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Unit 3 Atomic Structure and Radioactivity(Chem)

Total questions: 47

Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Found in the nucleus

a)

Protons

b)

Neutrons

c)

protons and neutrons

d)

electrons and protons

2.

a nitrogen atom that has gained three electrons

a)

N−3N^{-3}   

b)

N+3N^{+3}  

c)

Mg

d)

Phosphorus-28

3.

If 75% of the isotopes of an element have a mass of 35.0 amu, and 25% have a mass of 37.0 amu, what is the average atomic weight?

a)

35.0 amu

b)

35.5 amu

c)

36.0 amu

d)

37.0 amu

4.

All neutral atoms in a given sample of an element contain the same number of

a)

protons and electrons

b)

proton and neutrons

c)

neutrons

d)

electrons

5.

Hydrogen has three isotopes with mass numbers of 1, 2, and 3, and has an average atomic weight of 1.00794 amu. From this you can conclude that

a)

Most H atoms have a mass number of 1

b)

More H atoms have a mass number of 2 than 1 or 3

c)

The three isotopes occur in equal abundances

d)

isotopes only have a mass of 1

6.

Why are most atomic masses on the periodic table decimal numbers?

a)

Only parts of a neutron are present in some atoms

b)

Electrons only have a mass of 0.25 amu

c)

They are a weighted average of naturally occurring isotopes

d)

They are estimates

7.

The average atomic weight of Neon is

a)

22.99

b)

21

c)

90.0

d)

20.18

8.

Element X has two naturally occurring isotopes: X-24 (15%) and X-26 (85%). Why is 25 not a reasonable estimate for the average atomic weight?

a)

X-26 is much more abundant

b)

X-24 is much more abundant

c)

The average must be higher than the heaviest isotope

d)

25 is a reasonable estimate

9.

Which statement correctly describes the charge of the nucleus and electron cloud?

a)

Nucleus is positive, electron cloud is negative

b)

Nucleus is neutral, electron cloud is negative

c)

Nucleus is negative, electron cloud is negative

d)

Nucleus is positive, electron cloud is neutral

10.

An atom is electrically neutral when

a)

there are no protons

b)

there are no electrons

c)

the number of protons and electrons is equal

d)

there are more neutrons than protons

11.

What is the net charge of an ion with 10 electrons, 11 protons, and 12 neutrons?

a)

+1

b)

-1

c)

23

d)

+2

12.

What is the total number of electrons in a Mg+2Mg^{+2}  ion?

a)

12

b)

10

c)

14

d)

2

13.

a Ca+2Ca^{+2}  ion differs from a Ca atom in that the neutral atom

a)

has fewer protons

b)

has 2 fewer electrons

c)

has 2 more electrons

d)

has more neutrons

14.

When a Na atom forms an Na+ ion, the number of protons

a)

increases by 1

b)

stays the same

c)

decreases by 1

d)

become negative

15.

An aluminum atom with 14 neutrons

a)

Al+3Al^{+3}  

b)

Aluminum-10

c)

Aluminum-27

d)

Si

16.

The atomic number of bromine is

a)

35

b)

79.904

c)

80

d)

Can't tell from this picture

17.

An atom with 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 18 electrons....

a)

is an ion: Cl-

b)

has a mass number of 36

c)

has an atomic number of 18

d)

is Ar-36

18.

An atom with 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 18 electrons....

a)

is an ion of Ar-

b)

Has a mass number of 35

c)

is Ar-36

d)

is an ion of Cl+

19.

Which of the following has a different number of ELECTRONS than the other three?

a)

Mg+2Mg^{+2}  

b)

Ne

c)

O−2O^{-2}  

d)

Br-

20.

The number of which particle acts as its "address" on the periodic table?

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

electrons

d)

protons plus neutrons

21.

When an atom gains or loses electrons it becomes

a)

an ion

b)

an isotope

c)

positively charged

d)

a different element

22.

