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Cells & Cell Transport Review (BIO100)

Total questions: 84

Worksheet time: 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Cellular Respiration occurs within me and I am in BOTH plant and animal cells. I am a....

a)

Nucleus

b)

Golgi Body

c)

Cytoskeleton

d)

Mitochondria

2.

Match the cell structure with its function.

a)

contains the hereditary information (DNA)

1.

Nucleus

b)

Storage of materials, such as water, nutrients, waste products, and pigments.

2.

Vacuole

c)

Rigid or flexible barrier providing support and structure, outside of a plant cell or bacteria and some protists

3.

Cell wall

d)

the fluid substance and all organelles between the cell membrane and nucleus

4.

Cytoplasm

e)

an arrangement of microtubules involved in cell division

5.

Centrioles

3.

What kind of cell is this?

a)

plant

b)

animal

4.
Bacteria is what kind of cell?
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
5.
The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that
a)
prokaryotic cells are always larger
b)

prokaryotic cells do not have a cell membrane or membrane-bound organelles

c)
eukaryotic cells have a smaller cell nucleus
d)

eukaryotic cells have a more advanced cellular organization including membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus

6.

Match the organelles to their function.

a)

provides support to cell, organizes cell components, involved in transport

1.

cytoskeleton

b)

associated with the production of proteins during protein synthesis

2.

ribosome

c)

involved in some protein synthesis but more so, protein folding

3.

rough endoplasmic reticulum

d)

selectively permeable barrier in animal cells

4.

cell membrane

e)

involved in lipid production

5.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

7.
What structure is in plant cells but not animal cells?
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Vacuole
8.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
9.
Osmosis is a form of ______________. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
c)

Diffusion

d)

Exocytosis

10.

What organelle do many ribosomes connect themselves to?

a)

lysosome

b)

mitochondria

c)

endoplasmic reticulum

d)

golgi apparatus

11.

What is the function of the mitochondria?

a)

to capture energy from the sun and turn it to sugar

b)

to use sugars to release usable energy (ATP) for the cell

c)

to store energy for when the cell needs it

d)

to remove waste from the cell

12.

What is the name of the "packages" the golgi body creates?

a)

Vacuoles

b)

Lysosomes

c)

Vesicles

d)

Ribosomes

13.

Which of the following is not part of the nucleus?

a)

Chromatin

b)

Centrioles

c)

Nuclear Envelope

d)

Nuclear Pores

e)

Nucleolus

14.

What type of cell is this?

a)

Plant

b)

Animal

c)

Prokaryote

15.

Cilia are found in Prokaryotes and animal cells and are __________ which are used for locomotion.

a)

long whip-like tails

b)

trianlge shaped tails

c)

numerous short hair-like projections that move back and forth

d)

gills

16.

Nucleolus is found inside the nucleus, of Eukaryotes only, and makes _____.

a)

ribosomes

b)

cilia

c)

flagella

d)

prokaryotes

17.

Lysosomes are found in Eukaryotes only. They ____.

a)

Carries out chemical reactions and transports materials

b)

Excretes stuff in and out using transport membranes called vesicles

c)

Sorts, packages, and modifies proteins to be sent in or out of the cell

d)

Contain enzymes which digest waste materials

18.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
19.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
20.
Passive transport requires no
a)
concentration gradients
b)
osmosis
c)
motion
d)
energy
21.
What is diffusion?
a)
when molecules move 
b)
when molecules move from a high concentration to a low.
c)
no movement 
d)
molecules move everywhere
22.
Large particles enter the cell by which process...
a)
exocytosis
b)
endocytosis
c)
exoskeleton
d)
osmosis
23.
Ideally, your cells should be in a(n) _______ solution
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
d)
Cola
24.
An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will
a)
Shrink
b)
Swell
c)
Stay the same
25.
Which is true about active transport?
a)
It requires energy
b)
it does not require energy
c)
It moves substances down the concentration gradient
d)
it moves material from high to low concentration
26.

In passive transport, .............

a)

energy is required

b)

energy is not required

27.

ATP is required for which of the following?

a)

Facilitated Diffusion

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Osmosis

d)

Simple Diffusion

28.

Which answer best describes what the cell membrane is made of?

a)

Phospholipids with proteins scattered throughout

b)

Protein bilayer with phospholipid tails

c)

Triglycerides with polyunsaturted fatty acid tails

d)

Phospholipids with carbohydrates embedded

29.

Label B

a)

cell membrane

b)

ribosome

c)

lysosome

d)

mitochondria

30.
What is the structure labeled #4?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Cell wall
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cell membrane
31.
What am I?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
chloroplast
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
32.

