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Biology Mid-Term Review

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 1hrs 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What 3 things make up a nucleotide?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen Base
b)
Sugar, Hydrogen, Carbon
c)
Carbon, Phosphate, Nitrogen
d)
mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
2.
What is assembled during transcription?
a)
transfer RNA
b)
messenger RNA
c)
DNA replication
d)
court proceedings
3.
What is made during translation?
a)
transfer RNA
b)
messenger RNA
c)
Proteins
d)
Spanish Rice
4.

What is the building block of proteins?

a)

amino acids

b)

saccharide

c)

codon

d)

anticodon

5.
What amino acid is coded for by the mRNA UCU?
a)

Serine

b)

Arginine

c)

Glycine

6.

What amino acid would be coded for by the DNA AAA?

a)

Lysine

b)

Phenylalanine

c)

Leucine

7.
a 3 nucleotide sequence of tRNA
a)
codon
b)
anticodon
8.
Which of the following is the process of reading mRNA code to produce a protein?
a)
replication
b)
translation
c)
transcription
9.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
10.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
11.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
12.

Transcribe the following DNA strand: CTG AAT

a)

GAC TTA

b)

CTG AAT

c)

GAC UUA

d)

CUG AAU

13.
tRNA is involved in
a)
carrying amino acids 
b)
carrying ribosomes
c)
carrying glucose
d)
carrying lipids
14.
Which process is happening in this picture?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
15.
Which of the following molecules is created during TRANSCRIPTION?
a)
Protein
b)
DNA
c)
mRNA
d)
tRNA
16.
Which of the following molecules is created during TRANSLATION?
a)
Protein
b)
DNA
c)
mRNA
d)
tRNA
17.
If we think of DNA as a ladder, which parts are the sides of the ladder?
a)
the nitrogenous base pairs
b)
the phosphate-sugar backbone
c)
the genes
d)
the phospholipid bilayer
18.

What causes cells to grow unregulated?

a)

genetic mutation

b)

eating vegetables

c)

meiosis

d)

carbohydrate

19.

If removed, which phase would cause the cell to have half the amount of genetic information?

a)

Metaphase

b)

Telophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Interphase (S Phase)

20.

Which has more cells dividing?

a)

Cancer Cells

b)

Normal Cells

21.

Which form of cell division produces identical cells?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

22.

Which form of cell division produces genetically different cells?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

23.

Which form of cell division is involved in growth and repair?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

24.

If the cells in mitosis start with 36 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells have?

a)

13

b)

18

c)

36

d)

72

25.

Which is formed by meiosis?

a)

skin cells

b)

haploid cells

c)

liver cells

d)

diploid cells

26.

What type of cells go through meiosis?

a)

body cells

b)

sex cells

27.

How many cells are created in meiosis?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

6

d)

8

28.

The cells produced in meiosis are____.

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

29.

Meiosis is a form of _____________ reproduction.

a)

sexual

b)

asexual

30.

Sperm cells are formed by ________________

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

31.

Which process occurs in somatic or body cells?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

32.

Which process increases genetic variation?

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

33.

Which process is responsible for why you look different than your siblings?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

34.

A cow has 60 chromosomes in its somatic cells. How many chromosomes are in its sex cells?

a)

30

b)

60

c)

90

d)

120

35.

Cancer occurs when cells lose their ability to control ____.

a)

cell wall

b)

rate of division

c)

osmosis

d)

carbohydrates

36.

Which process replaces dead skin cells?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

37.

Sex cells divide using a process called meiosis

a)

True

b)

False

38.

How many daughter cells are created during mitosis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

39.

Which of the following is the purpose of meiosis?

a)

growth (from zygote to adult)

b)

maintenance (replacing blood cells)

c)

repair (after injuries)

d)

making gametes (egg and sperm cells)

40.

How many daughter cells are created by meiosis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

41.

_____ division occurs during Mitosis.     

a)

One

b)

Two

c)

Three

d)

No

42.

Mitosis is involved in _____ and _____.

a)

Formation of Gametes.

b)

Formation of Eggs and Sperm cells.

c)

Eggs but not Sperm cells.

d)

Growth and Repair.

43.

With Mitosis, The daughter cells are genetically _____.             

a)

Different.

b)

Identical.

c)

Very similar.

d)

Crossed over.

44.

In pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). Which of the following represents the genotype of a pea plant that is heterozygous?

a)

RR

b)

round

c)

Rr

d)

wrinkled

e)

rr

45.

In pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). Which of the following represents the genotype of a pea plant that is homozygous dominant?

a)

RR

b)

round

c)

Rr

d)

wrinkled

e)

rr

46.
What allele combination should go in the missing box?
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
none of these
47.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
48.
What ratio of the offspring from the cross shown will be homozygous recessive for the  trait of tallness? 
a)
0 in 4
b)
1 in 4
c)
2 in 4
d)
4 in 4
49.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
50.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
51.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
52.
Each one of the boxes on the Punnett Square represents what probability of an offsprings' genotype?
a)
25%
b)
1%
c)
10%
d)
0%
53.

What are the possible phenotype(s) of the offspring? (A-Brown hair; a-blond hair)

a)

50 % Brown Hair and 50% Blond Hair

b)

25 % Brown Hair and 75% Blond Hair

c)

75 % Brown Hair and 25% Blond Hair

d)

0% Brown Hair and 100% Blond Hair

54.

A personal with type AB blood has which genotype?

a)

type A

b)

AA

c)

IAIA

d)

IAIB

55.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
56.
A red flowered plant (RR) breeds with a White flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance.  What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
57.

Is this pedigree dominant, recessive, or sex-linked recessive?

a)

Dominant

b)

Recessive

c)

Sex-Linked Recessive

58.
Select the statement that best describes the function of the cell wall.
a)
It gives structural support to plant cells.
b)
Its jelly-like fluid surrounds the nucleus and most of the cell’s internal parts.
c)
It contains the cell’s nuclear material. 
d)
It produces food from sunlight. 
59.
What is the name and function of the organelle displayed above?
a)
Mitochondria: breakdown glucose and produce ATP
b)
Chloroplast: converts solar energy into chemical energy
c)
Vacuole: Stores H2O, salt, food
d)
Nucleus: stores genetic information
60.
The two kinds of cells are Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. How are they different?
a)
Prokaryotes have a nucleus.
b)
Eukaryotes have a nucleus.
c)
Prokaryotes are plant cells.
d)
There is no difference.
61.
What can only be found in plant cells?
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Vacuole
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Mitochondrion
62.
What cell part is NOT found in all cells?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Genetic Material
63.

A cell that has a true nucleus

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

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