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Mega Biochem Unit

Total questions: 89

Worksheet time: 2hrs 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

All matter is made of what

a)

energy

b)

atoms

c)

electrons

d)

compounds

2.
The positive particles of an atom are 
a)
electrons 
b)
positrons 
c)
neutrons 
d)
protons 
3.

The central region of an atom where its neutrons and protons are is its

a)

nucleus

b)

electron cloud

c)

core

d)

center

4.

An atom with atomic number 6 would have how many protons

a)

6

b)

12

c)

3

d)

cannot be determined

5.
Particles in an atom that are neutral and have no charge are 
a)
negatrons 
b)
electrons 
c)
neutrons 
d)
protons 
6.
A particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n)...
a)
Proton
b)
Neutron
c)
Electron
d)
Quark
7.
What is the number of protons that the element in this image contain?
a)
14
b)
7
c)
15
d)
18
8.

What charge does an atom have when it GAINS electrons?

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

Neutral

9.

What two particles determine the mass number?

a)

Protons and electrons

b)

Electrons and neutrons

c)

Protons and neutrons

10.

If the mass number of this chlorine atom is 36, how many neutrons does it have?

a)

17

b)

18

c)

19

d)

can't be determined

11.

Which of the following describes covalent bonds?

a)

Bonds form because of opposite charges

b)

electrons are shared to fill outer electron shells

c)

Electrons are transferred between atoms

d)

Covalent bonds are magical

12.

When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a

a)

positive ion

b)

negative ion

c)

neutral ion

d)

neutral atom

13.
How are ionic bonds formed?
a)
Transfer of electrons
b)
Sharing of electrons
14.
What do we call a substance consisting of a single atom?
a)
coefficient
b)
element
c)
compound
d)
molecule
15.
A molecule is formed when two or more ____________ chemically join together.
a)
Atoms
b)
Compounds
c)
Mixtures
d)
Solutions
16.

Electrons in the last shell are called

a)

Valence electrons

b)

Hard electrons

c)

Outside electrons

d)

Best electrons

17.

Atoms form bonds with other atoms in order to be ______

a)

Happy

b)

Stable

c)

Not Happy

d)

Friends

18.

The valence shell corresponds to this grouping on the periodic table?

a)

The Groups

b)

The Periods

c)

Ionic compounds

d)

Molecular compounds

19.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
20.
The attraction that causes water and other liquids to form drops on thin films is called ________________. This is also water’s ability to be attracted to other water molecules.
a)
adhesion
b)
capillary action
c)
cohesion
d)
surface tension
21.
Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?
a)
the oxygen end
b)
the hydrogen end
c)
both ends are slightly positive
d)
neither end is positive
22.
What is the reason why oil and water don't mix?
a)
Oil is too heavy to mix with water
b)
Water can only mix with polar molecules 
c)
Water can only mix with non-polar molecules
d)
Oil is too light to mix with water 
23.
The fact that ice floats on liquid water is due to the fact that water's solid is ___________ than it's liquid form
a)
less polar
b)
more polar
c)
less dense
d)
more dense
24.
Water molecules require a lot of energy to separate one from the others.  This gives water a high
a)
density
b)
polarity
c)
solvency
d)
specific heat
25.
Large bodies of water do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. Why?
a)
Water is a solvent.
b)
Water has a high heat capacity.
c)
Water acts as a buffer.
d)
Water is non-polar.
26.
Why is it helpful to nature that ice floats?
a)
fish swim around the ice
b)
fish swim on top of the ice
c)
fish swim underneath the ice
d)
ice doesn't float
27.

What is a TRUE statement of a polar covalent compound?

a)

donates and accepts electrons

b)

shares electrons unevenly

c)

shares electrons evenly

d)

has an electronegativity difference of less than 0.4

28.

What does pH measure?

a)

the amount of hydrogen (H+) ions

b)

the amount of hydroxide (OH-) ions

c)

amount of water

d)

all of the above

29.

Which of the following is the strongest acid?

a)

1

b)

5

c)

3

d)

8

30.

Which of the following is the strongest base?

a)

4

b)

14

c)

7

d)

15

31.

What is a mixture of chemicals that react with a base/acid to keep pH in a particular range?

a)

catalyst

b)

enzyme

c)

water

d)

buffer

32.

What does a base release when placed in water?

a)

hydroxide ions (OH-)

b)

hydrogen ions (H+)

c)

ions

d)

molecules

33.

What does an acid release when placed in water?

a)

hydroxide ions (OH-)

b)

hydrogen ions (H+)

c)

ions

d)

nothing

34.

An acid has a pH

a)

higher than 7

b)

lower than 7

c)

7

d)

greater than 14

35.
Buffer is defined as
a)
ability to resist pH change
b)
ability to prevent pH from decreasing
c)
ability to resist a pH increase
d)
ability to resist pH change when small amount of acid added
36.

Most enzymes are composed of .....

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

37.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
38.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
39.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
40.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
41.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
42.
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell.  Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
a)
reducing the number of products   
b)
reducing the activation energy
c)
increasing the temperature of the cell
d)
increasing the concentration of reactants 
43.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
44.

What happens to an enzyme when it denatures?

a)

The activation energy of the reaction is doubled.

b)

The activation energy of the reaction is lowered.

c)

It's optimal conditions for temperature of the enzyme are doubled.

d)

The shape of the enzyme molecule is changed.

45.

Organic compounds are considered organic because they contain ______________ bonded with a hydrogen, where as _____________ compounds do not.

a)

Carbon; inorganic

b)

Hydrogen; organic

c)

Nitrogen; complex

d)

Carbon; organic

46.
The element _______is found in all of the organic compounds.
a)
Iron
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Carbon
d)
Oxygen
47.
When molecules of glucose and fructose combine to form sucrose, they do so by ___
a)
electron clouds
b)
dehydration synthesis
c)
hydrolysis
d)
radiation
48.
How many electrons can a carbon atom share?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
four
49.

