Multicellularity allows for special cells devoted to specific activities

Cells are organized into

The mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, pancreas, and anus are a main components of which organ system?

The heart, blood vessels, and blood are a part of which organ system?

The lungs, trachea, and other breathing tubes are main components of which organ system?

Bone marrow, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, lymph vessels, and white blood cells are the main components of which organ system?

The kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra are main components in which organ system?

The pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, and other hormone-secreting glands are main components in which organ system?

The ovaries or testes and other associated organs are main components in which organ system?

The brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory organs are main components in which organ system?

Skin, hair, claws, sweat glands, and such are main components in which organ system?

Bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage are main components in which organ system?

Skeletal muscles are main components in which organ system?

What are the categories of animal tissues?

There is only one cell type that makes up the four tissue types

Epithelial tissue is polarized (different on the top vs. the bottom)

The polarized arrangement of epithelial cells may be

Which muscle is voluntary and striated?

Which muscle is involuntary and striated?

Which muscle is involuntary and non striated?

Muscle tissue is responsible for nearly all types of body movement

Which tissue contains cells scattered through an extracellular matrix?

What are the name of the proteins that cause contraction in muscle cells?

Which system uses signaling molecules released into the bloodstream as a way to signal?

Which system uses neurons to transmit signals along dedicated routes?

Is neuron signaling specific or non-specific?

Is signaling by hormones..

What are the signaling molecules sent out by the endocrine system called?

Only cells with receptors for a certain hormone can respond to hormones

The endocrine system coordinates immediate changes that affect the entire body

The nervous system directs immediate and rapid responses to the environment

Which feedback reinforces a stimulus to increase?

The functions of some hormones have diverged between species over the course of evolution

An animal that uses internal mechanisms to control internal change despite external fluctuation is a

An animal that allows its internal condition to change in accordance with external changes is a

Homeostasis in animals relies largely on positive feedback

What is thermoregulation?

Which animals generate heat by metabolism?

Example(s) of an endothermic animal include:

Animals that gain heat from external sources

Examples of ectothermic animals include:

Ectotherms generally need to consume more food than Endotherms because their heat source is largely environmental

Organisms exchange heat by which physical processes?

The process where heat waves are emitted and absorbed

The process of heat exchange that transfers heat as water changes from liquid to gas

The exchange of heat through physical contact

The exchange of heat through the movement of thermal energy within fluids

The widening of the diameter of blood vessels; promotes blood loss

The narrowing of diameter of superficial blood vessels; reduces heat loss

Countercurrent heat exchange transfers heat between fluids flowing in ___ direction(s) and ___ heat loss

Thermoregulation in mammals is controlled by the

Which word belongs on the red line?

Which word belongs on the blue line?

Control solute concentrations in fluids surrounding cells and balance water gain and loss

What is the process that rids the body of nitrogenous metabolites and other metabolic waste products?

What is the side that has a higher solute concentration?

The marine animals that are isoosmotic with their surroundings and do not regulate their osmolarity

What is the difference between marine fish and freshwater fish?

How do freshwater fish get most of their salt?

All animals convert ammonia (NH3) to less toxic compounds before excretion

Which animals produce ammonia (NH3)?

Which animal produces uric acid?

Which animals produce urea?

Which nitrogenous waste is most toxic?

Which function filters body fluids?

Which function adds nonessential solutes and wastes from the body fluids to the filtrate?

Which function reclaims valuable solutes?

Which function releases processed filtrate containing nitrogenous wastes from the body?

What is number 1?

What is number 2?

What is number 3?

What is number 4?

What is number 5?

What is number 6?

What is the network of capillaries called that is considered the basic unit of the kidney?

Filtrate forms when fluid passes…

About 99% of the water nutrients are reabsorbed into the blood

What part reabsorbs ions, water, and nutrients?

The descending limb and ascending limb of this part maintain the steep osmotic gradient in the medulla that regulate water loss

What regulates K+,NaCl, and other ion concentrations to regulate pH?

What is the part that carries filtrate to the renal pelvis?

To live in a different habitat, it is likely that your nephron structure will change