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WorksheetsIntroduction to RM
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 35mins
Research is...
An observation to an object which is based on questions
An organized and systematic way of finding answers to questions
An implementation of a strategy to see whether it works
A comparison between two events to see the differences between them
What is the first stage of the research process?
Collect and analyze the data
Develop and implement the research plan
Report the findings
Define the research problem
Which of the following is a simple statement of researchers’ intention and a crucial element of a research study?
Research Hypothesis
Research Objective
Research Problem
Operationalization is the process of defining variables into measurable factors.
True
False
Which of the following types of research attempts to clarify why and how there is a relationship between two aspects of a situation or phenomenon?
Exploratory Research
Action Research
Descriptive Research
Diagnostic Research
The study in which the investigators attempt to find out after effect of intervention is known as:
Ex-post Facto Research
Historical Research
Survey Research
Research that uses qualitative methods for one phase and quantitative methods for the next phase is known as:
Action Research
Mixed-Method Research
Rational Research
A mental image that summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas is called a
Hypothesis
Concept
Construct
Variable that can be manipulated or controlled is ___________________
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Cadburys, a manufacturer of chocolates, wants to study the market for their product on the basis of gender. Males have assigned the number 0 and females the number 1 as scales of measurement. What type of scaling method does Cadburys follow?
Interval Measurement
Ratio Measurement
Ordinal Measurement
Nominal Measurement
If the grading of diabetes is classified as mild, moderate and severe the scale of measurement used is
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
Which among the following are the types of Probability Sampling?
Quota Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling
Cluster Sampling
Convenience Sampling
Which of the non-probability sampling technique in which the samples have traits that are rare to find?
Convenience Sampling
Snowball Sampling
Quota Sampling
Below is an example of a rating scale known as _______ scale.
– Very satisfied
– Somewhat satisfied
– Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
– Somewhat dissatisfied
– Very dissatisfied
A. Liket
B. Likert
C. Litkert
It is the process of choosing samples from a population.
Sample
Population
Sampling
Each member of the population has a chance of being selected as a participant of a study.
Non-probability Sampling
Probability Sampling
This refers to a paper and pencil data gathering method wherein the subject or respondent completely answers a series of questions.
interview method
question and answer method
methodology
questionnaire
Why is sampling used when conducting research?
It is consistent and valid
It is reliable and accurate
It is reliable and has integrity
It is representative and cost effective
What is the purpose of research?
To increase understanding
To ensure ethical behaviour
To make use of questionnaires
To formulate a research proposal
Research is
An unorganised approach for resolving problems.
Careful, patient, and systematic study
Mere accumulation of knowledge
Purely for academic purpose.
Which of the following research leads to development of new theories or concepts?
Applied research
Fundamental research
Action research
Experimental research
What is the purpose of writing research paper?
To show off research skills
To gain popularity
To communicate research findings
To get promotions
The ______ refers to a set of systematic techniques used to acquire, modify, and integrate knowledge concerning observable and measurable phenomena.
hypothesis
population
scientific method
operational definition
The quality of research is judged by the
Relevance of research
Methodology adopted in conducting the research
Depth of research
Experience of research
This refers to a particular procedure or set of procedures applied in conducting a research or study.
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Findings, Results and Recommendations
Using someone else's work to help you without their permission is:
Plagiarism
Periodical
Research
Sight
The scientific method refers to a set of systematic techniques used to acquire, modify, and integrate knowledge concerning ______.
observable and measurable phenomena
populations, but not samples
statistics, but not parameters
any phenomena
Based on results reported in published articles, a researcher states that men will be less likely than women to read nutrition labels when making decisions about purchasing foods. What is this statement called?
intuition
hypothesis
research plan
literature review
A research hypothesis must be ______ when subjected to the scientific method.
intuitive
logical
testable
accurate
Using the scientific method, we typically analyze and evaluate data in order to ______.
avoid the need to conduct a study
avoid using statistical techniques
determine whether or not to measure data
determine whether the pattern of data shows support for a research hypothesis
Applied research uses the scientific method to answer questions ______.
about how to purchase apps
about theoretical issues for fundamental processes and underlying mechanisms related to the behaviors and events being studied
concerning practical problems with potential practical solutions within an organization or instituion
that are directly related to the predictions made by theories
Quantitative research uses the scientific method to ______.
record observations as numeric data
make nonnumeric observations, from which conclusions are drawn without the use of statistical analysis
conduct studies that can be completed without the use of statistical analysis
make guesses about scientific phenomena
______ uses the scientific method to make nonnumeric observations, from which conclusions are drawn without the use of statistical analysis.
Quantitative research
Qualitative research
Basic research
Applied research
After identifying your topic, you should ______.
identify a testable hypothesis
collect data
ask friends and family members for their opinions on the topic
read and evaluate past research on the topic
The goal of which type of research design is to describe the variables, not examine relationships among the variables?
descriptive research
correlational research
quasi-experimental research
experimental research
Which type of research design is used to examine a causal relationship and involves manipulating one variable, randomly assigning participants or subjects to different levels of that manipulated variable, and measuring the effect of that manipulation on another variable?
descriptive research
correlational research
quasi-experimental research
experimental research
Which of the following is a variable?
Never married
Married
Divorced
Marital Status
The differences between qualitative and quantitative lie in these aspects below, except:
Measurement used
The aims of research
The presence of human in measurement
Its logic
Experimental research aims at ….
To find out the difference between groups after treatment is given
To find out the relationship between the two variables
To find out the phenomena happen in large population about an object
a. To find out the phenomena happen in small population about an object
Survey aims at ….
To find out the difference between groups after treatment is given
To find out the relationship between the two variables
To find out the phenomena happen in large population about an object
To find out the phenomena happen in small population about an object
Correlation aims at ….