Structures that transport and ship proteins like UPS,

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Lysosomes

c)

Organelles

d)

Golgi Bodies

33.
What is the structure labeled #7?
a)
Rough ER
b)
Smooth ER
c)
Golgi body
d)
Flagella
34.

Which type of passive transport uses transport proteins to transport items such as glucose through the membrane?

a)

Facilitated diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Diffusion

35.

Students are observing particles moving against the concentration gradient in a lab investigation. Which type of transport are they observing?

a)

osmosis

b)

active Transport

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

diffusion

36.

Students are observing particles moving with (or down) the concentration gradient in a lab investigation. Which type of transport are they observing?

a)

using pumps to move things quickly

b)

passive transport

c)

osmosis

d)

endocytosis

37.

The cell membrane needs to use energy to move molecules quickly out of the cell through a pump. What type of transport is this?

a)

Passive transport

b)

Active transport

38.

This picture is a representation of what type of transport?

a)

Osmosis because it is diffusing through a protein from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

b)

Facilitated diffusion because it is diffusing through a protein from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

c)

Facilitated diffusion because it is diffusing through a protein from an area of low concentration to high concentration.

d)

Simple diffusion because it is diffusing through a protein from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

39.

This picture describes the movement of molecules across the cell membrane. Choose 2 answers that correctly describes the movement of the molecules.

a)

Molecules are moving up the concentration gradient.

b)

Molecules are moving from an area of low concentration to area of high concentration .

c)

Molecules are moving down the concentration gradient.

d)

Molecules are moving from an area of high concentration to area of low concentration.

40.

When a cell engulfs liquid and brings it in by budding off a vesicle that is called...

a)

Phagocytosis

b)

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Pinocytosis

41.

Why is the plasma membrane also called the phospholipid bilayer?

a)

Because it is composed of phospholipids in 1 layer.

b)

Because it is composed of phospholipids in 2 layers.

c)

Because it is composed of phospholipids in 3 layers.

d)

Because it is composed of phospholipids in 4 layers.

42.

What is an isotonic solution?

a)

A solution that contains MORE solutes than the cell, causing the water to rush OUT of the cell.

b)

A solution that contains LESS solutes than the cell, causing the water to rush IN of the cell.

c)

A solution that contains the SAME amount of solutes as the cell, causing NO NET MOVEMENT of water.

d)

A solution that is already in equilibrium.

43.

What is a hypertonic solution?

a)

A solution that contains MORE solutes than the cell, causing the water to rush OUT of the cell.

b)

A solution that contains LESS solutes than the cell, causing the water to rush IN of the cell.

c)

A solution that contains the SAME amount of solutes as the cell, causing NO MOVEMENT of water.

d)

A solution that is already in equilibrium.

44.

The first "safe" antibiotic discovered for wide use....

a)

Colistin

b)

Carbapenems (beta lactams)

c)

penicillin

d)

antibody A

45.

Select the disease which can be treated with antibiotics.

a)

Cold

b)

most viral infections

c)

COVID 19

d)

Bacterial infections

46.

Select the correct definition for antibiotics.

a)

Chemicals which destroy bacteria.

b)

Chemicals which destroy fungi.

c)

Chemicals which destroy viruses.

d)

Chemicals which destroy parasites.

47.

Penicillin harms bacteria by interfering with the synthesis of peptidoglycan which weakens the bacterial ..

a)

DNA

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Cell wall

48.

Select the example of something which does not cause antibiotic resistance.

a)

Not finishing a course of antibiotics.

b)

Giving antibiotics to live stock (animals we eat).

c)

Using antibiotics when we don't need them.

d)

Finishing a course of antibiotics.

49.

What is the name of the scientist who discovered penicillin?

a)

Hooke

b)

Preistly

c)

Flemming

d)

Penning

50.

Bacteria that have an extra layer of lipid over the peptidoglycan in cell wall and stain pink

a)

Gram positive bacteria

b)

Gram negative bacteria

51.

Which is not a part of the cytoskeleton?

a)

microfilaments

b)

microtubules

c)

intermediate filaments

d)

all are part of the cytoskeleton

52.

Which of the following can be ways that bacteria have evolved in order to evade the effects of antibiotics

a)

some can pump the antibiotics back out using efflux pumps

b)

some can modify the antibiotic so it can't work on the bacterial target proteins

c)

some produce enzymes that inactivate the antibiotics

d)

all of these

53.

Antibiotics, like streptomycin, work on gram-negative bacteria by targeting ribosomes to interfere with

a)

cell membrane repair

b)

protein synthesis

c)

carbohydrate production

d)

peptidoglycan synthesis

54.

White blood cells engulf bacteria using _______________.

a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

osmosis

d)

receptor-mediated exocytosis

55.

Which of the following factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?

a)

a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids

b)

a greater proportion of saturated phospholipids

c)

a lower temperature

d)

a relatively high protein content in the membrane

56.

