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Midterm Review

Total questions: 140

Worksheet time: 1hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is Geology?

a)

The study of geography.

b)

The study of rocks.

c)

The study of weather.

d)

The study of the solid Earth.

2.

What is Astronomy?

a)

The study of astrological signs.

b)

The study of Earth.

c)

It's space science.

d)

The study of all physical things beyond Earth.

3.

What is oceanography?

a)

The study of dolphins.

b)

The study of the ocean.

c)

The study of jellyfish.

d)

The study of waves.

4.

What is Meteorology?

a)

The study of Meteors.

b)

The study of the entire atmosphere.

c)

The study of rocks.

d)

The study of organisms.

5.

What is a paleontologist?

a)

The study of skin.

b)

The study of pale people.

c)

The study of organisms.

d)

The study of fossils.

6.

What is the term given to the study of Earth's oceans and the movement of water?

a)

Environmental Science

b)

Astronomy

c)

Geology

d)

Oceanography

7.
What sphere does the picture represent?
a)
Geosphere
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Exosphere
d)
Hydrosphere
8.

What are the 4 main spheres of Earth?

a)

Hemisphere, Lithosphere, Troposphere, and Ionosphere

b)

Exosphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere,and Ozonosphere

c)

Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere, and Geosphere

d)

Thermosphere, Atmosphere, Hemisphere, and Ionosphere

9.

What is an independent variable?

a)

What a scientist changes in an experiment to test their hypothesis

b)

What scientist measure to see if it responded to a change

c)

What happens when you do an experiment

d)

What you keep the same throughout all experimental groups

10.

What is an dependent variable?

a)

What a scientist changes in an experiment to test their hypothesis

b)

What scientist measure to see if it responded to a change

c)

What happens when you do an experiment

d)

What you keep the same throughout all experimental groups

11.
A testable explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested. 
a)
data
b)
theory
c)
hypothesis
d)
fact
12.
Testing a hypothesis often involves a(n):
a)
answer
b)
experiment
c)
problem
d)
safety check
13.

What is the first step in the scientific method?

a)

Data

b)

Conclusion

c)

No Horse Play

d)

Observe a problem

14.
The summary at the end of an experiment that explains the results. 
a)
conclusion
b)
procedures
c)
materials
d)
responding variable
15.

(a)   is a measure of how close measurements come to each other when they are made in the same way.

16.

How close a measurement is to the accepted value is called (a)   .

17.
This bullseye demonstrates...
a)
High Accuracy & High Precision
b)
High Accuracy & Low Precision
c)
Low Accuracy & High Precision
d)
Low Accuracy & Low Precision
18.

Describe the accuracy and precision of the image

a)

Very accurate and somewhat precise

b)

Very accurate but not precise at all

c)

Not accurate at all but very precise

d)

not accurate and not very precise

19.

A set of data are all close in value to each other, but they are not close to the actual value. This set of data can be described as _________________.

a)

precise

b)

accurate

20.

A ________ _________ involves a research report being independently reviewed by other scientists who have expertise in a similar field to assess whether it should be published in a journal.

(a)  

21.

Earth's true shape is a

a)

Sphere

b)

Square

c)

Oblate Spheroid

22.

How can we describe an oblate spheroid?

a)

Equatorial Diameter is shorter than the Polar Diameter

b)

Polar Diameter is shorter than the Equatorial Diameter

c)

Polar and Equatorial Diameter are equal

23.
What is the name of the line at 0 degrees longitude?
a)
Equator
b)
Prime Meridian
c)
International Date Line
d)
Arctic Circle
24.
Latitude lines go from east to west.
a)
True
b)
False
25.

Which layer is composed of rock and soil? 

a)

Outer Core

b)

Mantle

c)

Inner Core

d)

Crust

26.

Which layer is composed of very HOT, SOLID rock that flows like plastic?

a)

Inner Core

b)

Outer Core

c)

Mantle

d)

Oceanic Crust

27.

