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Ecology Review

Total questions: 59

Worksheet time: 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
2.
Consumer that eats plants
a)
heterotroph
b)
herbivore
c)
producer
d)
community
3.
Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
a)
foodweb
b)
consumer
c)
food chain
d)
omnivore
4.
Organisms that relies on other organisms for food; consumer
a)
herbivore
b)
decomposer
c)
heterotroph
d)
species
5.
All the organisms in a particular location, including their nonliving environment
a)
ecosystem
b)
carnivore
c)
niche
d)
population
6.
What does fungi do to dead plants and animals?
a)
Leave them there
b)
Decompose them
c)
Wait for other animals to eat them
d)
Move away
7.
What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?
a)
The insects in the habitat would increase.
b)
The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
c)
The willow tree population would decrease.
d)
Foxes would dies due to no food source. 
8.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
90%
9.
Which of the following leads to a decrease in biodiversity?
a)
protection of ecosystems
b)
pollution control
c)
selective cutting
d)
introduction of exotic or invasive species
10.
In the food web shown, the snail would be considered...
a)
primary consumer
b)
secondary consumer
c)
tertiary consumer
d)
producer
11.

Ecology is the study of:

a)

only the living things in the environment

b)

only the nonliving things in the environment

c)

how living things interact with each other and the nonliving things in the environment

d)

scientists who perform research on living things

12.

What term do ecologists use to describe where an animal lives (an animal’s home)?

a)

Ecosystem

b)

Ecologist

c)

Habitat

d)

Population

13.

What is a species?

a)

Different animals that compete for the same resources

b)

A group of similar organisms that can reproduce with each other

c)

A group of organisms that live together

d)

A group of organisms that are physically and functionally very different from each other

14.

What type of organism can make its own food?

a)

A producer (an autotroph)

b)

A consumer (a heterotroph)

c)

A decomposer

d)

All of the above

15.

The first organism in a food chain is ALWAYS a:

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

decomposer

d)

Any of the above

16.

How much energy is transferred between trophic levels?

a)

25%

b)

20%

c)

10%

d)

90%

17.

What is a niche?

a)

The habitat that an organism lives in

b)

An organism’s “role” in an ecosystem

c)

A type of consumer

d)

The relationship between a producer and consumer

18.

What happens when different species try to occupy the same niche?

a)

The species compete with each other

b)

The species cooperate with each other

c)

The species coexist with each other

d)

All of the above

19.

In what type of relationship do both organisms benefit from the relationship?

a)

Parasitism

b)

Mutualism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

20.

What is the producer in the picture above?

a)

grasshopper

b)

snake

c)

grass

d)

Sun

21.

What is the decomposer in the picture above?

a)

grass

b)

fungus/mushrooms

c)

hawk

d)

frog

22.

What would harm this food web the most?

a)

the animals roaming about in this ecosystem

b)

rain

c)

pesticides being sprayed

23.

Which organism provides the energy for the producers in this model?

a)

frogs

b)

corn

c)

none of them, the energy comes from the Sun

d)

Eagle

24.

Choose the living things in the food web that are consumers --click on the image to make it larger

a)

wildflowers

b)

hawk

c)

rabbit

d)

snake

e)

mouse

25.

Click on the imgae to make it larger-- Choose the herbivores in the food web....

a)

hawk

b)

mouse

c)

rabbit

d)

snake

26.
Invasive species grow quickly due to the lack of predators, this leads to a decline or extinction of the native population. True or false? 
a)
false
b)
true
27.

Which group is not represented in the food web?

a)

producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

decomposers

28.

What do the arrows in the food chain indicate about the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

a)

Energy is continuously recycled by the organisms in an ecosystem.

b)

Energy flows in one direction in an ecosystem, from producers to consumers.

c)

More of the available energy in an ecosystem is given to large animals than to small animals.

d)

Organisms at the end of the food chain receive more energy than those at the beginning.

29.

In this energy pyramid, which organism would most likely be in level 2?

a)

bird

b)

fox

c)

caterpillar

d)

tree

30.

Which one of the following is true of grass in an ecosystem?

a)

It converts oxygen to glucose.

b)

It produces carbon dioxide from oxygen and water.

c)

It produces glucose from carbon dioxide and water.

d)

It converts water to energy.

31.

How would the removal of earthworms from the food chain affect the other organisms?

a)

The number of bass will increase.

b)

The number of crayfish will decrease.

c)

The crayfish will get their energy directly from the sun.

d)

The number of bass and ospreys (bird) will increase.

32.

Interactions in an ecosystem result from the transfer of matter and energy from producers to consumers and eventually decomposers. What are the forms of energy transfer from numbers 1 through 4?

a)

Chemical energy to chemical energy

b)

Light energy to chemical energy

c)

Chemical energy to heat energy

d)

Heat energy to mechanical energy

33.