Identify cholesterol molecule

a)

structure a

b)

structure b

c)

structure h

d)

structure i

57.

Which is NOT a function of the membrane?

a)

it forms a selective barrier

b)

it has receptors for chemical messages

c)

it is the control center of the cell

d)

it is involved in self recognition

58.

What kinds of molecules pass through a cell membrane most easily?

a)

ionic

b)

small neutral and hydrophobic

c)

large polar

d)

large and hydrophobic

59.
A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water-equal to the volume of blood lost-is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?
a)
The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypertonic compared to the cells.
b)
The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
c)
It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of viruses and bacteria.
d)
The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
60.
Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?
a)
CO2
b)
an amino acid
c)
starch
d)
glucose
61.

Hydrophobic

a)

A

b)

B

c)

E

d)

F

62.

How does the carrier protein help the diffusion process?

a)

By creating a barrier in the membrane

b)

By preventing the movement of molecules

c)

By changing shape and moving the molecules

d)

By releasing the molecules into the cell

63.

Hydrophilic

a)

G

b)

I

c)

E

d)

F

64.

Which form of active transport is being shown?

a)

Facilitated Diffusion

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Proton pump

65.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose. 



Which way would you expect water to move?

a)

Into the cell

b)

Out of the cell

c)

Equally in and out of the cell

66.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose. 



Would you expect the cell to shrink, swell or stay the same?

a)

Shrink

b)

Swell

c)

Stay the same

67.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose. 



Would the solution be a hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic solution?

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Isotonic

68.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose.


Which way would you expect water to move?

a)

Into the cell

b)

Out of the cell

c)

Equally into and out of the cell

69.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose.


Would you expect the cell to shrink, swell, or stay the same?

a)

Shrink

b)

Swell

c)

Stay the same

70.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose.


Would the solution be considered hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic?

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

71.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose.



Which way would you expect water to move?

a)

Into the cell

b)

Out of the cell

c)

Equally in and out of the cell

72.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose.



Would you expect the cell to shrink, swell or stay the same?

a)

Shrink

b)

Swell

c)

Stay the same

73.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose.



Would the solution be a hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic solution?

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Isotonic

74.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose.



Which way would you expect water to move?

a)

Into the cell

b)

Out of the cell

c)

Equally in and out of the cell

75.

A cell is placed in a solution as shown in the picture. The membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to sucrose.



Would you expect the cell to shrink, swell or stay the same?

a)

Shrink

b)

Swell

c)

Stay the same

76.
Name the three cell shapes of prokaryotes
a)
rod, circle spiral
b)
cocci, bacilli, spirilli
c)
crystal, tube, spaghetti
77.
?
a)
coccus
b)
bacillus
c)
spirilla
d)
none of these
78.

What kind of bacteria is this?

a)

Gram positive

b)

Gram negative

79.

Antibiotics work to treat infections caused by bacteria and viruses.

a)

True

b)

False

80.

What is antibiotic resistance?

a)
The ability for humans to resist antibiotics.
b)
The ability for humans to repel bacteria. 
c)

The ability for bacteria to survive the effects of antibiotics.

d)
The ability for bacteria to become weak from antibiotics.
81.

Bacteria develop antibiotic resistance through ______________.

a)

mutations & artificial selection

b)

mutations & natural selection

c)

mitosis &

meiosis

d)

apples and bananas

82.

Which is the following is NOT a mechanism of antibiotic resistance?

a)

Antibiotic degrading enzyme breaks down antibiotic

b)

An efflux pump - pumps out the antibiotic

c)

The cell membrane lyses releasing contents of the cytoplasm

d)

Antibiotic altering enzyme alters the antibiotic

83.
How has antibiotic resistance changed over time?
a)

It hasn't changed at all.

b)

Bacteria are becoming less resistant to the antibiotics that are being prescribed.

c)

Humans are buying less antibiotics, and antibiotics are becoming more effective.

d)

Bacteria are becoming more resistant to the antibiotics that are being prescribed.

84.

Why is it important to finish ALL of an antibiotic, even if you feel better?

a)

If all of the infectious bacteria are not killed, the bacteria may continue to multiply. Some of these bacteria may have a mutation that makes them resistant to the antibiotic. This could cause resistant bacteria to spread.

b)

If all of the antibiotic is not used, the surviving bacteria may learn how to fight off the antibiotic, causing the sickness to get even worse.

c)

If all of the antibiotic is not used, the bacteria may begin ingesting your skin cells, causing a new sickness to arise.

d)

If all of the antibiotic is not used, the surviving bacteria may cooperate with other infectious bacteria, resulting in two separate infections at the same time.

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