This is the only liquid layer.

a)

Crust

b)

Inner Core

c)

Outer Core

d)

Mantle

28.

Which is the thickest layer? 

a)

Mantle

b)

Outer Core

c)

Inner Core

d)

Crust

29.
Earth's thin outer shell.
a)
crust
b)
core
c)
mantle
d)
mesosphere
30.
The compositional layer beneath the crust.
a)
mantle
b)
crust
c)
asthenosphere
d)
lithosphere
31.
The Earth's center layer.
a)
core
b)
mantle
c)
crust
d)
lithosphere
32.
The outermost physical layer of Earth. It is solid and rigid.
a)
lithosphere
b)
asthenosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
crust
33.
The solid, thin layer of mantle in which rock slowly flows due to higher temperature and pressure.
a)
asthenosphere
b)
lithosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
crust
34.
The portion of Earth's core that is liquid, due to very high temperatures
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
asthenosphere
d)
mesosphere
35.
The portion of Earth's core that is solid due to extreme pressure.
a)
inner core
b)
outer core
c)
asthenosphere
d)
mesosphere
36.

What is the geosphere?

a)

all the air and gases on the planet

b)

all the frozen water on the Earth

c)

the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

d)

the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

37.

What is the biosphere?

a)

all the air and gases on the planet

b)

made up of living things

c)

the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

d)

the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

38.

What is the hydrosphere?

a)

all the air and gases on the planet

b)

made up of living things

c)

the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

d)

the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

39.

What is the atmosphere?

a)

all the air and gases on the planet

b)

made up of living things

c)

the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

d)

the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

40.

When lake water evaporates, the interaction is between the __________ and the _____________.

a)

atmosphere and hydrosphere

b)

biosphere and geosphere

c)

hydrosphere and geosphere

d)

atmosphere and biosphere

41.

When an animal or human breathes air, the interaction is between the __________ and the _____________.

a)

atmosphere and hydrosphere

b)

biosphere and geosphere

c)

hydrosphere and biosphere

d)

atmosphere and biosphere

42.

The layer of gases that surrounds the Earth is the...

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Geosphere

43.

In the atmosphere, you can find...

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

All, the three of them

44.
It is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Biotic System
c)
Abiotic System
d)
None of the choices
45.
Why are plants called producers?
a)
They make carbon dioxide
b)
They decompose
c)
They make their own food
d)
They are omnivores
46.
Living things that eat other living things are called...
a)
Consumers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Omnivores
d)
Animals
47.

A consumer is a living thing that cannot make its own food.

a)

True

b)

False

48.
A decomposer?
a)
Eats dead plants or animals and breaks down to put nutrients in the soil
b)
Eats plants or other animals for food
c)
Makes its own food
d)
Machine that gathers trash
49.
Latitude and longitude are measured in what?
a)
Inches
b)
Kilometers
c)
Degrees
d)
Gallons
50.
Is latitude measured in degrees north and south OR degrees east and west?
a)
North and South
b)
East and West
51.
Is longitude measured in degrees north and south OR degrees east and west?
a)
North and South
b)
East and West
52.
Which runs horizontally around the earth?
a)
Equator and lines of latitude
b)
Prime Meridian and lines of latitude
c)
Equator and lines of longitude
d)
Prime Meridian and lines of longitude
53.
Which runs vertically around the earth?
a)
Equator and lines of latitude
b)
Prime Meridian and lines of latitude
c)
Equator and lines of longitude
d)
Prime Meridian and lines of longitude
54.

A geographer who makes maps:

a)

Cartographer

b)

Distortion

c)

Projection

55.
The change in shape, size, or location of a place when shown on a map.
a)
Map Projection
b)
Distortion
56.

What type of map?

a)

Azimuthal

b)

Conical

c)

Cylindrical

d)

Topographic

57.

Which type of map uses a flat plane instead of a cylinder?

a)

Azimuthal

b)

Relief

c)

Conic

d)

Cylindrical

58.