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are

a)

identical

b)

ions

c)

isotopes

d)

different elements

23.

What is the total number of electrons is a Cr+3Cr^{+3}  ion?

a)

18

b)

21

c)

24

d)

27

24.

Isotopes of the same element have the same

a)

mass number

b)

atomic number

c)

number of neutrons

d)

relative abundance

25.

The mass number of this mystery atom is

a)

13

b)

24

c)

11

d)

35

26.

The number of neutrons in this mystery atom is

a)

13

b)

24

c)

11

d)

35

27.

Neutral atoms of carbon-12 and carbon-13 differ in their number of

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

electrons

d)

nuclei

28.

A reasonable estimate for the atomic weight of this element would be

a)

10.7

b)

10

c)

11

d)

10.5

29.

When carbon-14 decays, it

a)

becomes a different element

b)

will be completely gone from the sample in one half-life

c)

becomes an ion

d)

increases in abundance in the sample

30.

Which of the following has a different number of protons than the other three?

a)

O−2O^{-2}  

b)

O−1O^{-1}  

c)

O+2O^{+2}  

d)

N

31.

Carbon dating works because 14C

a)

is not detectable

b)

is extremely stable

c)

decays at a steady and predictable rate

d)

evaporates more in higher temperatures

32.

Oxygen isotopes can be used to determine past climate by measuring the isotope ratios in

a)

plants that lived long ago

b)

precipitation that fell long ago

c)

plants alive today

d)

the atmosphere today

33.

Nuclear fusion produces dangerous radioactive waste.

a)

False; fission does that.

b)

True, that's why we don't use it.

c)

False, no waste or byproducts are produced.

34.

What happened in the nucleus of the carbon atom? (Select all that are true)

a)

The mass decreased

b)

The mass stayed the same

c)

The number of protons increased

d)

The number of neutrons decreased

35.

What happened in the nucleus of the oxygen atom? (Select all that are true)

a)

The mass decreased

b)

The mass stayed the same

c)

The number of protons decreased

d)

The number of neutrons increased

36.

What kind of process is shown to the left?

a)

ionization

b)

fission

c)

fusion

37.

The atomic number of this mystery element is

a)

13

b)

24

c)

11

d)

35

38.

Isotopes can be used to answer questions by measuring

a)

the ratios of the different isotopes in things/places

b)

the amount of radiation they emit

c)

the number of neutrons they have

d)

their charge

39.

Carbon-14 is not found in fossil fuels because

a)

Fossil fuels do not contain any carbon

b)

It was not present on Earth millions of years ago

c)

Plants do not use it for photosynthesis

d)

it is unstable and has all decayed since the organisms died

40.

By looking at an atom's location on the periodic table, you can determine its

a)

number of electrons

b)

atomic number

c)

mass number

d)

charge

41.

Match the following changes in subatomic particles to their effect on the atom.

a)
Different element
1.

Number of protons

b)
Same element, different isotope
2.

Number of neutrons

c)
Same element, different ion
3.

Number of electrons

42.

The half-life of an isotope is

a)

the time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to decay

b)

the number of protons plus neutrons

c)

the difference between the number of protons and electrons

d)

the time it takes of the atom to lose half of its electrons

43.

If you have 500 atoms of the fictional radioactive element atomium-350, how many atoms would you expect to remain after TWO half-lives have passed?

a)

500

b)

250

c)

125

d)

150

44.

How are oxygen-16 and oygen-18 different?

a)

O-18 has two more electrons

b)

O-18 has two more protons

c)

O-18 has two more neutrons

d)

O-18 has two fewer electrons

45.

During radioactive decay, an atom of one element might change into an atom of a different element.

a)

True

b)

False

46.

During nuclear _, large atoms break apart into smaller ones.

a)
fission
b)

fusion

47.

Nuclear power is generated using which process?

a)

ionization

b)

fission

c)

fusion

d)

protonation

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