To find out the difference between groups after treatment is given
To find out the relationship between the two variables, whether it is positive or negative
To find out the phenomena happen in large population about an object
To find out the phenomena happen in small population about an object
The problem of research should fulfil the requirements below, except….
It should be not too broad or general
It hasn’t been answered by previous research
It mustn’t need empirical study
It should be in the form of question that needs to be answered
In a quantitative research, there is a hypothesis. The statements below is correct about hypothesis, except….
It is focused statement which predicts an answer to research question
It is based on the findings of previous research and perhaps the previous experience with the subject
It is to test ultimate objective of inductive research
Gives direction and focus to the research in formulating research method
Good research is always_____
Comprehensive
Selective
Systematic
Time-bounded
Science seeks to acquire knowledge and understanding of reality through the formulation, testing, and evaluating of...
Deductive reasoning
Theories
Technology
Scientific method
Scientific inquiry begins with...
A problem to solve or a question to answer
Observation
Laboratory tests
A checklist of procedures
To test a hypothesis, scientists must...
Not reason deductively
Accurately predict the outcome of tests
Ignore test implications of the hypothesis
Derive a test implication from the hypothesis
Something is logically impossible if...
It violates a law of science
It violates a principle of logic
It cannot be tested
It is difficult to understand
Generally eyewitness testimony pertaining to paranormal phenomena is...
Reliable
Scarce
Unreliable
Valid
What skill is a scientist using when she listens to the sounds that whales makes.
making observations
interpreting data
making a hypothesis
drawing conclusions
What is the correct order of the steps in the quantitative research method?
Make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze the results, ask a question, draw conclusions, communicate results
Ask a question, analyze results, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, draw conclusions, communicate results.
Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw conclusions, analyze results, communicate results.
Ask questions, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze results, draw conclusions, communicate results.
Which of the following statements regarding the scientific methods is true?
A hypothesis must be agreed upon by more than one scientist
A theory is a hypothesis that has withstood many scientific tests
A theory is proven to be true, and therefore may not be discarded
A hypothesis cannot predict the outcome of scientific experiments
Understanding or knowing the world through observation of real events is called
tenacity
rationalism
empiricism
intuition
The theory that holds reason as the source of knowledge is
Idealism
Rationalism
Empiricism
None of the above
What is meant by the term ‘authority’?
When we come to believe something because it was told to us by someone we consider to be a source of reliable information
When we come to believe something because it makes us happy
When we come to believe something because we gather objective evidence for it
When we come to believe something because we use reason and logic to formulate a conclusion
Science can be defined as:
any discipline that seeks to understand the truth about nature
any discipline where large amounts of data are collected
none of these definitions work. ‘Science’ is difficult to define
physics, chemistry, and disciplines ending -ology
A series of steps designed to help you solve problems and answer questions
scientific method
observation
hypothesis
experiment
The process of obtaining information by using the senses is called a/an
conclusion
inquiry
observation
scientific method
A scientist is conducting a study to determine how well a new medication treats ear infections. The scientist tells the participants to put 10 drops in their infected ear each day. After two weeks, all participants' ear infections had healed. Which of the following changes to the design of this study would most improve the ability to test if the new medication effectively treats ear infections?
Create a second group of participants with ear infections who use 15 drops a day
Have participants put ear drops in both their infected ear and healthy ear
Create a second group of participants with ear infections who do not use any ear drops
Have participants use ear drops for only one week
The essence of the scientific process is
carefully controlled observations that eliminate investigator bias.
the construction of deductively valid theories
the continuous interplay between theory and data.
the particular methods and techniques that each science uses.
Which of the following sequences best describes the deductive logic of inquiry?
theory → data → hypothesis
data → theory → hypothesis
data → empirical pattern → theory
theory → hypothesis → data
empirical pattern → hypothesis → theory
We review the relevant literature to know
What is already known about the topic
What concepts and theories have been applied to the topic
Who are the key contributors to the topic
All of the given
A hypothesis is a
Law
Canon
postulate
supposition
A survey question about gender, to be answered with either "M" or "F," represents an
categorical variable
unknown variable
dependent variable
continuous variable
Which of the following provides a greater understanding of a concept or crystallizes a business problem, rather than providing quantification or precise measurement?
Causal research
Exploratory research
Descriptive research
Conclusive research
If a response to a survey question asks the respondent to say whether he or she is “under 35 or over 35”, this is an example of a(n):
structured question.
disguised question.
cross-sectional question..
longitudinal question.
If 800 people are mailed a survey and 230 of them return it to the researcher, the survey is said to have a response rate of:
230
800
3.48
28.75 %
In a test marketing study of a new type of instant tea, sales volume (as measured by dollar sales) is most likely to be a(n):
random variable
independent variable.
control variable.
dependent variable.
A company's Human Resources department distributes a survey which asks employees to rate their current benefits as "excellent," "good," "fair," or "poor." This is an example of a(n):
nominal scale
interval scale.
ratio scale.
ordinal scale.
When similar results are obtained over time and across situations, this is a measure of:
validity.
reliability.
predictive accuracy.
biasness.
What type of question is the following:
I’m going to show you a sample magazine advertisement. What does this ad mean to you?
Double-barreled
Fixed-alternative
Open-ended
Leading
A researcher divides the population of product users into three groups based on degree of use. If the researcher then draws a random sample from each user group independently, the researcher has created a ____ sample.
simple random
stratified
judgment
quota
When a researcher selects Tashkent City as a test marketing city for a new brand of laundry detergent because he/she lives in the city, this is an example of a(n):
judgment sample.
convenience sample.
stratified random sample.
systematic sample.
H0: μ = 3.0 is an example of:
the alternative hypothesis.
the critical value of the lower limit.
the null hypothesis.
none of the above.
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