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Chapter 11 Evolution

Total questions: 64

Worksheet time: 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A change in the allele frequencies in a population's gene pool over time is known as

a)

natural selection

b)

adaptations

c)

evolution

d)

lamarckianism

2.

Who came up with the idea of inheritance of acquired chracteristics

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

Jean Baptiste Lamarck

c)

Alfred Russel Wallace

d)

Gregor Mendel

3.

Who came up with the theory of natural selection

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

Jean Baptiste Lamarck

c)

Alfred Russel Wallace

d)

Gregor Mendel

4.

Which of the following is used to describe how subsequent generations differ from prevous generations?

a)

inheritance of acquired characteristics

b)

descent with modification

c)

natural selection

d)

adaptation

5.

Which of the following is used to describe differential reproductive success based on inherited characteristics?

a)

inheritance of acquired characteristics

b)

descent with modification

c)

natural selection

d)

adaptation

6.

Which of the following is used to describe how an organisms changes throughout their lifetime to adapt to their environment and these changes are passed on to their offspring?

a)

inheritance of acquired characteristics

b)

descent with modification

c)

natural selection

d)

adaptation

7.

Who came up with the idea that changes in the earth's crust during geological history have resulted from the action of continuous and uniform processes.

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

Jean Baptiste Lamarck

c)

Alfred Russel Wallace

d)

Charles Lyell

8.

Darwin was aboard which of the following ships when taking notes for his theory of natural selection?

a)

USS Arizona

b)

H.M.S. Beagle

c)

Mayflower

d)

Santa Maria

9.

What famous islands did Darwin travel to and observe organisms?

a)

Hawaiian Islands

b)

Galapagos Islands

c)

Isla Nublar

d)

Azkaban

10.

Which of the following is the process where organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring?

a)

inheritance of acquired characteristics

b)

descent with modification

c)

natural selection

d)

adaptation

11.

Natural selection is based on which of the following principles

a)

characteristics of organisms are inherited

b)

more offspring are produced than are able to survive

c)

offspring have varying characteristics

d)

acquired traits are passed on to successive generations

e)

survival of the weakest

12.

Survival of the fittest goes with the evolutionary theory of natural selection because it states that organisms best adjusted to their environment are the most successful in surviving and reproducing.

a)

true

b)

false

13.

What organism did Darwin study?

a)

Finches

b)

Tortoise

c)

Iguana

d)

Butterflies

14.

In Darwin's book, On the Origin of Species, he made observations of what he saw. Which of the following is NOT a finding of Darwin's?

a)

He noticed that the finches had beaks varying in size/shape that differed from the mainland

b)

each species of finches consumed a specific food source based on their beak

c)

the predominant beak shape/size changes each year based on the food supply

d)

the finches better adapted to their environment survived and passed on their traits

e)

the finches that had deleterious mutations survived better and produced more offspring

15.

Natural selection ONLY takes place if there are variations in the population. Variation exists in a population because of which of the following?

a)

genes

b)

mutations

c)

asexual reproduction

d)

sexual reproduction

16.

________ are the ultimate source of new alleles in any population.

a)

sexual selection

b)

chromosomes

c)

mutations

d)

natural selection

17.

________ a heritable trait that aids in the survival and reproduction of an organism

a)

sexual selection

b)

adaptation

c)

mutations

d)

natural selection

18.

If an organism has an adaptation it will always be an advatage for that organism even if its environment changes.

a)

true

b)

false

19.

The theory of evolution by natural selection says that every species tends to produce more individuals that can survive to maturity is known as

a)

selection

b)

overproduction

c)

adaptation

d)

variation

20.

The theory of evolution by natural selection says that some individuals survive longer and reproduce more than others do is known as

a)

selection

b)

overproduction

c)

adaptation

d)

variation

21.

The theory of evolution by natural selection says that traits of individuals that survive and reproduce will become more common in the population is known as

a)

selection

b)

overproduction

c)

adaptation

d)

variation

22.

The theory of evolution by natural selection says that the individuals of a population have many characteristics that differ is known as

a)

selection

b)

overproduction

c)

adaptation

d)

variation

23.

The predominant way of thinking before ideas of natural selection and genetics were discovered is known as

a)

modern synthesis

b)

speciation

c)

blending inheritance

d)

adaptation

24.

After the ideas of natural selection and genetics were discovered and connected to explain how evolutionary pressures can affect the gentic makeup of a population it is known as

a)

modern synthesis

b)

speciation

c)

blending inheritance

d)

adaptation

25.

When new and distinct species are formed through the course of evolution it is known as

a)

modern synthesis

b)

speciation

c)

blending inheritance

d)

adaptation

26.

Which type of evolution studies gradual changes in a population over generations?

a)

micro

b)

macro

27.

Which type of evolution studies processes that give rise to speciation events and taxonomic groups with divergent characteristics?

a)

micro

b)

macro

28.

Population genetics is a field of biology that studies changes and relationships in the alleles in a population.

a)

true

b)

false

29.

