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SEM 1 Body Systems Review

Total questions: 54

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
How many kidneys do you have?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
5
d)
2
2.
A hollow muscular sac that holds up to 500 mL of urine:
a)
Bladder
b)
Kidney
c)
Ureter
d)
Urethra
3.
The main function of the circulatory system is 
a)
To give the body structure and support
b)
Excrete waste
c)
transport blood, nutrients, and gases throughout the body
d)
to transport messages from the body to the brain
4.
Arteries carry nutrient and oxygen rich blood _____________ from the heart.
a)
back to
b)
away
c)
parallel
5.
Capillaries join together
a)
veins and arteries
b)
veins and the heart
c)
arteries and veins
d)
heart and valves
6.

What ensures the unidirectional flow of blood through the

heart?

a)

Constant pressure generated by the heart contractions.

b)

Valves within the heart that prevent backflow of blood.

c)

Squeezing action of smooth muscle tissue in arterial walls.

d)

Continuous osmotic outflow of plasma from capillaries.

7.

The ____________ carries blood throughout the body;

the ____________ carries blood only to and from the

lungs.

a)

systemic circuit; pulmonary circuit

b)

pulmonary circuit; systemic circuit

c)

venous circulation; arterial circulation

d)

arterial circulation; venous circulation

8.
Which type of neuron carries signals from the outer parts of the body into the central nervous system?
a)
Sensory
b)
Motor
c)
Inter
d)
All of the above
9.
What is myelin sheath?
a)
Insulating membrane that keep the impulses to travel quickly.
b)
Passes the impulses on to another cell.
c)
Receive impulses and carry them to the cell body.
d)
The point at which the impulses is passed on.
10.
What is the state of being at a stable point in your internal/external environment called?
a)
stimulus
b)
homeostatic
c)
homeostasis
d)
regulated
11.

Which neuron carries impulses from the brain/spinal cord to an effector?

a)

motor

b)

Sensory

c)

Inter

d)

Regular

12.
How does the Endocrine System help your body maintain homeostasis?
a)
It keeps dopamine levels consistent
b)
It gives the body energy to function
c)
It releases hormones into your bloodstream that affect your body cells
d)
It creates neurons improve the nervous system
13.
Type of neuron that carry’s impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands
a)
sensory neuron
b)
motor neuron
c)
interneuron
d)
reflex’s
14.
What physiological response would most likely occur if the room your in is very dark?
a)
You would trip and fall over an object
b)
Your pupils will dilate to allow more light to pass through
c)
Your eyes will automatically squint to focus on certain obstacles
d)
Your eyes will adjust over a long period of time
15.
What would be a behavioral response of a change in temperature for a pig?
a)
Take a nap
b)
Get up and run around
c)
Lay/Roll in mud
d)
Spray water on itself
16.
Where is the nucleus located in a neuron?
a)
To the left of the dendrites.
b)
Below the axon terminal.
c)
Inside the cell body.
d)
Through the myelin sheath.
17.

The endocrine system and the nervous system have what in common?

a)

They both produce hormones.

b)

They both help regulate the body.

c)

They both control internal temperature.

d)

They both contain neurons.

18.
When a cat hears a can opener, it gets scared and jumps, but then it realized that it meant there would be canned cat food. it runs towards the can opener and starts meowing, expecting food to be presented. What is is the receptor in this scenario?
a)
The cat
b)
The cat's ears
c)
The can opener
d)
The food
19.

Identify which system causes which response for the following scenario: You are stressed because of all the tests you have so your shoulder muscles get very tense and you start tearing up minutes later.

a)

Nervous: Muscles tightening as they get tense

Endocrine: Tearing up

b)

Nervous: Tearing up

Endocrine: Muscles tightening as they get tense

c)

Respiratory: Muscles tightening as they get tense

Endocrine: Tearing up

d)

Circulatory: Tearing up

Urinary: Muscles tightening as they get tense

20.
In a rush to get to school, Jamie grabbed her backpack, coat, and a waffle on her way out of the door on the way to the bus. However, as she grabbed the waffle her hand brushed the hot toaster which caused her to gasp and drop the waffle on the floor as she quickly retracted her hand from the pain. In this scenario, what was the stimulus, the receptor, and the reaction to the situation?
a)
Her hand; The heat; Retract hand from toaster
b)
Heat from the toaster; Her hand muscles; Retract hand from the toaster
c)
Her waffle; Her foot; Jump in the air
d)
Heat from the toaster; Her hand; Rinse hand under cold water
21.
On a lovely hike through the forest, you hear a strange sound on your way back to camp. When turning around, you spot a grizzly bear, about 100 feet behind you, which has now noticed you. It begins to walk towards you, and quickly. After seeing the bear, this sensory information was immediately delivered to the _______ by your ______ neurons, which then send a message to the _______ system from the brain to release the _______ hormone. This causes the heart to respond by ________.
a)
CNS, motor, endocrine, adrenaline, increasing
b)
CNS, sensory, endocrine, adrenaline, increasing
c)
CNS, spinal, pancreatic, insulin, decreasing
d)
CNS, sensory, endocrine, adrenaline, decreasing
22.

Consists of your brain and spinal cord

a)

medulla

b)

cerebrum

c)

central nervous system

d)

peripheral nervous system

23.

All parts of the nervous system except for the brain and spinal cord

a)

nerves

b)

neuron

c)

central nervous system

d)

peripheral nervous system

24.
E
a)
Synapse
b)
Cell Body
c)
Axon 
d)
Dendrite
25.

D

a)

Synapse

b)

Cell Body

c)

Axon

d)

Dendrite

26.

