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Dynamic Earth Review

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 3hrs 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A volcano that has erupted in the last 2000 years but not recently is known as....
a)
Dormant
b)
Active
c)
Extinct
d)
Angry
2.
Volcanoes that have not erupted for at least 10,000 years are described as...
a)
Sleeping
b)
Dormant
c)
Active
d)
Extinct
3.

__________ volcanoes are usually steep sided. They are formed from layers of ash and lava. They are the most common volcano.

a)
Shield
b)

Composite

c)
Dormant
d)
Extinct
4.

Volcanically active places on Earth's surface that are far from tectonic plate boundaries.

a)

magmas

b)

earthquakes

c)

lavas

d)

hot spots

5.

A ____________ volcano tend to be smaller and can form quickly. They usually have flat domes on top and steep sides.

a)

cinder cone

b)

Composite

c)

Angel

d)

Shield

6.
This plate is involved in all of the Ring of Fire Volcanoes.
a)
The Nazca Plate
b)
The North American Plate
c)
The Pacific Plate
d)
The Indian Plate
7.
A subduction zone is...
a)
plates pull apart.
b)
the continental plate slides under the oceanic plate.
c)
where the oceanic plate slides under the continental plate.
d)
plates slap each other a high five.
8.
Volcanoes that have recently erupted are known as:
a)
Extinct Volcano
b)
Dormant Volcano
c)
Active Volcano
d)

hot spot

9.

The most common type of volcano that have steep sides at the opening and a broad base.

a)
Cinder Cone volcano
b)
Shield volcano
c)
Composite volcano
d)
Caldera
10.
A molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle
a)
Magma
b)
Lava
c)
Minerals
d)
Rocks
11.
Molten material that reaches the surface.
a)
Earthquake
b)
Tsunami
c)
Magma
d)
Lava
12.

The place in a volcano that holds the liquid rock is called

a)
Side vent
b)
Central vent
c)
Magma chamber
d)
Conduit
13.

Wide gentle sloping hillsides along with non-explosive eruptions with calm lava flow.

a)
Earthquake
b)
Cinder cone volcano
c)
Composite volcano
d)
Shield volcano
14.
The difference between magma and lava is _____
a)
where it is found (above or below the surface)
b)
how hot the molten rock is (lava is hotter than magma)
c)
 the type of boundary where it forms
d)
the viscosity of the molten rock (lava has a lower viscosity)
15.
A plate boundary where the plates slide past each other in opposite directions
a)
Indirect
b)
Transform boundary
c)
Convergent boundary
d)
Divergent boundary
16.

T or F: Scientists believe that Earth is made up of plates that float on the partly melted rock of Earth's mantle.

(a)  

17.
A plate boundary where the plates divide
a)
Indirect boundary
b)
Transform boundary
c)
Convergent boundary
d)
Divergent boundary
18.
Vocanoes are found...
a)
on land
b)
under water
c)
on islands
d)
all of the above
19.
Volcanoes that are NOT found at plate boundaries occur in the middle of plates in areas called ___________. 
a)
hot spots
b)
mid-ocean ridges
c)
fissure volcanoes
d)
shield volcanoes
20.

What layer of the Earth is represented by the letter A?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

21.

Where do volcanoes typically form?

a)

At plate boundaries.

b)

In the middle of tectonic plates.

22.

What is the beginning point of an earthquake? It is found underground.

a)

focus

b)

epicenter

c)

tsunami

d)

lithosphere

23.

What is a scientist who studies the movement of the earth called?

a)

tsunami

b)

magnitude

c)

seismologist

d)

focus

24.

What are the vibrations of energy flowing from the focus?

a)

epicenter

b)

tsunami

c)

focus

d)

seismic waves or

mechanical waves

25.

The strength of an earthquake's seismic waves...

a)

epicenter

b)

magnitude

26.

Idea that the earth's crust is made up of moving plates is...

a)

lithosphere

b)

theory of plate tectonics

c)

seismologist

d)

tsunami

27.