Which type of map shows detailed land features, including elevation?

a)

Mental map

b)

Thematic map

c)

Political map

d)

Topographic map

59.

What shows the meaning of symbols on a map?

a)

Compass rose

b)

Contour lines

c)

Legend

d)

Scale

60.

What shows the orientation of a map?

a)

Compass rose

b)

Contour lines

c)

Legend

d)

Scale

61.

Cylindrical projections are most distorted near

a)

the point of contact (equator)

b)

the poles

c)

Everywhere (it is not accurate)

62.

Azimuthal projections are accurate

a)

near the poles

b)

near the equator

c)

close to the point of contact

63.
a)

Conic map projection

b)

Cylindrical map Projection

c)

Flat-plane map projection

64.

What is the arrow pointing to?

a)

A compass rose

b)

A map scale.

c)

A ruler.

65.

What are Contour Lines?

a)

They are lines used to represent the distance between two points.

b)

They are lines used to show you how big something is.

c)

They are lines used to represent hills, slopes and mountains on a map.

d)

They are lines used to show the fastest route.

66.

Define what is meant by Contour Lines

a)

Lines on a maps

b)

Lines on maps that connect places with the same altitude or height above sea level.

c)

Lines known as the contour intervals

67.
What do close contour lines represent on a map?
a)
waterfall
b)
steep area
c)
gradual area
d)
river
68.
The way that you know that an area is very steep on a map.
a)
the contour lines are very close together
b)
the contour lines are spaced far apart
c)
the contour lines run north to south
d)
the contour lines run south to north
69.

The smallest particles of matter are called

a)

neutrons

b)

atoms

c)

electrons

d)

protons

70.

What does the atomic number represent?

a)

how many atoms are in a group.

b)

how much an atom weighs.

c)

the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.

71.

Which particles are contained in the nucleus of an atom?

a)

neutrons and electrons

b)

protons and neutons

c)

protons, neutron, and electrons

72.

which subatomic particles have no charge (they are neutral)?

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

electrons

73.

What is a subatomic particle with a positive charge?

a)

Proton

b)

Neutron

c)

Electron

74.

smallest part of an element that has all of the properties of that element.

a)

nucleus

b)

atom

c)

mineral

d)

gem

75.

Which subatomic particles are much smaller than the others and have a negative charge?

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

electrons

76.

What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

a)

covalent bond

b)

ionic bond

c)

metallic bond

d)

transfer bond

77.
Gain or lose electrons
a)
Ionic Bonds
b)
Covalent Bonds
c)
Both bonds
d)
Neither bond
78.
Share electrons
a)
Ionic Bonds
b)
Covalent Bonds
c)
Both bonds
d)
Neither bond
79.
Which mineral property is being shown here?
a)
luster
b)
hardness
c)
cleavage
d)
streak
80.
A mineral breaks into pieces like are shown in the picture. How would you describe its breakage?
a)
cleavage
b)
fracture
c)
glassy
d)
waxy
81.

The characteristics that all minerals share are:

a)

Definite Chemical Composition, Color, Density, Igneous, and Solid

b)

Definite Chemical Composition,  Crystal Structure, Inorganic, Naturally Occurring, and Solid

c)

Cleavage, Faces, Hardness, Metamorphic, and Streak

d)

Cleavage, Crystal Structure, Density, Igneous, and Solid

82.
Means that the substance must occur in nature, it cannot be created or manufactured by people
a)
Inorganic
b)
Organic
c)
Naturally Occurring
d)
Not Living
83.
Means that a mineral cannot come from something that was once living.
a)
Inorganic
b)
Organic
c)
Naturally Occurring
d)
Not Living
84.
This means the particles that make a mineral line up in a pattern that repeats over and over again.
a)
Chemical Composition
b)
Crystal Structure
c)
Fracture
d)
Solid
85.
Hardness is a property that helps identify minerals. Scientists use a scale of 1-10 to show the hardness of a mineral. What number would be given to the hardest?
a)
1
b)
10
c)
5
d)
7
86.