Suppose that a new predator of the rabbit migrated to this ecosystem. What is the most likely initial effect on the other organisms?

a)

More competition among the mice for food

b)

More competition among the hawks for food

c)

Less competition among snakes for food

d)

Less grass available for food

34.

For the food chain shown, which of the following changes would have the most severe consequences?

a)

a drastic decrease in rainfall, causing a drought

b)

the poaching of predatory hawks by game hunters

c)

the introduction of a second predator that eats field mice

d)

a parasitic infestation that reduces the cricket population

35.

The diagram provided shows a marine food chain. In this food chain, the zooplankton are

a)

primary producers.

b)

primary consumers.

c)

secondary consumers.

d)

tertiary consumers.

36.

The picture provided shows an ocean bay food chain. Sea otters move into the ocean bay. They eat all of the sea urchins. This change will cause the

a)

kelp to have less food.

b)

crabs to have more food.

c)

sea ducks to have less food.

d)

arctic foxes to have more food.

37.

A student examines the information in the table. The student concludes that Organism W should be placed at the base of the food web to represent the feeding relationships in the marine ecosystem. However, the student later learns that Organism W's cells do not contain chloroplasts. Based on the new information, which conclusion would be appropriate?

a)

Another organism in the marine ecosystem is a producer.

b)

Organism W is a secondary consumer in the marine ecosystem.

c)

The role of Organism T in the marine ecosystem changes during its life.

d)

This marine ecosystem does not have any producers.

38.

A species that plays a critical role in the health, maintenance, growth, or definition of an ecosystem.

a)

keystone

b)

invasive

c)

engineer

d)

predator

39.
Based on the graph shown, how can you tell sea otters are a keystone species?
a)
as the sea otter population decreases, biodiversity increases
b)
as sea otter population increases, biodiversity increases
c)
changes in the sea otter population have little effect on biodiversity 
d)
the sea otter population dereases due to the presence of urchins
40.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. This relationship neither harms nor benefits the whales. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
41.
Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers where the larvae hatch and eat some of the developing seeds. Both species benefit. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
42.
Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from a spruce tree. The spruce tree is harmed. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
43.
 The stork uses it saw-like bill to cut up the dead animals it eats. As a result, the dead animal carcass is accessible to some bees for food and egg laying. The relationship neither harms nor benefits the stork.
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
44.

Which of the following shows the symbiotic relationship between the Rodent and the Bird?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

45.

Hermit Crabs live in shells made and then abandoned by snails.

a)

Commensalism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Competition

46.
Two male Giraffes are fighting over the last green leaf of a tree that is dying.  
a)
Competition
b)
Mutualsim
c)
Predation
d)
Commensalism
47.
In a parasitic relationship, one organism is ___________ and one organism is benefiting. 
a)
helped
b)
harmed
c)
not effected
d)
happy
48.
In a mutual relationship, both organisms are ________________. 
a)
hurt
b)
not effected
c)
harmed
d)
benefiting 
49.
Commensalism is where one organism is benefiting and the other organism is _____________________. 
a)
not effected
b)
helped
c)
harmed
d)
hurt
50.
1.  A bee and a flower work together to benefit each other. This is an example of _________________. The bee helps the flower by pollinating it and the flower helps the bee by providing it with nectar. 
a)
commensal relationship 
b)
parasitic relationship 
c)
mutual relationship 
51.

If a primary consumers have 650 kcals of energy available to them in the producers they eat, how many kcals of energy make it into the primary consumer trophic level?

a)

6.5

b)

65000

c)

650

d)

65

52.

An owl eats a rat that lived in an ecosystem where there was 2,800 kcals of energy in the insect population that the rat consumed. How many kcals would transfer to the trophic level the owl is in?

a)

28

b)

280

c)

2,800

d)

28,000

53.

A hawk eats a mouse that lived in an ecosystem where there is 10,000 kcals of energy in the insect population the mouse consumes. How much energy, in kcals, moves up to the trophic level the hawk is in?

a)

1 kcals

b)

10 kcals

c)

100 kcals

d)

1000 kcals

54.

Define Biotic

a)

living plants

b)

living animals

c)

living things

d)

things in your backyard

55.

Define Abiotic

a)

rocks and water

b)

Things in your front yard

c)

Living things

d)

Non-living things

56.

Which of the following best illustrates this interaction between both abiotic and biotic parts of an environment?

a)

horse

b)

horse and land

c)

sky

d)

sky and pond

57.

Air

a)

Biotic factor

b)

Abiotic factor

58.

Precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, hail)

a)

Biotic factor

b)

Abiotic factor

59.
A system made up of organisms interacting with one another
a)
biology
b)
abiotic
c)
biotic
d)
ecosystem

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