When plate boundaries move horizontally past each other?

a)

reverse fault

b)

normal fault

c)

abnormal fault

d)

strike-slip fault

28.

Fast-moving waves that occur beneath the surface of the earth are what type of earthquake waves?

a)

love wave

b)

surface waves

c)

P wave

29.

Giant ocean waves are called?

a)

epicenter

b)

seismic wave

c)

focus

d)

tsunami

30.

Slower destructive waves that occur on the surface of the earth are what type of earthquake waves?

a)

love wave

b)

surface waves

c)

P wave

d)

body waves

31.

Which layer of the Earth is LIQUID Iron and Nickel?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

32.

Moves in an up-and-down pattern is what type of earthquake wave?

a)

P wave

b)

S wave

c)

Rayleigh wave

d)

Love wave

33.

What is the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus?

a)

tsunami

b)

seismic wave

c)

epicenter

d)

focus

34.

The vibrations in the earth caused by the sudden release of energy is called an _____________.

a)

aftershock

b)

earthquake

c)

tsunami

d)

volcano

35.
A boundary on Earth's crust where two plates collide
a)
Convergent boundary
b)
Divergent boundary
c)
Transform boundary
d)
Indirect boundary
36.

T or F: A seismograph is used to detect, time, and measure the movements of the earth.

(a)  

37.

What is the first earthquake wave to reach a seismograph station during an earthquake?

a)

P-wave

b)

S-wave

c)

Surface wave

d)

body wave

38.

A crack or a fracture in Earth's lithosphere along which movement occurs.

a)

focus

b)

epicenter

c)

intensity

d)

fault

39.

A huge, glowing cloud of and dust can race downhill at 200 mph and can be hotter than 700 degrees Celsius.

a)

focus

b)

pyroclastic flow

c)

epicenter

d)

viscosity

40.

What is an instrument that detects, records, and measures the vibrations produced by an earthquake called?

a)

seismograph

b)

seismogram

c)

seismology

d)

focus

41.

What is the study of earthquakes?

a)

earthquakology

b)

plate tectonicology

c)

seismology

d)

volcanology

42.

What type of fault is the San Andreas in California? This type slides past each other.

a)

Convergent

b)

Transform

c)

Divergent

43.

What are the 3 main layers of the Earth?

a)

Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere

b)

Crust, Mantle, Core

c)

Rock, Magma, Ocean

d)

Top, Middle, Bottom

44.
The most destructive type of wave is a 
a)
P-wave
b)
S-wave
c)
Surface wave
d)
transverse wave
45.

How does the Richter Magnitude Scale calculate its measurements?

a)

Eyewitnesses

b)

Amount of damage caused

c)

The amount of time the earthquake lasted

d)

The strength of the seismic waves recorded by a seismograph machine.

46.

What is the thickest layer of the Earth?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

47.

What layer of the Earth is represented by the letter B?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

48.

What layer of the Earth is represented by the letter D?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

49.
What does the theory of continental drift state?
a)
The continents were once joined in a super-continent and have moved over time
b)
Continents are stationary and do not move
c)
The Earth is broken into lithospheric plates that move due to convection currents
d)
none of the above
50.
The thinnest layer of the Earth is the ___________.
a)
mantle
b)
crust
c)
core
51.

What layer of the Earth is represented by the letter C?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

52.
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?
a)
crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
b)
mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
c)
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
d)
outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
53.
Tectonic plates are made up of continental crust and ________ crust.
a)
continental
b)
oceanic
c)
plates
d)
mantle
54.
Who is the person credited with developing the theory of continental drift?
a)
Harry Hess
b)
Galileo
c)
Alfred Wegener
d)
Newton
55.

Why did other scientists have a hard time believing Wegener's theory of continental drift?

a)
He could not explain HOW the continents moved
b)

He didn't have ENOUGH evidence

c)

His evidence  was WRONG

d)

He didn't use the right technology to gather DATA

56.