Which chemical reaction uses water to break bonds?

a)

dehydration synthesis

b)

hydrolysis

c)

ionization

50.

Carbohydrates contain ONLY these elements:

a)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

b)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous

c)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

d)

Hydrogen, Oxygen

51.

Carbohydrates are made of monomers called:

a)

Amino acids

b)

Monosaccharides

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Fatty acids & Glycerol

52.

Because it is composed of TWO (2) monosaccharides, lactose is an example of a:

a)

Polysaccharide

b)

Trisaccharide

c)

Tetrasaccharide

d)

Disaccharide

53.

Carbohydrate functions:

a)

Genetic instructions & Information storage

b)

Short-term energy storage & Structural support

c)

Long-term energy storage & Insulation

d)

Catalyzing chemical reactions & Cell-to-cell recognition

54.

This carbohydrate functions to store short-term energy in the roots and seeds of plants:

a)

Chitin

b)

Cellulose

c)

Starch

d)

Glycogen

55.

This carbohydrate functions to store short-term energy in the muscles and liver of animals:

a)

Chitin

b)

Cellulose

c)

Starch

d)

Glycogen

56.

This carbohydrate functions to provide structural support within the cell walls of plants and serves as the fiber in our diet:

a)

Chitin

b)

Cellulose

c)

Starch

d)

Glycogen

57.

When animals eat a polysaccharide like starch, they digest it into individual glucose monomers through a reactions called:

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration synthesis

c)

Condensation reaction

d)

Both dehydration synthesis & condensation reaction are correct

58.

Which carbohydrate is matched correctly?

a)

glucose; monosaccharide

b)

cellulose; monosaccharide

c)

chitin; monosaccharide

d)

fructose; protein

59.

What functional group is shown?

a)

amino

b)

hydroxyl

c)

carboxyl

d)

sulfhydryl

60.

What functional group is shown?

a)

carboxyl

b)

carbonyl

c)

hydroxyl

d)

amino

61.

Functional group(s) in carbohydrates

a)

Carbonyl and hydroxyl

b)

Carboxyl

c)

Phosphate

62.
Saturated fats are __________ at room temperature.
a)
liquid
b)
gases
c)
plasma
d)
solid
63.

This picture shows what type of lipid?

a)

unsaturated fat

b)

phospholipid

c)

saturated fat

d)

steroid

64.

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids?

a)

long term energy

b)

controls what enters/leaves a cell

c)

cell signaling and communication

d)

building of muscles

65.
An unsaturated lipid contains, ________
a)
more oxygen than hydrogen
b)
double bonds
c)
ionic bonds
d)
only one fatty acid
66.

The tails of phospholipids are

a)

Hydrophilic

b)

Hydrophobic

67.

Which type of lipid is this?

a)

unsaturated fat

b)

triglyceride

c)

phospholipid

d)

steroid

68.
Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane?
a)
waxes
b)
steroids
c)
fatty acids
d)
phospholipids
69.
Lipids are made of... 
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
70.

Which of these are examples of Lipids?

a)

simple sugars

b)

complex carbohydrates

c)

fats, oils, & waxes

d)

hair, skin, & nails

71.
Steroids have what kind of structure?
a)
long chain of hydrogen/carbons with a glycerol group
b)
CHO in a hexagonal shape
c)
4 fused rings
d)
polar head and two fatty acid tails
72.
The C-O-O-H on the end of a fatty acid structure is called a _______
a)
carboxyl group
b)
R group
c)
fatty acid
d)
amino acid
73.
A lipid is a polymer that is made of what kind of monomers?
a)
monosacchirides
b)
amino acids
c)
fatty acids and a glycerol
d)
nucleic acid
74.
What is the monomer for a protein?
a)
Monosaccharide
b)
Triglyceride
c)
Amino Acid
d)
Nucleotide
75.

Used for growth and repair, includes enzymes

a)

proteins

b)

carbs

c)

lipids

d)

nucleic acids

76.

What elements make up Proteins?

a)

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Nitrogen

b)

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

c)

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Nitrogen

d)

Carbon

Nitrogen

Oxygen

77.

Which monomer is listed?

a)

amino acid

b)

glucose

c)

fatty acid

d)

triglyceride

78.

What is a chain of amino acids called?

a)

polypeptide

b)

polysaccharide

79.

What type of covalent bond joins amino acids together to make a protein?

a)

peptide bond

b)

ionic bond

c)

covalent bond

80.

Which macromolecule is pictured?

a)

nucleic acid

b)

carbohydrate

c)

lipid

d)

protein

81.

The quaternary structure of a protein is

a)

the simplest structure

b)

the most complex level

c)

is less complex than tertiary structure

d)

is less complex than primary structure

82.

The R group in a molecule determines

a)

the function of the molecule

b)

the speed of the molecule

c)

whether the molecule is organic or not

83.

What functional group(s) is/are on the amino acid here (check all that apply)

a)

Carbonyl Ketone

b)

Hydroxyl

c)

Carboxylic Acid

d)

Amine

84.

The monomer of Nucleic acids are:

a)

fatty acid

b)

amino acid

c)

glucose

d)

nucleotide

85.

Which macromolecule is pictured?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

86.

The two types of nucleic acids are:

a)

DNA

b)

NA

c)

RNA

d)

TNT

87.

What is the main function of nucleic acids?

a)

store lipids

b)

store genetic information

c)

reproduction

d)

makes carbohydrates

88.
Which biomolecule is made of nucleotides and include your DNA? (Hint: they carry genetic information)
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipids
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
89.

Which type of macromolecule had C-H-O-N-P

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

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