WorksheetsNutrition Tutoring Session 4
Total questions: 34
Worksheet time: 31mins
You've been studying your GI physiology and you know that absorption of nutrients happens primarily in the ______.
Small intestine
Stomach
Mouth
Large intestine
Proper nutrition is important for all of the following: (Select all that apply)
Normal growth & Development
Tissue repair & Maintenance
Illness Prevention
Cellular Metabolismm
A nurse is teaching about the energy needed at rest to maintain life-sustaining activities for a specific period of time. What is the nurse discussing?
Resting Energy Expenditure (REE)
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Nutrients
Nutrient Density
You are conducting an MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) on your patient since you know a nutrition assessment on admission to the hospital is a requirement. You realize your patient is at risk for malnutrition when they tell you:
”I’ve lost 30 pounds in the past month"
”My hair has been falling out more”
"I have had a great appetite"
”My skin is very moist and my nails are healthy"
”I used to be able to squat 100 pounds now I can’t even pick up a 5 lb dumbbell”
It is 7:15AM and your patient has just voided. They have stepped on the scale because you want to monitor their daily weight. You compare their weight today, 100 kg to yesterday’s weight, 101 kg. You realize that they have lost how many liters of fluid?
2L
0.5L
2.2L
1L
Which of the following are ways clients may lose water?
(Select all that apply)
Perspiration
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Respiration
Proper Nutrition
The patient has been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease and placed on a low-fat diet. The patient asks the nurse, "How much fat should I have? I guess the less fat, the better." Which information will the nurse include in the teaching session?
Cholesterol intake needs to be less than 300 mg/day.
Fats have no significance in health and the incidence of disease.
All fats come from external sources so this can be easily controlled.
Deficiencies occur when fat intake falls below 10% of daily nutrition.
Your patient asks how many kcal/gram carbohydrates provide compared to protein. You say:
Carbs: 4
Protein: 9
Carbs: 4
Protein: 4
Carbs: 9
Protein: 4
Carbs: 4
Protein: 5
If carbs and proteins both have 4 kcal/gram,
how many kcal/gram does fat have?
When planning care for an adolescent who plays sports, which modification should the nurse include in the care plan?
Increasing carbohydrates to 55% to 60% of total intake
Increasing fat intake to 40% to 50% of daily intake
Decreasing protein intake to 0.75 g/kg/day
Limiting water before and after exercise
In general, when a patient's energy requirements are completely met by kilocalorie (kcal) intake in food, which assessment finding will the nurse observe?
Weight increases
Weight decreases
Weight does not change
Weight fluctuates daily
Your patient has an angioplasty scheduled for 7AM. It is currently 12:30AM and he states "I am so dehydrated, can I please have a Gatorade?". His diet order is "NPO". What order can you get from the doctor that may help him?
Order for tube feeding
Order for 0.9 NS
Order for one sip of Gatorade
Order for TPN
Your patient had hip surgery and was left with a wound. In order to promote tissue repair and wound healing, you know that they need to take in more of THIS nutrient and create a positive ______ balance in order to heal most optimally.
Carbohydrates,
Nitrogen
Carbohydrates,
Fluid
Protein,
Fluid
Protein,
Nitrogen
You are teaching a family member about the ChooseMyPlate program. Which guidelines will you include in the teaching session?
It applies to their 1-year old
Balancing calories
Balancing sodium and potassium
Increasing portion size
Dietary reference intakes (DRIs) present evidence-based criteria for an acceptable range of amounts of vitamins and nutrients for each gender and age group. Components of DRIs include which of the following? (Select all that apply)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
The Food Guide Pyramid
Adequate Intake (AI)
The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
In providing diet education for a patient on a low-fat diet, which information is important for the nurse to share?
Polyunsaturated fats should be less than 7% of the total calories.
Trans fat should be less than 7% of the total calories.
Unsaturated fats are found mostly in animal sources.
Saturated fats are found mostly in animal sources.
.
To provide successful nutritional therapies to patients, the nurse must understand that:
Patients will have to change diet preferences drastically to be successful.
The patient will tell the nurse when to change the plan of care.
Expectations of nurses frequently differ from those of the patient.
Nurses should never alter the plan of care regardless of outcome.
.
The nurse is caring for a patient with dysphagia and is feeding her a pureed chicken diet when she begins to choke. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Suction her mouth and throat
Turn her on her side
Put her on oxygen @ 2L nasal cannula
Stop feeding her and place NPO
The nurse is feeding a patient with dysphagia. Which action performed by the nurse during feeding may lead to aspiration?