Name the volcano featured shown as letter c in the diagram.

a)

vent

b)

magma chamber

c)

lave flow

d)

crater

e)

pipe

57.
True or false. Coal found in colder climates indicate that the land used to be in a warmer climate.
a)
True
b)
False
58.
a)
syncline
b)
anticline
59.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

the Earth's magnetic field.

c)

subduction.

d)

convection currents.

60.

When plates collide we get ________.

a)

crumbles

b)

volcanos

c)

trenches

d)

mountain ranges

61.

Which letter on the volcano diagram represents the magma chamber?

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

e)

e

62.

True or False: The continental plates move so quickly that we can feel them.

a)

True

b)

False

63.
Associated with transform boundaries.
a)
Volcanoes
b)
mountains
c)
trenches
d)
earthquakes
64.
A location where two tectonic plates collide is known as a _________ boundary.
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
c)
Transform
d)
Spreading
65.

Subduction means.....

a)

one plate goes under another plate

b)

two plates slide past each other

c)

two plate collide and form folded mountains

66.

Sea-floor spreading explains how.....

a)

new crust is created at a divergent boundary

b)

volcanoes are formed on continents

c)

deep sea trenches are formed

67.

_______________ Currents within the mantle cause the earth's plates to move and shift molten material

a)
Convection
b)
Radiation
c)
Conduction
d)
Wind
68.

The movement of metals within the earth's outer core causes a ____________________________ that is detectable on the earth's surface using a compass. (Causes a dynamo effect)

a)
Gravitational Pull
b)
Volcanic Eruption
c)
Magnetic field
d)
Convection Current
69.
What causes deformation of rock?
a)
Stress in the earth's crust
b)
water
c)
time
d)
tyme
70.
a)
normal fault
b)
reverse fault
c)
strike-slip fault
71.

An upward fold in the rock that makes an arch

a)

anticline

b)

syncline

c)

folded mountain

d)

fault block

72.

Which type of fault is this?

a)

Normal

b)

Reverse

c)

Strike-slip

d)

Your's

73.
A destructive mass of very hot ash, lava fragments, and gases ejected from a volcano
a)
Ring of fire
b)
Pyroclastic flow
c)
Hot spots
d)
Ash cloud
74.

Magma's resistance to flow, or how thick it is, is called _________

a)

volcanism

b)

viscosity

c)

pyroclastic flow

d)

convection

75.

Name the volcano featured shown as letter e in the diagram.

a)

lava flow

b)

pipe

c)

crater

d)

vent

e)

magma chamber

76.

Which letter on the volcano diagram represents the crater?

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

e)

e

77.

The huge pieces of the earth's crust are called ____________________________.

a)

cups

b)

plates

c)

dishes

d)

spoons

78.

What evidence did Wegener use to develop his theory of continental drift? Mark all those apply.

a)
Continents and fossils fitting together/matching-up like puzzle pieces 
b)
glacier scars and other climate evidence from temperature
c)
mountain ranges and rocks line up across continents
d)

icebergs on the ocean floor

79.

What is Pangaea?

a)

Theory that Earth’s surface is broken into large, rigid pieces that move with respect to each other

b)

A process by which new oceanic crust forms along a mid-ocean ridge and older oceanic crust moves away from the ridge.

c)

a supercontinent that began to break apart approximately 200 million years ago

d)

Molten rock stored below Earth’s surface

80.
Many earthquakes happen along the borders of...
a)
Countries
b)
Tetonic Plates
c)
Climate Zones
d)
None of the above.
81.

Rock becomes _________ and changes shape of the ground along a fault due to the stress.

a)

rebound

b)

deformed

c)

larger

d)

small

82.

There are 3 types of faults:

a)

normal, reverse, & tension

b)

normal, reverse, & compression

c)

normal, reverse, & strike-slip

d)

normal, reverse, shearing

83.
The area around the Pacific Ocean where lots of earthquakes and volcanoes happen is called the ____________.
a)
Ring of Earth
b)
Ring of Fire
c)
Ring of Stone
d)
Ring of Diamond

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