When a mineral breaks apart in an irregular way it has _____________.

a)

Cleavage

b)

Fracture

c)

Luster

d)

Hardness

87.

You look at a mineral to find this property. Many minerals can have more than one.

a)

Luster

b)

Cleavage

c)

Color

d)

Streak

88.

The mineral's ability to reflect light. It can be metallic, pearly, glassy, silky, or dull.

a)

Luster

b)

Color

c)

Fracture

d)

Density

89.

The mineral's ability to scratch another object. Tools used to test this include glass, fingernail, steel, and a copper penny.

a)

Luster

b)

Hardness

c)

Density

d)

Streak

90.

The scale used to measure hardness of minerals is called the _______.

a)

Bob's Hardness Scale

b)

Moh's Hardness Scale

c)

Mike's Hardness Scale

d)

The Hardness Scale

91.

Which is the only type of rock that can contain fossils?

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

92.

Sedimentary rock is formed from_________.

a)

cooling of magma or lava

b)

melting

c)

compacting and cementing

d)

heat and pressure

93.

Metamorphic rock is formed from _________.

a)

melting

b)

weathering and erosion

c)

compacting and cementing

d)

heat and pressure

94.

Igneous rock is formed from ___________,

a)

cooling of magma or lava

b)

heat and pressure

c)

compacting and cementing

d)

weathering and erosion

95.

What does SEDIMENT mean?

a)

Large pieces of rock and soil

b)

A bunch of rocks

c)

Small pieces of rock and soil

96.

What does intrusive mean?

a)

Within the earth

b)

On earths surface

c)

At earths core

97.

What does extrusive mean?

a)

Within the earth

b)

On earths surface

c)

At earths core

98.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
99.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
100.

Minerals are extracted from ...................

a)

metals

b)

rock

c)

ore

101.

Minerals are obtained by a process called .............

a)

Hiking

b)

digging

c)

mining

d)

none

102.

An energy resource that is only available in a limited amount.

a)

waste energy

b)

renewable energy

c)

nonrenewable energy

d)

potential energy

103.

___________________ are fuels made from the remains of ancient organisms.

a)

fossil fuels

b)

waste energy

c)

renewable energy

d)

nuclear energy

104.

What are renewable resources?

a)

A limited amount and cannot be replaced in a human life time.

b)

Plastic bags

c)

Coal, oil, and natural gas

d)

Can be replaced in our lifetime through natural processes

105.

How so we get energy from the sun?

a)

Sunlight can generate electricity straight from the sky.

b)

Solar panels use the sun to power turbines.

c)

Solar panels can convert sunlight into electrical energy.

d)

Solar panels generate their own electricity.

106.

What is geothermal energy?

a)

A power plant.

b)

Heat energy generated and stored in the Earth.

c)

Nuclear Energy

d)

A nonrenewable resource

107.
According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found 
a)
At the top of the rock layers
b)
Near the bottom of the rock layers
c)
In the middle of the rock layers
d)
Somewhat near the surface
108.
Scientists use radioactive decay to measure...
a)
relative time
b)
absolute time
c)
half-lives
d)
time of day
109.
The length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay is its...
a)
era
b)
age
c)
half-life
d)
eon
110.
How does absolute age differ from relative age?
a)
only absolute dating indicates which rock is older than another
b)
only absolute dating finds the age in years
c)
only relative dating finds the age in years
111.
_______ are the preserved remains or traces of living things.
a)
bones
b)
fossils
c)
artifacts
d)
organic matter
112.
A _______ is a hollow area in sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism.
a)
mold
b)
cast
c)
petrified fossil
d)
trace fossil
113.
A _______ is a solid copy of the shape of an organism.
a)
mold
b)
cast 
c)
petrified fossil
d)
trace fossil
114.
A dinosaur track, a trail, and burrow are all examples of
a)
casts
b)
molds
c)
trace fossils
d)
preserved remains
115.

