an order issued by a legal authority; a policy pronouncement

(a)  

from 1565-1815, this was the form of trade between the Philippines and Mexico. The galleons would sail to Mexico loaded with goods and return to the Philippines carrying the payment in silver.

(a)  

pure-blooded Spanish born in the Philippines

(a)  

a person with mixed ancestry- one parent is Chinese or Spanish and the other is a native; an important sector of the population in nineteenth-century Philippines

(a)  

firms established in MAnila and other cities by foreign traders

(a)  

an agreement that allowed a landowner to sell his/her land with the guarantee that he/she could by the land back at the same price

(a)  

Chinese enclave established in 1581 outside the walls of Intramuros. The Chinese were forced to live in the Prian

(a)  

pure-blooded Spanish born in Spain

(a)  

wealthy pure-blooded natives said to have descended from the kadatoan class

(a)  

a term that proliferated in the Spanish Philippines to refer tom people of pure Chinese descent; came from the Hokkien word " seng-li" meaning business

(a)  

a way by which people in a society are categorized based on socio-economic as well as political standards

(a)  

policies and reforms were carried out

(a)  

First governor -general to the Philippines under the Bourbon mandate was

(a)  

Farmers felt the pressure of the economy while the (a)   grabbed the opportunity.

it was also Chinese products that comprised most the goods being  traded.

(a)  

Stringent state policies towards the (a)   ranging from higher taxes, the restriction of movement with the establishment of the Chinese enclave ( the Parian), to actual policies of expulsion.

Chinese , however, proved to be (a)   in Philippine colonial economy and society.

This demand compelled the issuance of the (a)   that required all towns to set up primary schools to teach the population hoe to read and write.

The passage of an (a)   that mandated free primary education.

(a)   became a trading center, it became a viable destination for people seeking better opportunities or those wanting to escape the worsening conditions in the farmlands.

Increased rate of internal migration raised several concerns.

1, people flocked the centers of trade like Manila . Overcrowding implied issues in living quarters, sanitation and public health, and increase in criminality.

2. the continuous movement of people made tax collection extra difficult., in order to mitigate these concerns, one measure implemented was the 1849 decree of (a)   that urged the people in the colony to adopt surnames.

(a)   drawn up, the colonial government assigned surnames to people and forbade changing names at will. 

Pure blooded Spaniard born in the Iberian Peninsula (i.e., Spain)

(a)  

Pure-blooded Spaniard born in the Philippines

(a)  

Born of mixed parentage, a mestizo can be: 1. Spanish mestizo- one parent is Spanish, the other is a native ;or  2. Chinese mestiz0- one parent is Chinese, the other is a native

(a)  

Wealthy pure-blooded native supposedly descended from the kadatoan class 

(a)  

Pure-blooded native of the Philippines

(a)  

Non-Catholic pure blooded Chinese

(a)  

a Spanish conqueror

(a)  

a small tract of land included in a land grant

(a)  

a measure equal to 75 liters

(a)  

large estates that were used for raising livestock and agricultural production

(a)  

a tenant who rented land from the friars and subleased the land to sharecroppers

(a)  

ruling elite class

(a)  

( kasama) - an individual who rented the land from an inquilino and worked the land

(a)  

a large tract of land included in a land grant

 

(a)  

Jose Rizal was in Hongkong when he received distressing news about his family who were, at that time, embroiled in a litigation case concerning the (a)  

large tract of land known as sitio de ganado mayor measuring (a)  

smaller tracts of land known as caballerias measuring (a)  

An individual rented land for a fixed annual amount, known as (a)  

A three-tiered system emerged with the ___ at the top, the ___ at the middle, and the ___ at the bottom.

(a)  

1759, a destitute Spanish layman, (a)   , donated the lands to the Jesuits on the condition that he would be allowed to live in the Jesuit monastery for the rest of his life.

1803 the government sold the property to a Spanish layman, ___, for ___

(a)  

When Don Clemente died 1883 the ___ which measured ___ was purchased by the Dominicans for ___

(a)  

Rizal’s family rented one of the largest leased lands, measuring approximately (a)  

(a)   was a main commodity planted in the hacienda as there was a demand for the crop in the world market.

(a)    an official pastoral visit conducted by the bishop on a diocese to examine the conditions of a congregation; often done once every three years

an apparatus used for capital punishment in which an iron collar is tightened around a condemned person’s neck

(a)  

system of forced labor that required Filipino males from 16 to 60 years old to render service for a period of 40 days

(a)  

priests who belong to religious orders

(a)  

priests who do not belong to religious orders and are engaged in pastoral work

(a)  

system of taxation imposed by the Spanish colonial government on the Filipinos in order to generate resources for the maintenance of the colony.

 

(a)  

When Rizal published El Filibusterismo in 1891, he dedicated the book to the three martyred priest, (a)  

Basco established the (a)   in 1785 finance the agricultural projects