______________ uses frequencies of alleles in a population's gene pool to determine if evolution is occurring.

a)

natural selection

b)

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

c)

population genetics

d)

bottleneck effect

30.

A population that is not experiencing the mechanisms of evolution and has stable allele frequencies over time _____ in equilibrium.

a)

is

b)

is not

31.

A population that is experiencing the mechanisms of evolution and changes in allele frequencies over time _____ in equilibrium.

a)

is

b)

is not

32.

Which of the following are mechanisms of evolution?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

genetic drift

d)

gene flow

e)

sexual selection

33.

This is which type of mechanism of evolution?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

genetic drift

d)

gene flow

e)

sexual selection

34.

Changes to the gene sequence are which type of mechanism of evolution?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

genetic drift

d)

gene flow

e)

sexual selection

35.

If a mutation is bad it is called

a)

deleterious

b)

advantageous

c)

neutral

36.

If a mutation is good it is called

a)

deleterious

b)

advantageous

c)

neutral

37.

If a mutation has no effect it is called

a)

deleterious

b)

advantageous

c)

neutral

38.

Which mechanism of evolution occurs due to random/chance events that affect the allele frequency of a population?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

genetic drift

d)

gene flow

e)

sexual selection

39.

Large populations are more susceptible to genetic drift

a)

true

b)

false

40.

This is a type of genetic drift where a chance event (hurricane) reduces the population and therefore the genetic variability

a)

gene flow

b)

sexual selection

c)

bottleneck effect

d)

founder effect

41.

This is a type of genetic drift where there is a loss of genetic variation in a new colony that is formed from a very small number of individuals

a)

gene flow

b)

sexual selection

c)

bottleneck effect

d)

founder effect

42.

Which mechanism of evolution occurs when an individual leaves one population and joins another changing the allele frquencies in the gene pool of both populations

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

genetic drift

d)

gene flow

e)

sexual selection

43.

Which mechanism of evolution occurs becuase of male-male competition or female selection and is the ability of an individual to attract mates and reproduce?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

genetic drift

d)

gene flow

e)

sexual selection

44.

Which type of speciation happens becuase of geographic separtion or barrier that arises?

a)

allopatric

b)

sympatric

45.

Which type of speciation happens amoung species of an original population in the same geographic location?

a)

allopatric

b)

sympatric

46.

What term describes when multiple species with their own unique characteristics evolve from one original species?

a)

adaptations

b)

gene flow

c)

adaptive radiation

d)

sexual selection

47.

Which of the following can be used as evidence for evolution?

a)

fossils

b)

anatomy/embryology

c)

biogeography

d)

molecular biology

e)

all of these can be used

48.

___________ a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, etc. from a common ancestor.

a)

venn diagram

b)

phylogenetic tree

c)

T chart

d)

family trees

49.

Which pattern of evolution takes place when two species share a common ancestor and evolve in different directions?

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

speciation

d)

evolution

50.

Which pattern of evolution occurs when similar structures arise in distantly related species independently?

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

speciation

d)

evolution

51.

___________ structures have a similar function but a different structure.

a)

analogous

b)

homologous

c)

vesitgial

d)

embryological

52.

___________ structures have a similar structure but a different function.

a)

analogous

b)

homologous

c)

vesitgial

d)

embryological

53.

___________ structures are seen in species byt they no longer have a purpose.

a)

analogous

b)

homologous

c)

vesitgial

d)

embryological

54.

Comparative genetics is the branch of biology that compares and contrasts embryonic development of different species.

a)

true

b)

false

55.

Which of the following are examples of how embryology can be used to support evolution?

a)

all vertebrates have gill slits

b)

all chordates have a tail structure

c)

wisdom teeth

d)

pelvis and hindlimb in whales

56.

Which of the following can be used as evidence for evolution when analyzing petrified remains/impressions of prehistoric organisms

a)

fossils

b)

anatomy/embryology

c)

biogeography

d)

molecular biology

e)

all of these can be used

57.

Which of the following can be used as evidence for evolution when observing the geographic distribution of organisms in relation to the movement of tectonic plates over time?

a)

fossils

b)

anatomy/embryology

c)

biogeography

d)

molecular biology

e)

all of these can be used

58.

Which of the following can be used as evidence for evolution when comparing the genetic code among organisms?

a)

fossils

b)

anatomy/embryology

c)

biogeography

d)

molecular biology

e)

all of these can be used

59.

Evolution is just a theory so it does not have much support in the scientific community.

a)

true

b)

false

60.

When studying evolution, individuals evolve causing changes at the population level.

a)

true

b)

false

61.

Evolution does not try to explain the origin of life

a)

true

b)

false

62.

One misconception about evolution is that organisms evolve on purpose.

a)

true

b)

false

63.

Evolution is taught because it is testable. No other idea about diversification of organisms explains what is openly observable on Earth with testable and falsifiable results.

a)

true

b)

false

64.

The Wallace's continued Darwin's work studying the Galapagos finches and found that the predominant beak size/shape varied year after year depending on the food source available.

a)

true

b)

false