The nurse raises the head of the bed to 90 degrees.
The nurse extends the patient's head to a chin-up position.
The nurse places the food on the stronger side of the mouth.
The nurse provides the patient with thicker fluids to drink.
Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the health care provider for a patient who is prescribed aspiration precautions? Select all that apply.
Choking
Gagging
Coughing
Difficulty swallowing
Difficulty passing flatus
The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing dysphagia. Which interventions help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Select all that apply.)
Sit the patient upright in a chair.
Give liquids at the end of the meal.
Place food in the strong side of the mouth.
Encourage patient to lie down to rest for 30 minutes after eating.
Feed the patient slowly, allowing time to chew and swallow.
A small-bore feeding tube is placed.
What is the best technique to verify tube placement?
X-ray
pH testing
Auscultation
Aspiration of contents
A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding. In which order will the nurse implement the steps, starting with the first one?
1. Elevate the head of bed to at least 30 degrees.
2. Check for gastric residual volume.
3. Flush tubing with 30 mL of water.
4. Verify tube placement.
5. Initiate feeding.
4, 2, 1, 5, 3
2, 4, 1, 3, 5
1, 4, 2, 3, 5
2, 1, 4, 5, 3
The nurse is concerned about pulmonary aspiration when providing the patient with an intermittent tube feeding. Which action is the priority?
Observe the color of gastric contents.
Verify tube placement before feeding.
Add blue food coloring to the enteral formula.
Run the formula over 12 hours to decrease overload.
The patient has just been started on an enteral feeding and has developed diarrhea after being on the feeding for 2 hours. The most likely cause of the diarrhea would be
Clostridium difficile
Antibiotic Therapy
Formula Intolerance
Bacterial Contamination
The patient is to receive multiple medications via the nasogastric tube. The nurse is concerned that the tube may become clogged. To prevent this, the nurse:
Irrigates the tube with 60 mL of water after all medications are given.
Checks with the pharmacy to find out if liquid forms of the medications are available.
Instills non liquid medications without diluting.
Mixes all medications together to decrease the number of administrations.
The patient has just started on enteral feedings, and the patient is reporting abdominal cramping. Which action will the nurse take next?
Slow the rate of tube feeding.
Instill cold formula to "numb" the stomach.
Change the tube feeding to a high-fat formula.
Consult with the health care provider about prokinetic medication.
Before giving the patient an intermittent tube feeding, the nurse should?
Make sure that the tube is secured to the gown with a safety pin.
Have the tube feeding at room temperature.
Inject air into the stomach via the tube and auscultate.
Place the patient in a supine position.
The nurse is assessing a patient receiving enteral feedings via a small-bore nasogastric tube. Which assessment findings need further intervention?
Gastric pH of 4.0 during placement check
Weight gain of 1 pound over the course of a week
Active bowel sounds in the four abdominal quadrants
Gastric residual aspirate of 350 mL for the second consecutive time
The patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) asks the nurse why his blood glucose is being checked, because he does not have diabetes. What is the best response by the nurse?
"TPN can cause hyperglycemia, and it is important to keep your blood glucose level in an acceptable range."
"The high concentration of dextrose in the TPN can give you diabetes; thus you need to be monitored closely."
"Monitoring your blood glucose level helps to determine the dose of insulin that you need to absorb the TPN."
"Checking your blood glucose level regularly helps to determine if the TPN is effective as a nutrition intervention."
The nurse suspects that the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central venous catheter (CVC) has an air embolus. What action does the nurse need to take first?
Raise head of bed to 90 degrees
Turn patient to left lateral decubitus position
Notify health care provider immediately
Have patient perform the Valsalva maneuver
A patient develops a foodborne disease from Escherichia coli. When taking a health history, which food item will the nurse most likely find the patient ingested?
Improperly home-canned food
Undercooked ground beef
Soft cheese
Custard
To honor cultural values of patients from different ethnic/religious groups, which actions demonstrate culturally sensitive care by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)
Allows fasting on Yom Kippur for a Jewish patient
Allows caffeine drinks for a Mormon patient
Serves no ham products to a Muslim patient
Serves kosher foods to a Christian patient
Serves no meat or fish to a Hindu patient
Moist foods that need some chewing is an example of what level of a dysphagia diet?
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