A

a)

Synapse

b)

Cell Body

c)

Axon

d)

Dendrite

27.

Electrical signals travel through a neuron in this direction.

a)

(enter) A → E → D → B (leave)

b)

(enter) B → D → E → A (leave)

28.

What is the point of a feedback loop?

a)

To provide the body with more energy

b)

To provide the body with more food

c)

To make sure the conditions in the body are always changing

d)

To make sure the conditions in the body remain stable

29.

In this body temperature feedback loop, predict what would happen if cooling mechanisms were NOT activated?

a)

The body would not warm up.

b)

The body would not cool down.

c)

Your body would get colder and colder.

d)

Your body would release lots of heat.

30.
The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:
a)
positive and negative 
b)
receptor and effector
c)
static and dynamic
d)
minor and major
31.
The process of childbirth is an example of:
a)
negative feedback loop
b)
positive feedback loop
32.
When glucose levels in the blood rise, your brain sends a signal to your pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin, which opens channels in cell membranes to allow glucose to enter the cell, lowering blood sugar levels. 
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
33.
What is the main purpose of the immune system?
a)
support the body through bones and muscles
b)
get rid of waste from the body
c)
protect the body from pathogens
d)
move blood through the body
34.
What do antibodies attach to on the pathogen?
a)
Anti inflammatory
b)
Antigens
c)
Antiseptic
d)
Antibodies
35.
Pathogens are recognized by their...
a)
antigens
b)
antibodies
c)
killer t-cells
d)
B-cells
36.

What happens after the second time you are exposed to a pathogen?

a)

The body will not be able to fight off the pathogen quickly, because it knows how to get into the body easier.

b)

The body's immune system will react the same was as it did during the first exposure.

c)

The body can only be exposed to a pathogen a second time if you do not have a vaccine.

d)

The body will know how to fight off the pathogen quickly, because memory cells have been created after the first encounter.

37.
Jorge has a cold but feels well enough to study with his friends Lisa and Jin. Lisa and Jin become sick. Which term describes Jorge’s condition when he was studying with his friends?  
a)
noninfectious
b)
contagious
c)
immune
d)
deadly
38.

A 3 month old baby contracts a virus called whooping cough (pertussis) after receiving the first of a sequence of 3 necessary DPT vaccines designed to prevent 3 diseases (diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus). The vaccines are given at 2, 4, and 6 months of age to allow the body to develop specific immunity against these diseases. After the infant recovered from the disease, the doctor informed the parents that from now on the infant would only need the DT (diphtheria, tetanus) part of the vaccine. Why does the infant only need the DT vaccine?

a)

The infant had the first of a series of vaccines which caused the disease

b)

The infant had the pertussis disease and has already produced antibodies against the disease.

c)

The infant had the first of a series of vaccines which protected him from getting the disease.

d)

The infant had the pertussis disease and will get diphtheria in the future.

39.

Nonspecific immunity is often the body's "first line of defense". Which of the following are part of the non-specific immune system?

a)

White blood cells, tears, T-cells

b)

Saliva, inflammation, Lymphocytes

c)

Skin, tears, mucous membranes

d)

Mucous membranes, fever, B-cells

40.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about someone's immune system that has allergies?

a)

Body cells are dividing at an uncontrolled rate.

b)

The body is reacting to foreign antigens that are not dangerous to most people.

c)

T cells and B cells in the body cannot be activated.

d)

The body is mistaking its own cells for foreign antigens.

41.

Which is the most important thing used in the first line of defense?

a)

macrophage

b)

fever

c)

skin

d)

antigens

42.

Antibiotics

a)

only destroy bacteria

b)

only destroy viruses

c)

can destroy both bacteria and viruses

43.

An autoimmune disorder is a condition in which

a)

a person's immune system is missing

b)

a body attacks its own cells

c)

the immune system doesn't work

d)

a body attacks all foreign cells

44.

Of the following, which patient should you treat first？

a)

The patient who looks the worst

b)

The patient with the most critical vital signs

c)

The closest patient

d)

The youngest patient

45.
The chewing and grinding of food into smaller pieces is an example of...
a)
Mechanical Digestion
b)
Chemical Digestion
46.

Muscles that oppose one another are

a)

synergist

b)

hateful

c)

prime movers

d)

antagonists

47.
Muscles are composed of which of the following?
a)
Lipids
b)
Protiens
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
Fats
48.
What is structure A?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
49.
What makes an enzyme substrate specific?
a)
Size
b)
Shape
c)
Name
d)
Location it is found in
50.
Nutrients from digested food are absorbed in which digestive organ?
a)
Small Intestine
b)
Stomach
c)
Large Intestine
d)
Gallbladder
51.

Number 5 is pointing to the...

a)

Liver

b)

mouth

c)

Pancreas

d)

Stomach

52.
Which organ pushes food down to the stomach?
a)
Mouth
b)
Esophagus
c)
Rectum
d)
Large intestine
53.
How do pairs of skeletal muscles work together?
a)
while one contracts, the other returns to original length
b)
both muscles contract at the same time
c)
both muscles relax at the same time
d)
1 muscle pulls on the bone and the other pulls on the first muscle
54.
At 40 degrees Celsius, your biological enzymes will...
a)
Functional optimally
b)
Denature
c)
Wait until the temp. increases
d)
Wait until the temp. decreases

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