives rise to two distal processes.

In the barnacles, planktonic nauplius larvae attach to the substrate by their first antennae and metamorphose to adults.

Members of the subphylum Chelicerata were pre adapted for terrestrial life by the exoskeleton, which was relatively impermeable to water and supportive on land. Members of the class Arachnida were some of the very early terrestrial inhabitants.

Members of subphylum Trilobitomorpha were a dominant form of life in the ocean during the Cambrian period (600 million years ago) to the Carboniferous period (345 million years ago). Today, a few living species of trilobites inhabitat deep water along the eastern coast of North America.

Horseshoe crabs are members of the class Merostomata. Their body form has changed little over the last 200 million years, and they are an excellent example of stabilizing selection.

Tardigrades are called water bears because ________.

Podia contract by forcing water back into, ______

Which structure at the tip of the podia come into contact with the substrate

Ampulla contract and force fluid into _____

What does the term echinoderm mean?

The terrestrial species of echinoderms is _______

The echinoderm are related to chordates by their similarity in the development of

The characteristics feature of echinodermata is

Taxonomist have divided echinoderms into how many classes

Echinoderms are found from which period

Sea stars believed to share a common evolutionary history with