What is Plate Tectonics?

a)

movement of the Earth in space

b)

movement of the oceans against Earth's land

c)

movement of the Earth around the sun

d)

movement of the pieces of Earth's crust

116.

Why do Earth's plates move?

a)

because of tornadoes and hurricanes

b)

because of Earth spinning on its axis

c)

because of Earth orbiting the sun

d)

because of molten rock heating and cooling within the mantle (convection)

117.

how did Pangaea break apart

a)

dynamite

b)

cave men

c)

Minecraft

d)

continental drift theory

118.
What does the theory of continental drift state?
a)
The continents were once joined in a super-continent and have moved over time
b)
Continents are stationary and do not move
c)
The Earth is broken into lithospheric plates that move due to convection currents
d)
none of the above
119.
What is represented by the picture? 
a)
Sea-floor spreading
b)
Pangea
c)
How the continents are arranged today
d)
Volcanoes
120.
What are Mid-Ocean Ridges?
a)
A chain of underwater waterfalls 
b)
A chain of underwater volcanos
c)
A chain of underwater mountains
d)
A chain of underwater rocks
121.
True or False : Sea-floor Spreading adds new material to the ocean floor?
a)
True
b)
False
122.

When plates are moving towards each other, this is called:

a)

Transform

b)

Convergent

c)

Divergent

d)

Volcanic

123.

When plates are moving away from each other.

a)

Convergent

b)

Volcanic

c)

Divergent

d)

Transform

124.

When the plates are sliding along one another in opposite directions:

a)

Transform

b)

Volcanic

c)

Convergent

d)

Divergent

125.

Transform plate boundaries cause _______

a)

Earthquakes

b)

Volcanoes

c)

Mountains

d)

Hills

126.

What is the beginning point of an earthquake?

a)

focus

b)

epicenter

c)

tsunami

d)

lithosphere

127.

What are the vibrations of energy flowing from the focus?

a)

epicenter

b)

tsunami

c)

focus

d)

seismic waves

128.

What is the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus?

a)

tsunami

b)

seismic wave

c)

epicenter

d)

focus

129.

The strength of an earthquake's seismic waves...

a)

epicenter

b)

magnitude

c)

tsunami

d)

focus

130.

Giant ocean waves are called?

a)

epicenter

b)

seismic wave

c)

focus

d)

tsunami

131.

Fast-moving waves that occur beneath the surface of the earth are what type of earthquake waves?

a)

love wave

b)

surface waves

c)

P wave

d)

Body waves

132.

Slower destructive waves that occur on the surface of the earth are what type of earthquake waves?

a)

love wave

b)

surface waves

c)

P wave

d)

body waves

133.

What causes earthquakes?

a)

Millions of people jumping at once

b)

The earth rotating

c)

The movement of plate tectonics

d)

Gravity

134.
The crack along which rocks break and an earthquake occurs is a _____.
a)
focus
b)
fault
c)
epicenter
d)
hypocenter
135.

_________ helps scientists in determining the power of the earthquake

a)

Seismograph

b)

Richter Scale

136.

What is the zig-zag record made by a seismograph called?

a)

A. Seismograph

b)

B. Seismologist

c)

C. Seismic wave

d)

D. Seismogram

137.

The semi-molten rock underneath a volcano is called ____________

a)

geyser

b)

lahar

c)

lava

d)

magma

138.

Active volcanoes are most likely to be found ___________

a)

in convergent boundaries

b)

in the Pacific Ring of Fire

c)

where tectonic plates pull apart

d)

in transformed boundaries

139.

Molten rock that pours forth on Earth's surface is called

a)

metamorphic.

b)

magma.

c)

lava.

d)

pyroclastics.

140.
Where do volcanoes come from?
a)
Places where plates move apart
b)
Places where plates are moving together
c)
Hot Spots
d)
All of these options

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